... Autistic Spectrum Disorder Clinton T. Ashe Professor: Dr. Janice Spagenburg February18, 2013 AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS 2 Autism Spectrum Disorders Autism is a disorder that use to affect an estimated 3.4 out of every 1,000 children ages 3-10. And now research suggests that autism now affects 1 out of 110 children. These types of Disorders can cause disruption in families and unfulfilled lives for many children who have this disorder. Autism Spectrum Disorders range from a severe form which is called autistic disorder to a mild form known as Asperger syndrome. The risk for this disorder is higher for males than females. In 1942 while working at John Hopkins Hospital, Dr. Leo Kanner conducted a study with a group of 11 children and at the end of the study introduced the label of “early infantile autism” into the English language. During that same time frame and half way around the world, Dr. Hans Asperger described a lesser form of the disorder that became known as “asperger syndrome”. These two disorders have been described and are currently listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders as two out of five pervasive developmental disorders and are often referred to as autism spectrum disorders. These disorders are categorized by the variance in the degrees of impairment in communication skills, social...
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...What is Autism Spectrum Disorder? Michelle Murphy Adelphi University Abstract Autism spectrum disorder is the most rapidly growing developmental disorder in the United States, affecting 1 in every 88 children (Autism Speaks, 2012). The 1930s brought about the discovery of this disorder by Dr. Leo Kanner when he studied eleven children who possessed similar qualities that did not coincide with any known psychological disorders. Since Dr. Kanner’s initial research with Autism, many signs that he observed in the children he studied began to be noticed in many more children. The most common sign of Autism is an individual’s inability to communicate and express him or herself in the correct way. Furthermore, a lack of social skills, inability to speak, emotionless attitude, and obsessive behavior when performing certain tasks are common qualities seen amongst people with Autism (Wing, 2001.) These signs vary depending on the type of Autism the individual is diagnosed with. Autism is organized into five subcategories: Asperger’s Syndrome, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, Classic Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorder, and Rett’s Syndrome ("Autism community- Autism," 2010). Each of these subcategories help psychologists and researchers to better understand the form of Autism they are dealing with, and as a result provide more effective treatment methods in accordance with the individual’s diagnosis. Although a variety of treatment methods have been established to aid people...
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...Introduction Many children are faced with difficulties in holding attention and hyperactivity that may create issues for a child. These children may be diagnosed with a behavior disorder called Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, also commonly known as ADHD (Schuck, Emmerson, Fine, & Lakes 2013). Another behavior disorder that a child could face is autism, which affects not only overall functioning and social skills, but also communication and sensory issues (Berry, Borgi, Francia, Alleva, & Cirulli 2013). Both behavior disorders can affect a child’s daily life and create challenges. Past studies have shown improvements of symptoms through the use of canine therapy. Canine therapy is a type of therapy that uses certified therapy dogs...
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...Autism Do you believe that Autism may be caused by a specific thing? Is it possible that there is a specific gene that may be present in children that have been diagnosed with Autism, which may make them more vulnerable or likely to develop Autism? Maybe Autism can develop from a vaccine or from vaccine sensitivity? Scientific research has shown that there is no direct link between the two, however how else would you explain, an otherwise perfectly developing child one day, to a child who is withdrawn and completely different the next? Because the actual cause of Autism is not known, in this paper, I will explore some of the probable causes, the signs and symptoms, as well as the treatment options that are available to a family, which may suspect their child may be suffering from Autism. Autism is a developmental disorder that is diagnosed within the ages of 1-3. Children diagnosed with Autism are known to have social and communication disorders. The exact cause is unknown, but according to the Center for Disease Control, there are some suspected causes, which include, diet, digestive changes, mercury poisoning, and vaccine sensitivity. The rising number is not known if it is due to an actual rise in cases, or if it is because, it is now much easier to diagnose the disease. Autism does affect more boys than girls. There is no link between lifestyle, income levels or education to having a child with autism. (http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines). Studies show that some children do...
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...Student’s name Teacher’s name Course name Date The impact of immunization on the development of autism In recent years, a worldwide concern over immunization and its schedule has increased dramatically. The vaccine-autism hypothesis belongs to the most extensively debated theories related to the origins of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Critics of dangerous ingredients contained in vaccines designate that such preservatives may contribute to, or cause, a range of cognitive disorders in children. When administered at early age, immunization may seriously affect neurological and not completely developed immune systems. In contrast, both biological and epidemiological studies tend to contradict the vaccine-autism theory. Given this fact, it is of vital importance to thoroughly examine both sides of the coin and come to a reasonable conclusion. PECULIARITIES OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER Autism, or, more broadly, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), includes a number of complex cognitive and communicational disorders. According to Richard Lathe, the molecular biologist, autism is difficult to define (20). However, there exists a range of distinctive peculiarities, by which one can recognize ASD. Repetitive patterns of behavior, a withdrawal from social relatedness and interaction, and specific movement patterns characterize autism. The symptoms occur from early childhood, usually at age of 2-3 years, and affect daily functioning (Lathe 32). The diagnosis of ASD incorporates the evaluation...
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...Autism Autism is the most common condition in a list of developmental disorders known as the autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). People with autism may display impaired social interaction, problems with verbal and nonberbal communication, and unusual, repetitive, or severely limited activities and interests ("What is autism," 2011). As of today there is no official cure for autism but through education and training of parents most can have some sort of productive life. The word “autism” has been used for about 100 years comes from the Greek word “autos” meaning “self” (Nickolson, 2008). The term describes conditions in which a person is removed from social interaction or other words an “isolated self”. In 1911, Eugen Bleuler, a Swiss psychiatrist, was the first person to use the term autism. Austic children at one time thought or classified as schizophrenic as it was thought to be a behavioral issue. There are many key dates in the history of autism since 1911 and some more important than others. Here is a list of some of the important dates in the history of autism: * 1944 - Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger publishes his work on autistic symptoms, Autistic Psychopathy in Childhood. * 1964 - American psychologist Bernard Rimland writes in Infantile Autism: The Syndrom and Its Implications For a Neural Theory of Behavior that autism is a biological disorder. * 1967 - Bernard Rimland founds the Autism Research Institute ARI in San Diego. Bruno Bettelheim...
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...Autism Jennifer Van Puymbrouck ENGL 112, Composition DeVry University Autism, what is autism? Autism “is a complex neurobehavioral disorder that includes impairments in social interaction and developmental language and communication skills combined with rigid, repetitive behaviors” (WebMD). Autism spectrum disorder or ASD for short; is how the doctors are recognizing any child or adult that falls within the Autism category. Clearly we have a growing problem with ASD, it is estimated that “1 out of every 88 children” will be given a diagnosis of autism (Jaslow, 2014). Why instead of decreasing, are autism cases rising? Some say it due to the ways that doctors are able to diagnose autism, but I think there is a different cause. There is one thing that most children have in common and that is the immunizations that are given to most children from birth. Doctors have found that ASD affect boys more that girls and they are “almost five times more likely” to be diagnosed with some form of ASD then girls (Jaslow, 2014). There is enough evidence at present to say that the rise in autism cases can be linked to immunizations. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism can be defined by “a group of complex disorders of the brain development” and “has roots in very early brain development” (Autism Speaks, 2015). Children typically show some signs of autism between 2 to 3 years old. Some of the most common characteristics that most ASD patients display would include: difficulties...
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...Autism: Can It Be Seen By the Naked Eye? Sherry McAfee Effective Speaking Stark State College Topic: A person with Autism can be indistinguishable from a person without Autism. Introduction I. (Attention getter) What do Dan Aykroyd, Daryl Hannah, Mozart, James Durbin, Courtney Love, and Tim Burton have in common? They all have some form of Autism. II. (Specific purpose) Today I am going to inform you on a few things that may help you become more aware of Autism. Bringing awareness to Autism is the main focus of this speech. III. (Credibility) The credible resources I have found include, A. Interview with the parent of an Autistic child. (G. Bennevich, personal communication October 22, 2014). B. “What is Autism” (Autism Speaks, n.d.). C. “What is Autism and Autism Spectrum Disorder” (Achievement Centers for Children [ACC], 2014) D. “Autism Spectrum Disorder: Data and Statistics” (Centers for Disease Control [CDC], 2014) IV. (Preview) Today I will talk more in depth about the Signs, Statistics, and Support of Autism. (Transition: Although Autism can have a wide range of symptoms a child with Autism can be a huge asset to society.) Body l. Autism is a complex disorder of brain development according to Achievement Centers for Children, (2014). It has been found Autism is noticed around age two or three. A. The first thing I will talk about today is signs of Autism. 1. Health issues, difficulty sleeping, motor skills, attention...
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...An Extraordinary Specialty Explaining Autism Autism spectrum disorder is a very confusing and interesting disorder. Autism is a neurological disorder that affects behavioral, social, and communicational skills, and it is the most common developmental disorder (Yellow). The child may have trouble with communicational situations where they feel uncomfortable. Social would include any type of social situation whether it be walking through Walmart or in a small room. Behavioral issues can stem from specifically how the child behaves in general to how the child behaves when they are agitated or annoyed. It affects people of all different ages, is a lifelong disorder, and is currently incurable (Turquoise). Although the disorder has the name autism...
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...Autism Autism is one in a group of very many developmental problems called autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Within the first three years of a child’s life a doctor will be able to tell if a child is autistic by running special test to look at their communication, language and social skills. I chose to research autism due to the fact that it is so popular and interested me more than the other topics. Autism can be found in males and females of all ages rather it is a small case or large case simple things a child does can place them on the autism spectrum. In January of 2010 the national autistic society announced that the ratio of autistic kids between boys and girls is one to four. There are many interesting facts and characteristics of autism that the people of this day and age should be aware of because you never know when a child you interact with on daily bases may be autistic. The severity of autism in a child can vary from very serious to just a minor case, but all autism disorders affect a child’s ability to communicate, talk and their social skills. It can also make them act in unusual ways. They might flap their hands, say certain words over and over, have temper tantrums, or play with only one particular toy. Most kids with autism do not like a change in their regular routine; they like to stay on a repetitive schedule that does not involve different interactions with different people or different actions they have to take to compete the routine. They...
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...of a person on the autism spectrum” (“12 Inspiring Temple Grandin Quotes”). Dr. Temple Grandin is a miraculous person who has autism and helps to explain and showcase how autism does not have to drag an individual down butt can raise them up. Instead according to Oxford dictionaries autism is “A developmental disorder of variable severity that is characterized by difficulty in social interaction and communication and by restricted or repetitive patterns of thought and behavior” (“Autism”). Autism is not a disease, it is a developmental disability. That does not mean that the people that have autism are different in any way other than thinking in a different way. Everyone, no matter how they think, should...
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...Autism Kiara Mickens Comp/156 07/28/2013 Barbara Rowland Autism Autism may be manifest in infancy as impaired attachment, but it is more often identified in toddlers, mostly boys, from 18 to 30 months of age, in whom parents or pediatricians note an absence or delay of speech development and a lack of normal interest in others or a regression of early speech and sociability. (Rapin, 1991). Autism influences in such a way that it is difficult for people to understand someone who is autistic. Sometimes it is tricky to notice that a child is different from other children. There is a variety of signs to look for in a child when dealing with autism Three major signs of autism are no response to his/her name by the age of 12 months, avoiding eye contact, and repetitive movements One sign of autism in children is not responding by to his/her name by the age of 12 months. If it is noticeable when constantly calling a child’s name and they do not react or turn their head to answer, that’s a bit of a concern. Some parents usually consider something is wrong with their child’s hearing and that could very much be an issue but there is more to look for with autism. Also if noticing the child has no social interaction with other children that could be something to pay attention to. If the child has siblings and during play time he/she does not acknowledge the fact that there are others playing around them that is something else to look for. Usually a child, whom is autistic, typically...
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...Autism and Family 2 Autism is a complex developmental spectrum disorder that affects many different developmental levels. Most delays occur in the area of social communication. Autism is also described as a certain set of behaviors that affect each individual differently in a variety of different degrees with some being more severe than others(Hall, pg 1, 2013).The lack of a single identified cause for autism leaves much to be discovered in the field. Autism is also become more prevalent, especially in the United States. In the mid-90’s the prevalence rate of a child being diagnosed with autism was 1 in 10,000 to about 1 in 110 children in 2011 ( (Hall, pg 4, 2013). That statistic shows that the prevalence for autism has risen...
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...Learning about Autism Unit 9 Project Christie Peirce Kaplan University CM107-20 While watching certain movies like the Boy Who Could Fly or Dear John, audiences will start to slowly notice throughout these movies that some of the main characters in each of these movies start to show signs and symptoms of autism. In the Boy Who Could Fly, the main character Eric exhibited signs such as when he was removed from his home, he became frightened and violent towards others. Eric was guarded with others including his uncle. In Dear John, John’s father Bill Tyree, has an extreme attachment to coins, and has a daily routine and makes sure that if anything is out of place that it is put back as it was. Mr. Tyree also shows fear and panic when he agrees to go with his son to visit his son’s girlfriend’s family because it changed his routine, he makes them stop the car and turn around to go back home. Mr. Tyree showed difficulty communicating with everyone including his son, but opened up when talking about his coins. These are just a few examples of autistic behaviors. Autism is a social and communication impairment that can show up in the first three years of life. It is a physical condition that has been linked to biological and chemistry in the brain. The exact causes of this disease remain unknown to this day. However, there has been a lot of head way in this area of research. Scientists and doctors have discovered that autism seems to start in the brain during very...
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...Autistic children have a right to have an equal education as a child without a disorder. Public awareness of autism has increased, and more and more children are being identified as having ASD. Early diagnosis, treatments and positive behavioral support is needed for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Parents of autistic children need to have their children treated throughout the child’s life to ensure that they are getting all the help available to them. This will help the teachers have a better handle with the child to further the child’s education in the classroom and at home. Parent and teacher communication is the key to making the child have a better life. Autism is defined by the Autism Society of America (ASA) as: “Autism is a complex developmental disability that typically appears during the first three years of life and is the result of a neurological disorder that affects the normal functioning of the brain, impacting development in the areas of social interaction and communication skills” (Definition of Autism). Children with autism have problems with communication, both verbal and non-verbal, interacting socially, and activities including leisure and play. “Autism is one of five disorders that fall under the umbrella of Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD), a category of neurological disorders characterized by several and pervasive impairment in several areas of development” (Autism Defined). The majority of the signs of...
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