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China, Jamaica, and America Ethics Case Study
Tammy M Langewisch
Eth/557
December 3, 2012
Andrew Sargent, MBA, JD

China, Jamaica, and America Ethics Case Study
In the article, “A Study of Differences in Business Ethical Values in Mainland China, the U. S. and Jamaica,” writes about the results of a second research performed that compares what has been considered third world countries, Mainland China and Jamaica, to the United States (U. S.), and how each countries culture impacts ethical decision making in businesses. The study contained five vignettes and two hypotheses. The vignettes were scenarios in which the subjects responded to, according to what they believed were ethical or those that were not.
This paper will cover the culture that impacts China and Jamaica, the results of the research and ethics plays a role in decision making for financial, environmental, and cultural issues; how the concepts of positive and normative economics are reflected; and how market efficiency, economizing, and the market system affects these ethical issues in each country compared to the U. S.
Ethics in Financial, Environmental, and Cultural Issues Mainland China was a socialist-based economy that converted to free market over 25 years ago. China’s culture is founded upon Confucian and Maoist, rather than capitalist, which impacts ethical decisions made by Chinese business leaders (Fok, Hartman, & Kwong, 2005).
Jamaica’s heritage is capitalist and it is a low uncertainty avoidance country which means the country is open to changes in pressures to industrialize more so that other cultures. The country’s eagerness to develop could have an impact on how ethical its business leaders are, when it concerns making decisions that affect financial, environmental, and cultural issues (Fok, Hartman, & Kwong, 2005). The results of the study show that when the three countries were faced with an ethical dilemma, there were no differences in their decisions. However when a situation such as new technology giving the company a competitive edge but produced air pollution, Jamaica was more so inclined to go forward with new technology (Fok, Hartman, & Kwong, 2005). When it comes to justifying behavioral choices in each case the study shows that behavioral choices are different in the three countries. The study also found that when it came to bribery, America and Jamaica responded that it would be unethical to take bribes, while the majority of Chinese respondents claimed it is acceptable. However those Chinese and Jamaican respondents that stated that bribery was ethical rationalized their decision by claiming that it was an acceptable practice in other countries and a bribery payment was just the price for doing business (Fok, Hartman, & Kwong, 2005).
Concepts of Positive and Normative Economics China’s culture puts them in the concept of normative economics. China is a country focuses on the facts and the cause and effect relationship, which shows in the results of the study. For example the results of the study shows that China and Jamaica use a utilitarian approach when selecting issues based upon the country and economic necessities rather than ethical concerns. Chinese subjects on the other hand, chose not to go forward with pollutant technology, which shows the opinion of what must be (Fok, Hartman, & Kwong, 2005).
Jamaica in its concern to build the economy is willing to take a gamble, be flexible and open to change leading to a normative economic environment of what could be (Fok, Hartman, & Kwong, 2005).
How Market Efficiency, Economizing and the Market System Affect These Ethical Issues? As China and Jamaica continue to move to a more mature capitalist market system, their decisions and choices along the way appear to be based on economizing to expand globally. In Vignette #3, Jamaica would move forward with technology that would cause pollution rather than picking the moral decision for its countries health and ecological damages (Fok, Hartman, & Kwong, 2005).
Conclusion
This case study shows with overlap in ethical decisions that the gap is narrowing and critical thoughts are becoming more similar slowly and incrementally. Ethics and ethical decisions play a vital role in the success or failure of businesses around the world. These decisions not only affect the businesses but also the citizens in which their company resides and supply its goods to. If ethical decisions are not based upon the welfare of citizens and the environment, companies may well go out of business.

References
Fok, L. Y., Hartman, S. J., & Kwong, K. (2005, Winter). A study of differences in business ethical values in mainland china, the u.s. and jamaica. Review of Business, 26(1), 21-26. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/ehost/detail?sid=9dacdaf9-6a2d- 47ce-b946- f9d54bdceb9b%40sessionmgr113&vid=1&hid=107&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2Z Q%3d%3d#db=bth&AN=16304237

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