...Introduction: Kinect is a mainly a motion sensing input device. In this project it is used to enable control and interact with the application without the need to touch the object, through a natural user interface and using gesture and spoken commands may be. The Microsoft Kinect consists of an infrared projector, a color camera, an infrared sensor and Multi-array microphone that enables to: 1) Acoustic source localization 2) Ambient noise suppression Camera characteristics (1): The depth sensor captures video data in 3D under any ambient light conditions: 1) Infrared laser projector 2) Monochrome CMOS sensor Different depth measurement techniques are there. Here is a brief discussion about each of them: Lets first talk about the stereo triangulation method: (A stereo camera system can be used for determining the depth to points in the scene. Now first have to know what stereo camera is and what the features are. (A stereo camera is a type of camera with two or more lenses with a separate image sensor or film frame for each lens. This allows the camera to simulate humanbinocular vision, and therefore gives it the ability to capture three-dimensional images, a process known as stereo photography. Stereo cameras may be used for making stereoviews and 3D pictures for movies, or for range imaging. The distance between the lenses in a typical stereo camera (the intra-axial distance) is about the distance between one's eyes (known as the intra-ocular distance)...
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...Explain what is meant by the ‘correspondence principle’ The correspondence principle is all the lessons that are taught to you in school but they are not directly taught. For example, simply through every day workings of the school, pupils become accustomed to accepting hierarchy and competition. Suggest three criticisms that other sociologists may make of the functionalist view of the education system? Functionalists see education as a process that instils the shared values of society as a while, but Marxists argue that education in capitalist society only transmits the ideology of a minority, the ruling class. The interactionist Dennis Wrong argues that functionalists have an ‘over-socialised view’ of people as mere puppets of society. Functionalists wrongly imply that pupils passively accept all they are taught and never reject the schools values. Unlike Davis and Moore, the New Right argue that the state education system fails to prepare young people adequately for work. This is because state control of education discourages efficiency, competition and choice. Outline some of the ways in which government educational policies may have affected social class differences in educational achievement? Marketisation brought in a change in selection policies, it brought in a funding formula that gives the school the same amount of funds for each pupil, also exam league tables that rank each school according to its exam performance and make no allowance for the level...
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...Marxists Bowles and Gintis (1976) believed that through the term ‘Correspondence Principle’ that education corresponds to employment so if you knuckle down and learn at school it will result in better jobs/careers in your lifetime, this gives the workforce structure and organisation. The values of education reflect on the workplace. They also believe that education prepares a workforce through the hidden curriculum. This teaches the working class the values needed within employment and also how to talk and act in a polite manner. A final key function in which they believed in was ‘Meritocracy’. They see it as a myth and in reality they class people’s backgrounds on how well they work because people believe that the education system is meritocratic, it legitimates the system making it seem fair towards others. As a neo Marxist Paul Willis (1977) conducted a study on a group of lads in a midlands comprehensive school in the 1970’s. He believed that counter school culture is opposed to the values in society. Whilst studying the lads he found that they had formed a counter culture which valued traditional working class masculinity, emphasizing toughness and despising weakness. In this counter culture they were sexist so looked down on women and also racist which meant that they looked down on ethnic minorities. Shop floor culture is another key function of Paul Willis’ study; it’s not so different from counter school culture apart from the fact that they had little respect for authority...
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...Ethical Considerations Reflection Paper University of Phoenix EDU/ 315 Equality is what I consider to be the primary ethical consideration for teachers in a K-8 setting. In order for children to receive the same education the teacher will need to treat each student in the same manner. According to Dictionary.com Equality is “the state or quality of being equal; correspondence in quantity, degree, value, rank, or ability” (Dictionary.com, 2011). If a teacher refrains from following the Florida educational ethical standards (6B- 1. 006 section 3, subsection G), which states that a teacher “shall not harass or discriminate against any student on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, age, national or ethical origin, political beliefs, marital status, handicapping conditions, sexual orientation, or social and family background”, (Florida Department of Education, 2011) then the teacher will be written up and/ or terminated from their teaching position. Learning disabilities is one equal consideration teachers need to think about in their classroom. When a teacher treats a student with learning disabilities exactly as a student without learning disabilities it is unfair and discouraging to the disable student. Teachers should make accommodations for these students to equal the class work and expectations. Teachers can help all students in the class to understand and respect each individual no matter their learning disability by having library books read and available...
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... along with the fact that education reproduces the conditions for capitalisms to flourish without having to use force. Althusser believes this is done through the hidden curriculum: ensuring that working class children are encouraged to perform working class, capitalists, jobs. Bowles and Gintis argue that education serves to reproduce directly the capitalist relations of production, the hierarchy of workers from the boss down,. Bowles and Gintis’s correspondence theory suggests that what goes on in school corresponds directly to the world of work. The higher up the system the individual progresses, the more personal freedom they have to control their own educational or working experiences, and more responsibility they have for their outcomes. Numerous studies show that many pupils have little regard for the rules of the school and little respect for the teacher. Paul Willis (Learning to Labour) showed that working class ‘lads’ learned to behave at school in ways quite at odds with capitalism wanted. He suggested that schools reproduce the relations of production by demonstrating that the boys in...
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...offering approximately 87 undergraduate majors and 47 masters degree programs to nearly 8,000 students (4,156 full time undergraduates, 1,668 part time undergraduates, and 1,947 graduate students). It granted doctoral degrees in a few programs (music and art). The university s mission statement noted “a commitment to the complementary relationship between liberal and professional education.” The College of Education, Human Services, Behavioral Sciences, and Justice (EHBJ) offered both undergraduate and graduate courses in what are often called the “helping professions.” They included psychology, social work, criminal justice, public health, nursing, and education. Serving the needs of approximately 2,000 students, it was the second largest school at the university (Arts & Sciences being the largest). Two programs offered masters degrees; there were no doctoral programs. This case was written by Nancy Thomas as...
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...with other principles such as family, mass media, religion and politics. They also believe that the education system does not maintain and reproduce existing social class, ethnic and gender inequalities from one generation to the next. The evidence for this lack of equality of opportunity in education is that, even for students of the same ability, there are wide differences in educational achievement which are closely linked to the social class origins of students, and their gender and ethnic characteristics. However Perry and Francis point out, social class is the strongest predictor of educational achievement in the UK, and the key factor influencing whether a child does well or badly at school. In direct terms, ‘Rich, thick kids do better than poor, clever children’, even before school as this is what...
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...The United States is becoming more diverse, which makes the public school system more diverse as well. This prompts teacher education programs to prepare preservice teachers with the tools and knowledge to effectively teach students who culturally and linguistically diverse. Previous research has been conducted on the importance of altering preservice teachers beliefs and practice with antiracist pedagogy. The author defines antiracist teaching as personal and pedagogical work that serves as an ally and advocate for students of color. Other research also indicates that teachers need to be taught how to become antiracist educators, and need opportunities to gain knowledge about race and racism in regards to their identities and others. This study addresses that the same attention and focus on the beliefs and practice on preservice teachers should be on teacher educator’s beliefs and practices. Sociocultural, historical and political position has an impact on people’s perspectives. It is important to focus on teacher educator’s beliefs and practices because consciously or unconsciously there perspectives are reflected in there teaching methods and resources used in the classroom. This would also limit their ability to effectively address antiracist topics, which put preservice teachers at a disadvantage for...
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...1970's said that Britain was facing a skills crisis. Pupils were leaving school unemployable, lacking the knowledge and skills needed for Britain to compete in the global economy. This was the main reason why new vocationalism was introduced to train young people and to provide the economy with skilled workforce. On these vocational courses students are taught technical skills such as plumbing and construction. Marxist would argue that vocationalism doesn’t simply train workers for exploitation but also produces inequalities. That the real function of vocational education is to serve the needs of capitalism and tofurther produce existing inequalities.They would also argue that vocational schemes are interpreted as helping legitimise class division because they promote the idea that the middle class receive education whereas the working classes receive training. As the elite have their own schools which are known as public schools where they are not taught vocational courses this allows them to get the higher status and better paid jobs and further promotes inequality.Althusser argued that the main role of education in society is to reproduce of an efficient and obedient work force. This is achieved through schools by transmitting the ideology as school teaches individuals to compete with their pupils by trying to do better than them. It also trains future workers to become submissive to authority as school teaches individuals to accept and do as you’re your told. Althusser argues...
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...NAAC The NATIONAL ASSESSMENT AND ACCREDITATION COUNCIL (NAAC) is an autonomous body established by the University Grants Commission (UGC) of India to assess and accredit institutions of higher education in the country. It is an outcome of the recommendations of the National Policy in Education (1986) that laid special emphasis on upholding the quality of higher education in India. The system of higher education in India has expanded rapidly during the last fifty years. In spite of the built-in regulatory mechanisms that ensure satisfactory levels of quality in the functioning of higher education institutions, there have been criticisms that the country has permitted the mushrooming of institutions of higher education with fancy programme and substandard facilities and consequent dilution of standards.To address the issues of deterioration in quality, the National Policy on Education (1986) and the Plan of Action (POA-1992) that spelt out the strategic plans for the policies, advocated the establishment of an independent national accreditation body. Consequently, the NAAC was established in 1994 with its headquarters at Bangalore. Governance The NAAC functions through its General Council (GC) and Executive Committee (EC) where educational administrators, policy makers and senior academicians from a cross-section of the system of higher education are represented. The Chairperson of the UGC is the President of the GC of the NAAC, the Chairperson of the EC is an eminent academician...
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...Supportive schools require educators and administrators to be data-centered. Equity issues often stem from our preconceived, systemically influenced belief systems. An alterative to making decisions based on our gut feelings, educators should focus on utilizing well-designed, objective measurement tools. Test data should be used regularly to make instructional decisions. ED887, Authentic Assessments course at Emporia State University, discussed using a variety of assessment methods, both formative and summative, to alter instruction in order to meet the needs of our students. Assessment practices should be encouraged and evaluated during regularly scheduled professional development sessions. Assessment data should be looked at collaboratively...
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...contribute to sustainable economic development and to the social welfare as it relates to science. Thus it is important for students to develop an interest in science from an early stage and this officially starts in the classroom. None of this is possible however, without the input of a good teacher and the necessary resources in the science arena. Therefore, factors which contribute to high accomplishment in science should be of a greater concern to decision-makers in the education system in Jamaica. There are many factors to consider when teaching science. These include: the appropriateness and accessibility of the curriculum; the availability and quality of textbooks; the availability of laboratories and scientific equipment, the school...
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...Effective use of instructional materials in the teaching of basic sciences CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the study Education, according to Coombs (1970) consists of two components. He classified these two components into inputs and outputs. According to him, inputs consist of human and material resources and outputs are the goals and outcomes of the educational process. Both the inputs and outputs form a dynamic organic whole and if one wants to investigate and assess the educational system in order to improve its performance, effects of one component on the other must be examined. Instructional resources which are educational inputs are of vital importance to the teaching of any subject in the school curriculum. Wales (1975) was of the opinion that the use of instructional resources would make discovered facts glued firmly to the memory of students. Savoury (1958) also added that, a well-planned and imaginative use of visual aids in lessons should do much to banish apathy, supplement inadequacy of books as well as arouse student’s interest by giving them something practical to see and do, and at the same time helping to train them to think things out themselves. Savoury (1958) suggested a catalogue of useful visual aids that are good for teaching history i.e pictures, post cards, diagrams, maps, filmstrips and models. He said that selection of materials which are related to the basic contents of a course or a lesson, helps in-depth understanding of such a lesson...
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...anomie * Being taught history important; teaches shared heritage, integration and solidarity. * Family based on affective (affectionate) relationships. Society is based on instrumental (mutual self- interest). School teaches instrumental relationships gradually- ‘easing’ them into it! Parsons * Education teaches the value of achieved status’ rather than ascribed. * Education teaches universalistic standards- rather than the particularistic standards seen in family * Competition, equality and individualism are taught within education. These are crucial to capitalism and cannot be taught in family due to its cooperative nature. Marxism- Conflict Perspective Schools make proletariat passive and resigned to their fate. Making sure they don’t rebel! Althusser * Education acts as an Ideological apparatus- ‘brainwashing’ Apply this to schools, it can be argued hidden curriculum teaches obedience etc. and punishes free thinking. Official Curriculum teaches that alternatives to capitalism as dangerous! Study: Bowles & Gintis (1976) Schools mirror workplace. This is the correspondence principle, and it prepares children to accept their future exploitation as the proletariat. Note several similarities between workplace and schools: Hierarchical, same values of uniform and punctuality etc, external rewards emphasised i.e. wages and grades as opposed to just enjoyment, fragmentation & alienation- form group, subject, department etc. Also...
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...trying to capture the subject matter. Some scholars like Snelson (1974:1) define education as a condition of human survival. It is the means where by one generation transmits the wisdom, knowledge and experience which prepares the next generation for life’s duties and pleasure. Although this definition may not cater or address all the issues raised in education, it helps us to have a wide knowledge about all aspects of education. This also helps us to act with more insight and more intelligence in molding the youths in an acceptable manner. As human beings, the kind of personality one becomes will depend very much on the home he/she is born into, on his parents, on his village in which they are brought up. It can also be based on his or her school and on the tribe or nation to which they belongs. The kind of personality will not only depend on the things mentioned but also on beliefs and ideas that he will encounter throughout his life. The importance of any form of education lies in the fact that it is at the centre of development of a given society. As such, a well-developed educational system will undoubtedly lead to the production of trained and skilled manpower that are indispensable in bringing about social change. Most societies throughout history provided some kinds of education for the young so that they can live and succeed in a changing society. Education whether or formal has its related objectives. The prime purpose of education in any society is the fullest development...
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