... | Australia | Lesotho | Life expectancy at birth (years) | 81.9 | 45.9 | Internet users per 100 people | 70.8 | 3.6 | GDP per capita ($US) | $40,286 | $1,605 | Inequality-adjusted income index | 0.720 | 0.234 | Death of women per 100,000 live births | 4 | 960 | Protected areas (%) | 10.5 | 0.5 | Homicide Rate (per 100,000) | 1.2 | 36.7 | HDI value | 0.937 | 0.427 | By comparing Australia and Lesotho, it is easy to determine which of the two the developed country is and which is the developing. It is very noticeable that there is a significant difference in the two countries. You can see this in the GDP per capita, the life expectancy at birth, and as well the death of women while pregnant and as well the number of internet users per 100 people. Seeing the huge difference in GDP per capita ($US) indicates how rich the country is. Basically everything depends on the GDP per capita. For instance, health, technology and standard of living. Seeing that Australia has a relatively high GDP per capita, being $40,286, it shows that Australia has a high standard of living and can provide all the basic necessities to the population where as in Lesotho; the GDP per capita is $ 1,605. Lesotho has a weak GDP and therefore indicates that there is not enough money to provide the population with the basics to sustain life. The life expectancy at birth is significantly different between Australia and Lesotho. Being measured in years, Australia has a life expectancy of...
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...It would be difficult to disagree that for one of the smaller representing populations in Australia, Indigenous Australians are at disadvantage in many areas. Areas ranging from employment, housing, justice and education among many more. There have been innumerable efforts at overcoming the disadvantages Aboriginal people have to face. For the purposes of this Essay, literature will be discussed in addressing the social inequality and disadvantage of indigenous people in relation to refining the gap in life expectancy (as a social-economic indicator) and what essential elements need to be considered for the process to work successfully. There are contending ideas in relevant literature as to what is the cause for the life expectancy gap between Indigenous and non-indigenous Australians, which also gives dissimilar arguments as to how to address the issue, with one side taking a view of longevity and the other a holistic method. It is argued that Indigenous Australians health inequalities could be narrowed with the improvement of the differences in health service access, provision and use. As the inabilities gain adequate health care due to, distance, cultural and availability barriers, thus leading to indigenous health problems being constant and prolonged (Healey 2002). However Eades of the of the Indigenous health research unit (2000, p.468) argues ‘that a complete tactic to improving the health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders involves understanding the close relationships...
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...com Health Status and Health Care Services in (Australia) With comparison to the United States HSM310 Introduction to Health Services Management Course Project Date submitted: 04/17/2011 ------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………………. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Population and Health Status………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Demographic characteristics of population Life Expectancy, mortality data, causes of death Health Status Availability of Health Services Health care Providers Issues related to access of Health Care Expenditures Health services Expenditure & Financing………………………………………………………………………… Roles of the government Macro environmental influences on the health care system Political Socioeconomic Cultural Technological/Other relevant influences Summary Bibliography Executive Summary Australians have among the highest life expectancy in the world, and most have ready access to comprehensive health care of a high standard. The primarily tax-funded health system achieves reasonably cost-effective health care and good health outcomes and generally enjoys public support. Australia has a federal form of government with fiscal and functional responsibilities divided between the Australian Government and the six States and two Territories. Australia is a generally prosperous country with gross domestic...
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...report also provides insight into the financial concerns, needs, habits and expectations of employees in each of these five countries. In this article they studied the trends of Australia, India, Mexico, The United Kingdom and Brazil. It is using these five countries a representative sample of different economic and workplace environments. The markets have been divided into two categories: Australia and The United Kingdom are mature, industrialized markets. Brazil, India, and Mexico are high-growth emerging markets, similar to Russia and China. In the two mature markets of Australia and The United Kingdom pension plans are very different. For example, Australia has a pension plan dictated by the government, which requires contributions both from employers and employees. In the U.K., private companies provided pension plans with little to nothing government contribution compared to the other developed countries. In these un-and-coming three countries there is a high level of financial anxiety due to the crisis of 2008-2009, accompanied by the lack of preparation to meet long term fiscal health issues. These three countries combined total population amounting to 1.5 billion, makes them a big concern for the global economy. In a chart in the article, high-growth markets main financial concerns and work/life goals of employees are having enough money to pay bills, while the United Kingdom main...
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...Health Organisation 2015). A large percentage of the social determinants listed by the World Health Organisation affect the indigenous community in Australia in many of their current circumstances. This...
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...2nd Assignment Explain the importance of education and training and health to the indigenous community of Australia. What is the evidence on closing the gap in these areas with the non indigenous community? Assess the implications of your results for employment, income and hence the standard of living? Introduction It is very important to provide better education training and health facilities to the indigenous community of Australia for the prosperous economy of the country. These are the fundamental elements to get higher productivity, to create more employment opportunity following by the higher income level with higher HDI of the country. It is important to share in the prosperity of the nation. Providing Indigenous Australians with...
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...The Northern Territory Intervention and Closing the Gap Initiative: A Comparative Review Introduction The Northern Territory Intervention and the Closing the Gap Initiative are two Federal Government policies that are designed to end the disparity between the health of Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. There are limited similarities between these two policies, however many differences, including the involvement of the Indigenous community in the creation and management of the policies and the aims of the policies; the effectiveness of these policies has been attributed to the level of involvement within the Indigenous community. The Northern Territory Emergency Response The Northern Territory Intervention was implemented in June 2007 in order to protect Aboriginal children from sexual abuse; this involved heavy regulation of the community member’s lives, and many people did not approve. The Intervention program was initiated in response to allegations of sexual abuse in Aboriginal communities during August 2006; this prompted an enquiry into methods to protect children, and on the 15th of June 2007, the “Little Children are Sacred” report was released (Calma, 2008). Following this, the federal government created a policy in the Northern Territory on the 23rd June 2007 called the Northern Territory Emergency Response, also labelled as “The Intervention” (Calma, 2008). The changes that were implemented in this Intervention policy include the removal of the permit...
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...Life Expectancy To understand the many ways of life expectancy you have to understand the social determinants that makes an individual live longer it may be due to their gender, region or location, their eating habits, all the way to their income. According to World Health Organization people are actually living longer than the expected rate, based on global averages, a girl who was born in 2012 can expect to live to around 73 years, and a boy to the age of 68. This is six years longer than the average global life expectancy for a child born in 1990. Typically a woman lives longer than a man. Women in Japan have the longest life expectancy in the world at 87 years, followed by Spain, Switzerland and Singapore. Female life expectancy in all the top 10 countries was 84 years or longer. Life expectancy among men is 80 years or more in nine countries, with the longest male life expectancy in Iceland, Switzerland and Australia. Income and the location of an individual can set there life expectancy to be longer or shorter due to resources. For instance, a male in the USA may be able to live longer compared to a man who may live in South Africa due to the simple fact of healthcare whereas here in America medical services are not hard to come by but in South Africa they may not even have medical services to provide. Life expectancy varies for each country and it’s different due to the way that people live and take care of their...
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...assist people develop a stronger immune system to help prevent some disease and medical technology has progress and people can now live longer than they ever had before. Unfortunately there is still a gap between the life expectancy of an Aboriginal Australian and a non-Aboriginal Australian. In 2010-2012 the average life expectancy for Indigenous Australian male and females were 69.1 and 73.7 while for non-indigenous Australians it was higher, 79.7 for males and 83.1 for females (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2013). This is similar in other indigenous cultures across the world, the United Nations declaration on the rights of Indigenous Peoples makes mention of the health of Indigenous Peoples right to health care “Indigenous individuals have an equal right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. States shall take the necessary steps with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of this right” (United Nations, 2007). What is the Australian government doing to assist the Indigenous Australian population to achieve and attain a longer life expectancy like the non-indigenous population? In 2008 the Council of Australian Governments set targets in the National Indigenous Reform Agreement to “close the gap in life...
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...Sose information: Article 1 http://www.skwirk.com/p-c_s-14_u-127_t-348_c-1204/life-for-the-working-class/nsw/life-for-the-working-class/australia-to-1914/life-in-australia-at-the-turn-of-the-century Introduction Much progress was being made at the turn of the century, with the motor car appearing in the street and electric lights starting to replace candles or kerosene and gas lamps. For the working class, however, who were unable to afford these new technological luxuries, their difficult lives went on just the same as they had before. Work For working-class Australians at the turn of the century, there was almost no time for anything other than work because their lives revolved around their jobs. Many men felt pressured to work because of the popular belief that the man should be the 'breadwinner' (the person responsible for supporting the family). Women and children from poor families also had to seek employment because a single wage was often not enough to provide for the entire family. They usually had to work exceptionally long hours, in poor conditions and received little pay in return. Awards, such as the four weeks annual leave that Australian workers are entitled to today, were inconceivable at the turn of the century. (For more detail, refer to Chapter 1: Life and Working Conditions) Housing The housing of the working class was dangerous, unsanitary and overcrowded. At the turn of the century, the size of the average family was much larger than it is today...
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...How have social policies and changes to the Australian welfare state affected the aged population. In 1901 just 4.0% of the Australian population were older people and after two decades this has increased to 6.4%. In 2011 the aged population continued to increase and reached 14%. The Australian Bureau of Statistics (Abs.gov.au, 2012) indicates that since the baby boomers are now becoming old, there has been a decrease in fertility rates and an increase in life expectancy. The population of people over 65 years has continued to increase and it is predicted that it will continue to increase for the next 50 years. As people become older they are more susceptible to becoming sick and in need of government benefits. Since there is a major growth in the percentage of older people there have been major concerns that this will place more stress on our economic, social and health resources. (Jamrozik, 2009) explains that a social policy is intended to increase the standard of living and provide access to services through the means of sharing society’s resources. A wide range of social policies have been introduced in the last 20 years to support our aging population. Our Government provides income support and various concessions for those eligible (Humanservices.gov.au, 2014). As people retire they are no longer able to earn income and are in need of this income security in order to survive. A person to be eligible for this type of support depends on their income, assets and age...
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...globalisation Globalisation has largely benefited the Australian economy. Australia has an abundance of natural resources that our population of 20 million people cannot use, therefore we sell the surplus to other countries that have a demand for the resources, giving us a world market of over 6.5 billion people. Australia's main exports have come from our primary industry, that is, raw materials such as minerals and produce. Our primary industry accounts for approximately 50 percent of our exports and includes coal, uranium, and iron ore as well as other minerals; cereal, such as wheat and rice; and meat and animal products, such as beef and wool. The other 50 percent of our exports are secondary goods and tertiary services. Secondary goods are those that have been processed or manufactured, such as machinery and food products, while tertiary exports are services, including education and tourism. See image 2 Australia imports a number of primary, secondary and tertiary products and services. Crude petroleum makes up the bulk of the primary imports, while computers and cars make up the majority of the secondary goods we import. Most of our tertiary imports are travel-related, including travel, transportation and insurance. See image 3 Importation has negatively affected some local industries. The hardest hit industries are secondary, such as manufacturing, because the cost of labour in Australia is quite high due to our higher standard of living compared to other countries...
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...Explain how the rapid development of electronic communication and technology as globalising processes has impacted upon the standards of health care delivery in Australia. Back in the 18th and 19th Century there were no agreed standards for record keeping or even the requirements to keep them. Medical records were written on paper and kept in folders. Papers would get lost or misplaced and there were no secure way of storing records. Today technology is a critical ingredient in the health care industry. It is an important tool for the organisation and functionality. All health services consists of human interaction and the application of technology. With the introduction of computers in the 1970’s health services have benefited greatly. By transferring all documents from paper to electronic it has greatly improved the functionality, organisation and it also assists with managing the effectiveness of a safe and efficient work place. Not only has it dramatically changed they way we record, store, access or communicate information but it is quick and easily accessible making it more time efficient. With the improvements and break throughs of technology, health care professionals are able to access a wide range of resources and information thanks to the introduction of the Internet in the early 1990’s. Now in 2015 globalisation allows the transmission of knowledge at a much greater pace than in the past. The first iPhone was released in 2007 and they have been the standards...
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...father has passed away because of heart attack. The reason is He did not really care about his health condition; he smokes and eats everything that he wants. I think in Indonesia, people in the country side are healthier because of their good lifestyle diet. They eat food from their farm which is more natural and no junk foods. Besides, the environment is better than city which is many trees and fewer vehicles if we compare with city which is full of pollutions. For Australia, I know about their culture and lifestyle roughly. I can see that many people have party during weekend and some people do every night in a week in which way they drink alcohol and worse thing is they have a free-sex lifestyle. However, if I compare the health care systems between Indonesia and Australia, it is very difference. In Australia, there are two health care systems which are public and private and I think the quality of health provided is high in both sectors (Willis, 2009). Moreover, there are many volunteers in Australia from any aged willing to look after people in the rural areas....
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