...A Comparison of Eastern Philosophy Asia, the world’s largest continent, consists of over one third of Earths total land are and approximately 60% of the world’s population. Further, a large percentage of Asia’s 4.3 billion people live in the countries of China, Japan, and India (Exploredia, 2011). Out of these densely populated countries three eastern schools of philosophy were born between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE, and it is these same ancient philosophies that flourish throughout Asia today. Confucianism, Buddhism, and Hinduism are three major schools of thought that significantly have impacted the political, social and religious views of Asian culture. Confucianism, which was inspired by Confucius, has been followed by the Chinese people for more than two thousand years (Confucianism, 2012, pp.1). Because Confucianism is described as a way of life, it is sometimes viewed as a philosophy and sometimes viewed as a religion, although it does not share the aspect of organization that most other religions share. The idea behind Confucianism is that wisdom and knowledge can be obtained through study, ritual practices, and learning from experiences. Humans are perfectible by wisdom and the ultimate goal is to reach a state of superior wisdom. The first principle Confucius taught is called the principle of mean, which is the importance of seeking balance and moderation in life. Any circumstance of extreme should be avoided. The second principle Confucius...
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...Eastern Educational Philosophies Abstract Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism are compared for historical, ideology, and epistemology, searching for Eastern Philosophy compatible to Western Philosophy. A research for possible influences on Education of Philosophy discovered that it was impossible to bring comparisons and even difficult to separate them into the key issues. Colonialism and Nationalism brings the two philosophies together. Even though the Western mindset can appreciate the fascination concepts it may be impossible to blend East and West. However, it is possible to juxtapose the very different philosophies as it may be represented in the arts. Even Western Philosopher who have been influenced by Eastern Philosophy, it is reasonable to believe it is the philosophers attempt to interpret Eastern Philosophy. However, it is impossible to replicate it. Instead the product is a hybrid and independent of either East or West. Eastern Educational Philosophies Eastern philosophy has a long and varied history. Asian ideas are among the oldest in the world. Great thinkers of the East have developed sophisticated cultural and political systems that have influenced other religions as well as western philosophy. This paper will examine ideological, epistemological, and historical differences in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. Ways in which these philosophies have shaped higher education theory and practice are of major importance to educators. ...
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...Kogi State University Anyigba, P.M.B 1008 Faculty: Arts and Humanity, Department: Philosophy and Religious Studies. Name: HASSAN YAHAYA Matric No.: 12PR 1294 Course Code: Phil 410 Course Title: Oriental Philosophy Assignment Question: Discuss the basic tenets of Confucianism. In which ways has it Contributed to the Chinese society? Lecturer: Dr. John I. Ebeh Introduction: Confucianism is the traditional philosophy of the Chinese people and also a religion, mainly an ethical system or moral philosophy, named after its founder, Confucius (K’ung-Fu-Tzu), who was born in 551 B.C and died 479 B.C. it is not based on any metaphysical concept like the Taoism; it is the least metaphysical and the more practical of the Eastern philosophies considered. Confucius was a contemporary philosopher and also a contemporary Buddha. Below are the basic tenets of Confucianism; 1. Confucius never aimed at teaching anything new or founding anything new to the system; his aim was to simply give a re-interpretation and transmit to posterity the wisdom of the ancients. Thus he says and I quotes; “I communicate and do not invent. I have faith in antiquity and consecrate all my efforts to its cause”. The center of Confucius teaching is the concept of Jen, which has variously translated as human-heartedness (Derk Bodde, Fung Yu-lan), that by which a man is to be a man(Chan), the virtue of perfect humanity (Wei), compassion (Lin Yutang), and man – to – manness (E.R. Hughes). Jen is that which...
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...“So Mexicans Are Taking Jobs from Americans “by Jimmy Santiago Baca, the narrator explains in immigrants come to America and try to take make living for their families but society discriminate against them because they are different .American Dream” by Arnold Schwarnegger is an interview with Schwarzenegger detailing how a man tries to pursuit his dreams as a bodybuilder, never giving up no matter what. Even when he placed second times in competitions, he became successful in America. In other words, these two narrators give examples of how immigrants come from other countries, trying to pursuit dreams in another land, making better living for their children, and becoming leaders in many different ways. Society discriminates against them due to look. The optimistic tone of schwarnegger’s interview is in stark contrast to Baca’s poem, underlining American society’s preference for immigrants to European versus Latin-American descent. First, some people successfully sneak across the border but do not mean they will successful once they get to America. “So Mexicans Are Taking Jobs from Americans” by Baca gives a mental picture of where a lot of immigrants are coming from, and gives an understanding as to why they would choose to risk their lives coming to America. “The rifles I hear sound in the night are white farmers shooting blacks and browns whose ribs I see jutting out and starving children” reflects the bitterness he has towards Americans for the violence that occurs with border...
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...Eastern Matrix nene monroe PHL/215 February 26, 2014 Field | Definition | Historical Developments | Schools Of Thought | Key Contributors | Principal Issues | Eastern | Eastern philosophy includes the various philosophies of ancient China and India, but can also include Islamic, Jewish, and Persian philosophies | Frederick Streng: ways of defining religion.Mary Daly: religion reflects patriarchy | The problem of evilArguments of godFaith and resounding | Saint AnselmGauniloSt. Thomas Aquinas | What is religion?Is there true evidence of a god?Is there a heaven and hell? | | | | | | | Eastern and Western philosophy are similar but different in many ways. Eastern philosophy includes the various philosophies of ancient China and India, but can also include Islamic, Jewish, and Persian philosophies. Western philosophy refers to the philosophies developed by the ancient Greeks and Indians. There are many differences between Eastern and Western philosophy. One is the east uses concepts by intuition while the west uses concepts by postulations. Another is the west wants logical concrete proof while according to the east reality is known by intuition. The eastern philosophers are primarily practical while the western philosophers are primarily theoretical. The west is concerned basically with the modern world while the east is concerned with the ancient and past world. Lastly eastern philosophy relationship with religion is integration while western philosophy relationship...
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...EASTERN AND WESTERN PHILOSOPHY The subject of philosophy has always been divided along two lines of thinking – the eastern and the western. Though each line is concerned with finding the right path to follow, the methodology and teachings of the philosophers from either line of thinking has been distinct and different. This paper aims to examine the ideas of one eastern and one western philosopher – Confucius and Socrates respectively and compare the two for similarities and differences. One of the greatest philosophers from the eastern school of philosophy, Confucius was a just and righteous man, who adhered to ancient Chinese customs, ideals and conformed to the principles pre-laid by ancient sages. Because of his fame as a man of ideals, his counsel was often sought upon by kings. In his advice to emperors, Confucius stressed on the importance of examples. He believed if the emperor lead his subjects by leading an exemplary life, his subjects would follow and the state would be harmonious and prosper. His virtue of ethics was based on a simple rule – do not what you do not wish to be done to yourself. This is a powerful statement that underlines the aim of following virtuous acts – bad is something which you do not want for yourself, good actions are the ones which you wish to be returned to you. Through this statement, people could contemplate the impact of their actions on others and for themselves, decide upon what was right and what was wrong. In his advice to emperors...
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...------------------------------------------------- Course Syllabus PHI 105 Introduction to Philosophy Course Start Date: 08/15/2011 Course End Date: 10/16/2011 Please print a copy of this syllabus for handy reference. Whenever there is a question about what assignments are due or when they are due, please remember this syllabus is considered the ruling document. Copyright Copyright ©2010 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. University of Phoenix© is a registered trademark of Apollo Group, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft©, Windows©, and Windows NT© are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Use of these marks is not intended to imply endorsement, sponsorship, or affiliation. Edited in accordance with University of Phoenix© editorial standards and practices. Facilitator Information Larry Waggle, Ph. D. larrywaggle@email.phoenix.edu (University of Phoenix) Unclelahr@live.com (Alternate) 480-330-0953 (MST) Facilitator Availability I am available from 9 a.m.-9 p.m. Arizona Time on most days, but I attempt to reserve Sunday for my family. On Saturdays, I tend to be online in the morning only. If these times are not...
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...DQ1-CJS/230 Before the 20th century various punishments were exercised that derived from different institutes and philosophies. In the eastern state, John Haviland was famous for his Eastern State Penitentiary’s design. The concept of intimidation and horror were portrayed by the thirty-foot-high wall that separated inmates from the outside world. Each prisoner was held in a complete solitary confinement. Prisoners did not have any contact with other convicts, and guards were not allowed to communicate with prisoners. They were required to work while in their cell. They were also allowed to read the bible, but no other entertainment such as, letters, or magazines were permitted. In contrast, the western New York prisons, Auburn and Sing Sing, did not believe in solitary confinement unless for punishment or control. Unlike the eastern state penitentiary, inmates in the western prisons spend the majority of their times in the company of other inmates. However, no prisoner was allowed to speak to another prisoner. This rule of silence is one of the most important restrictions in the Auburn prisons. In Fact, Elam Lynds, warden of Auburn prison, believed “that convicts were cowards and dogs and ought to be treated accordingly” (Foster, 2005, p. 28). In an effort to cause humiliation, He also described inmates as a giant caterpillar with their stripped uniforms walking in silence while placing one hand on the shoulder of the men in front of them. Guards were instructed to use...
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...000 – Computer science, information, and general works • 000 Generalities • 001 Knowledge • 002 The book • 003 Systems • 004 Data processing and Computer science • 005 Computer programming, programs, data • 006 Special computer methods • 007 Not assigned or no longer used • 008 Not assigned or no longer used • 009 Not assigned or no longer used • 010 Bibliography • 011 Bibliographies • 012 Bibliographies of individuals • 013 Bibliographies of works by specific classes of authors • 014 Bibliographies of anonymous and pseudonymous works • 015 Bibliographies of works from specific places • 016 Bibliographies of works from specific subjects • 017 General subject catalogs • 018 Catalogs arranged by author & date • 019 Dictionary catalogs • 020 Library & information sciences • 021 Library relationships • 022 Administration of the physical plant • 023 Personnel administration • 024 Not assigned or no longer used • 025 Library operations • 026 Libraries for specific subjects • 027 General libraries • 028 Reading, use of other information media • 029 Not assigned or no longer used • 030 General encyclopedic works • 031 General encyclopedic works -- American • 032 General encyclopedic works in English • 033 General encyclopedic works in other Germanic languages • 034 General encyclopedic works in French, Provencal...
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...Introduction to Philosophy American Intercontinental University Philosophy ABSTRACT Throughout life, we deal with many day-to-day situations. Some come in forms of Mere Assertions, Circular Reasoning’s and Ad Hominem to name a few. If you ever knew what these terms mean. I will give a brief description and example of these meanings. There are nine different types of segmentations in philosophy that are used in the world today. The different segmentations are mere assertions, circular reasoning’s, ad hominem, red herring, pseudo questions, false cause, sweeping generalization, slippery slope and equivocation or changing meanings. These different segments play an essential role in our day-to-day environment. For instance, if you read in the newspaper that a crime was committed, that is an example of mere assertions. In society today, this phrase is heard repeatedly, “You do the crime, you pay the time.” This means that if you commit a crime you, will be punished to the extent of law. In some Middle Eastern countries, they cut your hand off for stealing. In the other parts of the world including the United States, you are innocent until proven guilty. They have to prove with a reasonable doubt that the individual committed the crime. This means that they have to provide evidence to the court showing that beyond a reasonable doubt that the individual was guilty of the crime. This is an example of mere assertions, if someone commits a crime you must have the...
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...Hypostatic union (from the Greek: ὑπόστασις hypóstasis, sediment, foundation, substance, or subsistence) is a technical term in Christian theology employed in mainstream Christology to describe the union of Christ's humanity and divinity in one hypostasis.[3] The First Council of Ephesus recognised this doctrine and affirmed its importance, stating that the humanity and divinity of Christ are made one according to nature and hypostasis in the Logos. Contents [hide] * 1 Hypostasis * 2 Through history * 3 See also * 4 References ------------------------------------------------- Hypostasis[edit] Main article: Hypostasis (philosophy) Hypostasis had come into use as a technical term prior to the Christological debates of the late fourth and fifth centuries. Before there were Christians, the word was used in Greek philosophy, primarily in Stoicism.[4][5] Hypostasis had some use in the New Testament that reflect the later, technical understanding of the word; especially Hebrews 1:3. Although it can be rendered literally as "substance" this has been a cause of some confusion[6] so it is now often translated "subsistence". It denotes an actual, concrete existence, in contrast with abstract categories such as Platonic ideals. ------------------------------------------------- Through history[edit] A series of articles on Christology | * Christ * Son of God • God the Son * Logos • Incarnation * Pre-existence of Christ * Person of Christ * Hypostatic...
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...Assignment 1: Business Analysis Abstract Alcatel Lucent Technologies is a builder of network base stations, towers, and end to end networks IP solutions for the construction of 3G/4G wire and wireless technologies. Alcatel-Lucent Technologies have unique research environment; Bell Labs. Employments benefits and multi-cultural environment are key merits at Alcatel-Lucent Technologies. Workforce reduction process and lack of strategic business decision are the main drawbacks of Alcatel-Lucent Technologies. With Nokia acquiring of Alcatel-Lucent Technologies, a new giant company is formed to better compete with infrastructure telecommunications as Cisco, and Ericson. Keywords: Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Labs, Business, Multi-cultural Assignment 1: Business Analysis Alcatel-Lucent is leading converged IP networking, ultra-broadband access, and could technologies company. On November 30, 2006, Alcatel-Lucent Technologies merge occurred by 25-billion-euro balance. It employed about 80,000 people worldwide and has annual revenue of about 16 billion euros. Alcatel-Lucent technologies combined two giant companies - Alcatel and Lucent Technologies. Lucent Technologies was spun off from AT&T while Alcatel parent company was CGE (la Compagnie Générale d’Electricité). Alcatel-Lucent Technologies Business Performance Three factors, either economic, social, or both, impacting the performance of the organization you selected Bell labs innovations have a unique research environment...
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...Born May 7, 1861, in Calcutta; died there Aug. 7, 1941. Indian writer and public figure. Son of Debendranath Tagore. Tagore studied in Calcutta, where in 1875 he published his first work, and at the University of London. While in England from 1878 to 1880, he continued to write in his native Bengali, the language he was to use in all his works. He also composed songs. A musical drama he wrote during this time, The Genius of Valmiki (1881), combined national Indian melodies with popular Irish tunes. Tagore’s collection of verse Evening Songs (1882) is marked by a preponderance of pantheistic motifs. Three later collections, Morning Songs (1883), Pictures and Songs (1884), and Sharps and Flats (1886), as well as a play, Nature’s Revenge (1884), reflect the author’s youthful optimism. Such optimism mingles with a strong condemnation of tyranny in the poem The Shores of Bibhi (1883) and the historical novel Raja the Sage (1885). Between 1884 and 1911, Tagore served as secretary of Brahmo Samaj, a religious reformative and educational society. Tagore created some of his best short stories in the 1890’s. In the same period he wrote the poem collections Manasi (1890) and The Golden Boat (1893), the poems The Gathering of the Harvest (1896) and The Grains (1899), and a cycle of philosophical plays beginning with Raja and Rani (1899). He also edited a socioliterary periodical, Shadhoda, in which he published most of his literary works, as well as articles on political, social, and literary...
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...dynasty collapsed in 1911, the inhabitants of the Mongolian plateau declared independence. Mongolians of Southern Mongolia south of the Gobi Desert also responded with excitement. However, the Chinese warlords, the successors of Jindandao, had built up substantial bases in the Southern Mongolian grasslands, and crashed the Mongolian attempt for independence with brute force. As a result, the Mongolians of Southern Mongolia were left in an uneasy coexistence with the Chinese colonizers. In 1917, the “gunshot of the Russian Revolution” was heard on the Mongolian plateau. An uprising among nomadic herders started in 1921, and certainly encouraged the intellectuals of Southern Mongolia. Bayantai (Bai Yun Ti, 1894-1980), a Mongolian from eastern Southern Mongolia’s Harchin tribe and a student at the “Mongol-Tibetan School in Beijing, gathered young Southern Mongolian elites and held the first meeting of the Southern Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party (SMPRP) in Kalgan, a city north of the Great Wall, on October 12, 1925 (see “Important Historical Facts”). Bayantai and Merse (also known as Guo Daofu, 1894-1934?) were among those elected to the Party Central Committee. Representatives of the Comintern and the government of the Mongolian People’s Republic (MPR) also attended. Anti-Chinese chauvinism, anti-imperialism, and anti-feudalism were formalized as guiding principles of the Southern Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party (Husel 2002, Atwood 2002). A 19-year old man named...
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...The Epistles to the Corinthians were written by the apostle Paul in the mid 50’s A.D. These were letters written to a church community that, according to the book of Acts, Paul had a hand in founding on an earlier journey (Acts 18:9). The epistles themselves speak much about the cultural, economic, and spiritual significance of this very heavily Roman influenced Greek city located on the Isthmus of Corinth. By examining the epistles and further historical source, the context and importance of first century Corinth will be explored. The city of Corinth as it is in the first century A.D. was founded as a Roman colony in 44 B.C. by the Emperor Julius Caesar. In just one century since it’s re-founding, Corinth had become a very cosmopolitan city through its strategic location that was conducive for trade, its large and very multicultural population, and the favor it had in the region as a colony of the mighty Roman Empire. When Corinth was resettled, the Roman Empire populated it with a diverse cross section of the cultures contained within the empire at the time. Italians and Greeks would be the primary colonists along with Hellenized Jews, but also among the settlers were freed Judean slaves and other middle-easterners. (Morris 18) This made for a melting pot of traditions, customs, and beliefs. And in conjunction with the economic promise of the city, this relative freedom and safety produced some interesting problems for the spiritual life of the Corinthian church that Paul...
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