...Han, Tang and Ming in China. During that time China took the leading position in economics, politics, culture, military and diplomacy. But after Ming dynasty China lost its leading position for a long time. Since the reform and opening-up in 1978, China’s reemergence of economics impresses the world substantially. In 2010, China witnessed GDP of 5,878.3 billion US dollars, which is at the second place just following United States 1. During the last decade, China moved from the being the ninth-largest exporter to the largest in the world. According to the Global Competitiveness Index 2011-2012 report, China’s global competitiveness index scored 4.90 and ranked 26 out of 142. The group performance of the developing world is boosted by the strong dynamics of some of the largest economies including China. At the meantime, China’s military power is also strengthened. From 1989 to 2010 China's official military budget increased by double digits every year 2. Based on above positive and negative facts, China’s reemergence really impacts the world’s dynamics in various dimensions. In general these impacts can be divided into areas including goods, technology, people, capital and culture. * China’s reemergence impacts world’s dynamics in different aspects Goods According the percentage distribution of Merchandise Exports data of 11 main economies3 in Asia, China’s percentage grew from 10.3 percent in 1995 to 29.1 percent in 2007. By 2007, China has replaced Japan as...
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...legal history of china started with the Tang Code that was invented around 619 AD to 906, it contained a structure of laws for punishments and crimes but this code was very much a militarist law code seeing the historical time of that era was militarist in nature. It has subsequently been developing and advancing the rules which were seen in the in the Qin Dynasty which was in 221-206 BC which gave in an insight into a structured and advanced legal system. China has culturally been at the centre of many western studies because so much of china has remained unknown to the rest of the western world. This was brought up subsequently studying Chinese law and being asked ‘what is china and what is your image and view of these people’. This question given by Mr Ken Shao showed the class that none of the students had any idea of what china really was. In one instance there was an image of a traditional family and on the other a communist militarist dictatorship, this was only because there was very little information on China and that China was very much the unknown to many countries. The history of China is shown to display that this country has been a highly progressive country within the scope of law but also being one of the slowest countries to implement Intellectual Property Law which has sparked an interest into where the progression in the legal system relating to Intellectual Property Law went into disrepute and the arrival of Intellectual Property Law within the 1980s to the...
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...Economic Aftermath of World War II: China and Japan When it comes to the economic welfare of different countries around the world, it is dependent on events within the country or events that the country partake in. Such an example that led to changes within many countries who were part of the destructive events within it would be World War II. The end of World War II had left a trail of devastation in its path. There were many countries in turmoil and there were many countries that needed to recover and rebuild. Two countries that were influenced by the aftermath of the war greatly were China and Japan. Following the war each country had to rebuild and/or change their economic and...
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...China and the Kyoto Protocols China did indeed sign the Kyoto Protocols on May 29th in 1998. It then ratified the protocol in its government on August 30th in 2002. On February 16th of 2005, China entered into the force. In 2005, China was the world’s number one emitter of Greenhouse Gases, clocking in at seventeen percent of all the world’s emissions, although, per capita, out of the top ten positions, they are second to last. (China) During their five years as a member, China has only reported in once, although China is a Non Annex party due to its still growing economy and classification as a low income state. During these five years, China’s per capita greenhouse gas emissions have increased from 5.8 tons to 6.2 tons. (Kanter) I find China’s ratification of the Kyoto Protocols to be motivated on political and cultural premises. Ever since the end of Maoism, China has always been trying to appear as an eager participant in all of the world’s affairs by proving its worth to the world through political and economic prowess. The intense modernization, the friendliness towards companies willing to do work there, and fervent attempts to host the Olympics, World Expo, and other events have all been ways that China have used to attempt to dazzle the world. The Kyoto Protocols, something that China had no way of properly enforcing in light of their massive expansion, is just another way that China is showing the world that it is a great country. The reason that China could not...
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...first super store in Shanghai China, in 2005. By using the same tactics that is used within the United States, offering numerous items at low prices, China was still the ideal location for Wal MartWal-Mart to continue to thrive within the foreign market. Wal MartWal-Mart quickly started gaining the trust of the local government and local officials in order to expand quickly. By using local venture partners, Wal MartWal-Mart was able to bypass the government’s opposition to foreign businesses opening. Wal MartWal-Mart further was able to gain the trust of the local government byut allowing the All China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU) to operate within it’s stores in the countryover there, something that here within the United States Wal MartWal-Mart does not allow. Being able to offer China’s exports within its it’s own country, Wal MartWal-Mart is able to save money from the exporting and importing fees that are normally associated with its’s super centersupercenters, t. Thus creating a substantial gain in its earnings. Comparing China to the United States, the per capita is allowing Wal MartWal-Mart to draw the conclusion that it will be as equal to the United States when it comes to the success that it hopes achieves. II. Questions & Answers 1. What were some of the reasons behind Wal-Mart’s entry into the Chinese retail market? 2. Answer. The company needed to grow. With the huge success Wal-Mart had within the United States, they knew...
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...TJPU The Chinese automotive market In accordance to the German car manufacturers Preface The Chinese automotive market is immensely growing and becoming one of the strongest revenue generating market around the world. As the German car manufacturing industry is the third largest in this business sector and therefore it is not surprising that the well known German companies with Volkswagen leading the way want a big market share. According to this initial situation this paper should show up the actual situation of the Chinese markets and their own brands compared to the German and other manufacturers 1.0 Introduction of the market situation The market for automobiles in China has been the largest one in the whole world for now more than 8 years, as they overtook the leadership from the US market in 2008, measured by the total amount of units produced within a year. Since 2009 the numbers for the total production of automobile units exceed the ones of the total European Union or every other comparable market. Worth to say is the special situation of the Chinese market which has a broad variety in manufacturers and different models. So there are in general many foreign brands and a lot more Chinese brands which are mainly known in the Chinese market. As it is easy to recognize, the Chinese car manufacturers are not able to compete with the western quality, companies like General Motors, Volkswagen, Mercedes, BMW and others have great opportunities to challenge indigenous brands...
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...With 1.4 billion living souls in China, it is by far the most populated country in the world. It is located straight south of Mongolia (although part of China surrounds Mongolia), northeast of India, northwest of the South China Sea, and west of Japan. Its global coordinates are 35.86° N and 104.2° E. Because of its size, many climate regions exist within China’s territory. The southwest contains the plateau of Tibet. With an elevation of 14,000 feet, it is the highest plateau in the world! The Gobi Desert is in the northern area of China and southern area of Mongolia. It occupies approximately 500,000 square miles of area which is calculated to be over 10% of China’s surface area! This qualifies much of China uninhabitable without...
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...In the past decade mass immigration has increased drastically around the world(Beath). Many countries have different methods on how to accept immigrants and how to keep immigrants out. America, China, North Korea and many other countries around the world have closed borders against other countries. Their borders do have some errors that let immigrants enter the country illegally. The European Union has an open border within its countries, which is the main reason for extensive immigrants(Lynch). Many Countries have been attempting and struggling to strengthen their borders from neighboring countries. America has been struggling with immigration for a long time. Many undocumented immigrants in America are from Mexico or other countries in South America(Chavez). Immigrants go through tough life choices with leaving their family and selling their belongings to pay smugglers(El Paso Times).When refugees get to America they...
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...(Also known as the High Representative), responsible for negotiating on behalf of the member states regarding foreign policies. The paper aims to provide evidence to support facts that the further emergence of China, may threaten the Economic Competitiveness of the European Union. In order for China and the European Union (who are big players within the global market) to form a relationship under the process of globalisation, there are steps that are needed to allow this to happen. Example 2 4 Chapter 2: The further emergence of China and the Economic Competitiveness of the European Union ‘Trade between the European Union and China has been growing dramatically, and China is the second trading partner of the European Union consequently displacing the United States of America as the main source of European Union imports, increasing by around 16.5% a year between 2004 and 2008’ (Nello, 2012). In 2010 China became the main exporter of the world (Nello, 2012) overtaking Germany and the United States. The export to the European Union consisted of mainly industrial goods such as machinery and transport equipment. ‘China surpasses United Sates as European Unions top trade partner: MOC’ was the headline by Danlu (2011) from China News. This shows that China has not only become a major player with regards to the European Union, but also the number 1 player in the market. 2.1: Trade deficit, biased trade practices, and further challenges ‘OECD (Organisation for Economic...
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...Google in China’s World Lauri Mak Ottawa University October 19, 2012 Abstract This paper will discuss Google, one of the largest internet search engines decision to enter the China internet market and the deviation against their very own corporate ethics policies. It will identify the key stakeholders involved and will look at the primary non-marketing issues and analysis each issue. Introduction In 1996 Larry Page and Sergey Brin began developing a search engine called BackRub while enrolled at Stanford University. In 1998 the company was renamed Google Incorporated and launched their search engine from a garage in Santa Margarita California. First held as a private company, they went public in August of 2004. Google grew extremely quickly by taking their single language website and adding different products including but not limited to the development of various forms of advertising and web applications from a variety of different tasks as found on the company website http://Google.com. Google.com quickly grew to be the most popular search engine in the world. “Their technology used an algorithm to find possible Web pages with search criteria provided by the user. Google’s PageRanktm technology measures the importance of different Web pages by solving an equation with more than 500 million variables and 2 billion terms.” (Martin, 2011) Google’s decision to enter the Chinese market was based on greed and increased market share rather than their company’s highly publicized...
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...Growing China: Will China Share Superpower Status with United States? After the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, United States has remained her superpower status and has established her hegemony all around the world. In the 21st century, everybody waits for a country to fill the gap that was left by the Soviet Union to compete with the United States. Now, China is the most potential country that can be a superpower competing with US. China has developed herself since she became a communist state, especially, it is the past 20 years that China has improved from a state once isolated form rest of the world, into a regional superpower as potentially a state having the capacity to change the future direction of world events. By 2020, China hopes to compete with United States, however, that is not so easy for US to share her superpower status with China and US does not want to engage in another Cold War. First of all, what is a superpower? We need to define superpower to understand that China will possess the status of what and whether she benefits from it. During the second half of the twentieth century the concept of superpower status has been unique and without precedent. This is due to the fact that in this period, a superpower by definition possesses nuclear capabilities. While the UK, a superpower in the nineteenth century, now possesses nuclear capabilities, it is lacking in other attributes. Today’s superpower possesses four attributes, which confer upon it this status...
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...Throughout the 19th century into the 20th century, the west started to have an increasingly great influence on the other parts of the world. Asia, in particular, was faced with the decision of whether to adopt and conform to the western ways or to reject and stick with their traditional ways of life. In the end, Asia adapted to ways of the western “devils”, but most of their efforts seemed unsuccessful while others were quite successful. The main countries that experienced the western influence were China, Korea and Japan. Although all three countries experienced their share of internal and external strife, China and Korea’s modernization efforts were, in comparison to Japan, unsuccessful. The reason for this was because Japan was able to fully utilize their resources and take advantage of the opportunities that they were presented with in Asia, whereas China and Korea were occupied with internal and external conflicts. Although China and Korea weren’t total failures, the Land of the Rising sun overshadowed them. China’s first experience with western imperialism is seen in the 1830’s when they had conflict with the spread of opium and the dwindling of silver within the country. China wished to stop both these events so when they confiscated supplies of opium from British traders, the British government used its newly developed military power to make their dissatisfaction known to the Chinese. This, along with other factors, led to the First Opium War (1839-1842). The result...
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...China should not be permitted to claim the Spratly and Paracel Islands as its territories because it is a direct violation of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. If they are not challenged, the surrounding nations will not be able to use these waters to engage in trade, nor will they be able to reap the profits of the natural resources, and fighting will erupt. Since the beginning of the nineteenth century, China has laid claim to several archipelagos in the South China Sea with The Spratly and Paracel Islands receiving the most attention. However, several countries in close proximity to the islands claim them also. The Council on Foreign Relations website (http://www.cfr.org) stated the South China Sea encompasses an area of about 1.3 million mi2 and China seeks to own it all. If not settled appropriately, the controversy over these territorial waters will lead to war. This area is rich in natural resources and is a very important passageway for international trade. According to the Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea the United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea first...
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...HOW PEACEFUL IS CHINA’S PEACEFUL RISE? 16 July 2014 at 17:01 HOW PEACEFUL IS CHINA’S PEACEFUL RISE? The People’s Republic of China has been taking great pains to point out to its neighbours specifically, and the world in general, that they have nothing to fear of its increasing power. This approach is epitomised by China’s emphasis on the term ‘peaceful rise’ to describe its expanding influence since 2004. Not only is ‘peaceful rise’ used to allay concerns that China will use its power to further its goals at the expense of other nations, it is also used to directly contrast the PRC with the United States who have been embroiled in the same period in the controversial War on Terror. Given the prominence of the claim of the claim it is clearly in the interests of understanding international and regional developments that we pose the question “How peaceful is China’s peaceful rise?” As this essay will show, in light of the PRC’s domestic aims and because of China’s historical and cultural experiences, any attempt to answer question is contradictory, and depends on the region. The question of China’s contradictory peaceful rise is explained most completely by the theory of neoclassical realism. Neoclassical realism argues that it is the aim of states to gain power to pursue what they deem is in their national interests. It breaks down the state’s efforts in that respect into two spheres, the internal and the external. The external sphere is similar to other theories of...
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...Cultures The booming phenomena of internet shopping has had a huge and somewhat unexpected effect on the global retail and manufacturing industry. The ability to satisfy the ever expanding demands of products from anywhere in the world to be delivered in an efficient and cost effective manner has forced certain mega retail giants to globalize their operations, and in turn has had a huge impact on the cultures of many nations and groups of people throughout the world. To ensure that there is a smooth transition into new markets these companies must educate themselves and their employees, about the cultural differences and similarities that each group will face. As stated by, Becton, B. (2009) “China will be an important player in the world economy, this has important implications for organizational research as more and more companies expand operations into China.” Amazon as a leader in internet sale and retail has embraced china as the most important new market in the world and has made many adjustments within the company to not only understand the cultural differences but to understand them. The understanding gained will help maximize the workforce and realize a better understanding of the Chinese peoples as a customer. The workforce in China is almost a polar opposite to the US workforce in that the Chinese culture causes them to think of themselves collectively, or to be more to the point they feel that they work for each other instead of themselves. The US workers on...
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