...INTRODUCTION ❖ The power sector in India is mainly controlled by the Government of India’s Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs), have 31.34% (54412.63MW) of total installed capacity of 173626.40 MW (as on 31/03/2011) in India is being produced by them. ❖ Major PSUs involved in the generation of electricity include National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC) National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC), and Nuclear Power Corporation of India (NPCIL). ❖ Besides PSUs, several state-level corporations are there which accounts for about 47.49% of overall generation, such as Jharkhand State Electricity Board (JSEB), Maharashtra State Electricity Board (MSEB), Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB), etc. are also involved in the generation and intra-state distribution of electricity. ❖ Other than PSUs and state level corporations, private sector enterprises also play a major role in generation, transmission and distribution, about 21.17% (36761.19MW) of total installed capacity is generated by private sector. ❖ The Power Grid Corporation of India is responsible for the inter-state transmission of electricity and the development of national grid. ❖ India is world’s 6th largest energy consumer, accounting for 3.4% of global energy consumption. ❖ Due to India’s economic rise, the demand for energy has grown at an average of 3.6% per annum over the past 30 years. ❖ At the end of Oct. 2010, the installed power generation capacity of India stood at 171926...
Words: 3128 - Pages: 13
...other words, EGC, along with other nationalised industries is a non-profit making organisation. This, the Government claimed at the time, would enable prices charged to the final consumer to be kept low. Industry structure EGC operates 12 coal fired power stations across the country and transmits electricity through an integrated national grid system which it manages and controls. It is organised into three regions, Northern, Eastern and Western. Each region generates electricity which is sold to 10 private sector electricity distribution companies which are EGC's only customers. The 10 distribution companies are the suppliers of electricity to final users including households and industry within the country and are not under the management or control of EGC. They are completely independent companies owned by shareholders. The three EGC regions transmit the electricity they generate into the national grid system. A shortage of electricity generation in one region can be made up by taking from the national grid. This is particularly important when there is a national emergency, such as exceptional weather conditions. However, there have been times when EGC has not been able to fully satisfy demand and this has led to power cuts. The charges for electricity...
Words: 6626 - Pages: 27
...shareholder’s equity drops, Net financial position falls rapidly, then rises before falling again. Strategic Plan: 1. Focus on major, integrated complex projects and the development within this of niche operations such as offshore wind turbines, industrial construction and modular construction. 2. Improve operational excellence 3. Export expertise gained in major integrated complex projects Strategic Focus: * Public-private partnership projects. * Growth in small-scale smart plants, biomass plants, nuclear power stations, sustainable energy, maintenance and renewal, cooling water systems, geothermal technology * Off-shore Wind turbines – well placed to achieve growth and reduce costs * International Projects: bridges, hospitals, expansions – Surinam, Curacao * Use Secondary raw materials instead of primary raw materials * Reuse materials after cleaning * Clear out incineration ash from power plants. * Use Water power plant & alternative fuels Prospects for 2014: * Rise in demand for major integrated complex projects....
Words: 271 - Pages: 2
...MAV introduction A Nuclear power plant is a thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor, the heat is used to generate steam which drives a steam turbine connected to a generator, and this produces electricity. Nuclear power plants are many different sizes and many sites have multiple units. Most of the new units are between 1000 and 1700 Mw electric. A good thumb-rule is 1000 Mw = 1 million homes Nuclear power stations use a fuel called uranium, a relatively common material of which Energy is released from when an atom is split by a neutron. The uranium atom splits into two which releases energy in the form of radiation and heat. We call this nuclear reaction the ‘fission process’. The uranium is first formed into pellets and then into long rods in a nuclear power station which are then kept cool by submerging them in water. When removed from the water a nuclear reaction takes place causing heat. In a nuclear power station the uranium is first formed into pellets and then into long rods. The amount of heat required is controlled by raising and lowering the rods. If more heat is required the rods are raised further out of the water and if less is needed they lower further into it. Advantages: The amount of electricity produced in a nuclear power station is equivalent to that produced by a fossil fuelled power station. Nuclear power stations do not burn fossil fuels to produce electricity and they do not produce damaging, polluting...
Words: 668 - Pages: 3
...Opposition to nuclear power stations in Germany was generated by widespread agreement that nuclear power was not in the best interests if Germany society. This is reflected in legislation. However, if a significant proportion of Germany’s electricity supply is sourced from France – in particular, from nuclear power stations that are situated close to the German border – are there moral issues, or is this simply a cruel irony? Answer: By giving up nuclear power at this period of time would mean that Germany would have to rely heavily on non-renewable resources, such as coal, and on buying electricity from France. The electricity produced by France is mostly from their nuclear power stations, which are situated close to the German border. If we look back at the Chernobyl disaster, not only parts of Ukraine were affected but many parts of Belarus were affected too. So, if there happened to be a nuclear station accident in France, then, Germany would be affected too. Therefore, in my opinion, Germany has made the decision to quit from nuclear power too early as mentioned by the president of Germany, Ralf Gueldner, "A quick and rash exit from German nuclear power would raise costs for the whole economy, make us miss climate goals, raise our reliance on fossil fuels and make our power supply less secure, meaning more power imports and problems with network stability," (Pidd, 2011). The operating standards in French nuclear power stations are not necessarily those that would apply...
Words: 339 - Pages: 2
...Public Attitudes to Nuclear Power and Climate Change in Britain Two Years after the Fukushima Accident Summary findings of a survey conducted in March 2013 Wouter Poortinga, Nick F. Pidgeon, Stuart Capstick, and Midori Aoyagi Working Paper 19 September 2013: REF UKERC/WP/ES/2013/006 This document has been prepared to enable results of on-going work to be made available rapidly. It has not been subject to review and approval, and does not have the authority of a full Research Report. 1 T H E U K E N E R G Y R E S E A R C H C E N T R E carries out world-class research into sustainable future energy systems. It is the hub of UK energy research and the gateway between the UK and the international energy research communities. Our interdisciplinary, whole systems research informs UK policy development and research strategy. Contact Details Dr Wouter Poortinga Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University Bute Building, King Edward VII Avenue Cardiff, Wales, UK, CF10 3NB Prof Nick F. Pidgeon, Dr Stuart Capstick Understanding Risk Research Group School of Psychology, Cardiff University 51 Park Place Cardiff, Wales, UK, CF10 3AT Dr Midori Aoyagi Social and Environmental Systems Research Center, National Institute for Environmental studies (NIES), 16-2, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan PoortingaW@cardiff.ac.uk PidgeonN@cardiff.ac.uk CapstickSB@cardiff.ac.uk Aoyagi@nies.go.jp 2 Contents Acknowledgements ...........................................................................
Words: 12471 - Pages: 50
...Ph.D. ENR 2100 July 10th , 2015 Nuclear Legacy 1.a) United States in New conducted the first nuclear test in Mexico just south of the Los Alamos National Laboratory in 1945 (Lower and Lower). When the Cold War broke out shortly after the United States used their bombs on Japan, Russia spent all their energy on trying to overtake the United States in the arms race. By 1961, the Russians have taken the lead. At that time, the United States were capable of advanced targeting methods for their nuclear arsenal. To compensate, the Russians chose to widen the area of their nuclear bomb’s effectivity. There is a a 50-60 megaton Soviet atomic bomb codenamed Tsar to get the culmination of this competition (Lower and Lower). 1.b) A New York Times article titled Obama’s Youth Shaped His Nuclear-Free Vision reads, to achieve the goal of global denuclearization for Mr. Obama is very crucial. (Broad and Sanger A1). He thought that it is too naive to keep developing the advanced nuclear weapons in order to stop the countries like Iran and North Krean. The most powerful man in the world having this kind of opinion is a great step towards the stoppage of production of nuclear weapons. This, however, looks like it’s the most that can be done right now with nuclear weapons. Nuclear testing sites such as Los Alamos National Laboratory fields and the Novaya Zemlya are still largely left deserted. When it comes to cleaning up of ecosystems affected by nuclear waste, it seems like Russia and the...
Words: 1622 - Pages: 7
...What is the Bullwhip Effect? The bullwhip effect is the magnification of demand fluctuations, not the magnification of demand. The bullwhip effect is evident in a supply chain when demand increases and decreases. The effect is that these increases and decreases are exaggerated up the supply chain. The essence of the bullwhip effect is that orders to suppliers tend to have larger variance than sales to the buyer. The more chains in the supply chain the more complex this issue becomes. This distortion of demand is amplified the farther demand is passed up the supply chain. Proctor & Gamble coined the term “bullwhip effect” by studying the demand fluctuations for Pampers (disposable diapers). This is a classic example of a product with very little consumer demand fluctuation. P&G observed that distributor orders to the factory varied far more than the preceding retail demand. P & G orders to their material suppliers fluctuated even more. Babies use diapers at a very predictable rate, and retail sales resemble this fact. Information is readily available concerning the number of babies in all stages of diaper wearing. Even so P&G observed that this product with uniform demand created a wave of changes up the supply chain due to very minor changes in demand. EXPLAINATION OF THE BULLWHIP EFFECT The graphical representations above show the bullwhip effect between two supply chain partners. It can be seen that the Distributor orders to the factory experience demand fluctuate far...
Words: 1895 - Pages: 8
...SRATEGIC MEMO INTERIM REPORT ON KARNATAKA POWER TRANSMISSION CORPORATION LIMITED (KPTCL) By, Suma Ragupathi (10050) Sunil M (10051) Swathy Swaminathan (10053) Thirtha (10055) Gunjan Modi (10078) Sarita G. Krishnan (10103) GROUP B2 : NAPOLEON | TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. HISTORY 3 1.1 Power Generation and Transmission in Karnataka State 3 1.2 Re-structuring of KEB into KPTCL 4 2. VISION AND MISSION 5 2.1 Vision 5 2.2 Mission 5 3. ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS 6 3.1 Political situation in Karnataka 6 3.2 Economic situation in Karnataka 6 3.3 Social situation in Karnataka 7 3.4 Technological innovations in power sector 7 4. INDUSTRY ANALYSIS 9 4.1 Current Scenario 9 4.2 Challenges and Risks 9 5. SWOT ANALYSIS of KPTCL 11 5.1 Strengths 11 5.2 Weaknesses: 11 5.3 Opportunities 12 5.4 Threats 12 6. KPTCL’s CURRENT SITUATION 13 6.1 Demand-Supply Status 13 6.2 Present Karnataka State Power Scenario 14 6.3 Financial Position of ESCOMS 15 6.4 Energy Sufficiency – Capacity Addition 15 7. DELIVERABLES FOR THE FULL REPORT 16 KARNATAKA POWER TRANSMISSION CORPORATION LIMITED (KPTCL) 1. HISTORY 1.1 Power Generation and Transmission in Karnataka State The erstwhile Mysore State had the enviable and glorious position of...
Words: 3057 - Pages: 13
...To whom it may concern, I write to you today to say that nuclear is the way to go, not only is it beneficial to the environment, but it will completely stop black outs. The only down side is the nuclear waste but I have researched methods of disposing the radioactive matter. South Australia currently have two coal power stations, ten gas turbines, two thermal gas stations, two reciprocating gas stations, one hydroelectricity and eleven wind farms. A few large nuclear power plants would help lower Australia’s green house emissions, and also stop black outs. As for the radioactive waste new storage designs which are 9 inches thick and are covered with shuttle tiles, this may allow the waste to be shot into the sun, removing it forever. Two other ways used are geological disposal (which is basically find extremely deep tunnels e.g. Old mines and just dumping it there) or deep water dumping (dumping in the ocean sealed in containers). The waste could also be used in making weapons of mass destruction, which would greatly help us during war and would also make other countries scared of us. I hope upon making your decision you consider my points and views. To whom it may concern, Australia should not even be considering nuclear power as the way of the future, there are much safer and greener for the environment over all (as in construction and waste) such as wind farms, solar power or geothermal. Geothermal is low cost, use a small amount of energy to run and does not produce...
Words: 475 - Pages: 2
...How realistic is it for the UK government to think nuclear power has a role to play in plugging the energy gap? Introduction In recent years there has been much debate about the energy gap in the UK. According to Black (2005) the “energy gap” is the shortfall of fossil oil, natural gas and other fossil fuels, and this phenomenon is due to there is an increase trend for the need of fuels in Britain. However, we must face the phenomenon that fossil fuels will run out in the near future. Due to this energy gap, we need to look for alternative sources of energy, and the UK government wants to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, so they believe that nuclear power can close the energy gap. However, critics have pointed out the dangers of using nuclear power. This report will examine how realistic the UK government is being in believing that nuclear power can successfully close the energy gap. It will begin with a literature review highlighting the main advantages and disadvantages of using nuclear power. Next the key issues will be analysed and discuss. Finally, a conclusion will be drawn. Literature Review One of the main arguments in favour of using nuclear power to close the UK energy gap is that are 70 per cent of our low-carbon electricity comes from nuclear energy in UK. (Nuclear Industry Association, 2012) In addition, the Nuclear Industry Association (2012) have showed the nuclear stations reduce 7% to 14% of greenhouse gas emissions in the UK, and...
Words: 913 - Pages: 4
...Why nuclear power will never supply the world's energy needs Nuclear power plant in Dukovany, Czech Republic. Image credit: Petr Adamek. (PhysOrg.com) -- The 440 commercial nuclear reactors in use worldwide are currently helping to minimize our consumption of fossil fuels, but how much bigger can nuclear power get? In an analysis to be published in a future issue of the Proceedings of the IEEE, Derek Abbott, Professor of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the University of Adelaide in Australia, has concluded that nuclear power cannot be globally scaled to supply the worlds energy needs for numerous reasons. The results suggest that were likely better off investing in other energy solutions that are truly scalable. As Abbott notes in his study, global power consumption today is about 15 terawatts (TW). Currently, the global nuclear power supply capacity is only 375 gigawatts (GW). In order to examine the large-scale limits of nuclear power, Abbott estimates that to supply 15 TW with nuclear only, we would need about 15,000 nuclear reactors. In his analysis, Abbott explores the consequences of building, operating, and decommissioning 15,000 reactors on the Earth, looking at factors such as the amount of land required, radioactive waste, accident rate, risk of proliferation into weapons, uranium abundance and extraction, and the exotic metals used to build the reactors themselves. "A nuclear power station is resource-hungry and, apart from the fuel, uses many...
Words: 1482 - Pages: 6
... | TOPIC | Page No. | 1 | GENERATION | 3 | 2 | SOME USEFUL TERMS | 3 | 3 | HYDRO POWER PLANT | 4 | 4 | THERMAL POWER PLANT | 6 | 5 | NUCLEAR POWER PLANT | 7 | 6 | RENEWABLE ENERGY BASED POWER | 8 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8 HVDC 11 9 TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 12 10 TRANSMISSION LINES 12 11 TRANSMISSION SUB-STATIONS 13 12 EQUIPMENTS IN A SUB-STATION 14 13 OPERATION OF CIRCUIT BREAKER AND ISOLATOR 18 14 GROWTH OF TRANSMISSION SECTOR IN INDIA 18 15 HOW DOES POWER SYSTEM WORK? 21 16 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 22 17 CONCLUSION 22 18 REFERENCES 23 GENERATION In the generation station, the production of electricity is carried out. A generating system has two basic components, a turbine, which produces rotary motion and a generator, which convert s the rotational energy into electrical energy. A generator has ‘rotor’ which is rotated by a turbine and a ‘stator’ which has the sets of coils in which electricity is generated when the rotor rotates. The difference between various modes of production lies in the techniques used to generate steam, which in turn will rotate the turbine. Based on various modes of rotating the turbine, we can classify the modes of power generation in broadly four categories 1. Hydro Power Plant 2. Thermal Power Plant 3. Nuclear Power Plant 4. Renewable energy based Power Plants Before discussing the various types...
Words: 1860 - Pages: 8
...1. Excusive Summary On March 11, 2011 the unpredicted earthquake and tsunami caused serious nuclear accident in Japan. However, it was triggered by unexpected natural disaster, the accident can be avoided if there exist a sound risk management cycle to identify the risks within this project and put a risk management plan in place. What’s more, the influence of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster would be reduced through proper crisis management procedures. There are three major key risk issues findings about the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. The first one is risk identification problems in risk management cycle. The second risk issue is failure in avoiding crisis. The last point discusses communication problems in containing crisis. The damages can be reduced and the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster can be avoided if TEPCO management make further research in risk identification process, spend more effort in avoiding crisis rather than only focus on profit generating activities. When the crisis happened properly communicate with government and ensure information transparency help protect the public images of the firm, After in depth research about the case of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster and compare with Three Mile Island nuclear power plant accidents. This report draws lessons from the cases and provides several recommendations for the Fukushima Daiichi and the Japanese government. , 2. Introduction and Aims There are numerous business risks and the...
Words: 3223 - Pages: 13
...Nuclear Power Professor: Dr. Timothy Scott Class: Senior Seminar – Environmental Ethics Date: June 9, 2010 By: CT Nguyen History The first successful experiment with nuclear fission was conducted in 1938 in Berlin by the German physicists Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner and Fritz Strassman. During the Second World War, many nations get on the program to develop nuclear energy, focusing first on the development of nuclear reactors. Several nations began their own construction of nuclear reactors at this point,, although research was also being conducted into the use for civilian electricity generation , primarily research was for weapons use. Electricity was generated for the first time by a nuclear reactor on December 20, 1951 at the EBR-I experimental fast breeder station near Arco, Idaho, which initially produced about 100 kW. December 1953, a speech by President Dwight Eisenhower, "Atoms for Peace", set the US on a course of strong government support for the international use of nuclear power. On June 27, 1954, the world's first nuclear power plant that generated electricity for commercial use was officially connected to the Soviet power grid at Obninsk, USSR. The reactor was moderated; water cooled and had a capacity of 5 megawatts (MW). The second reactor for commercial purposes (1956) was Calder Hall in Sellafield, England, a gas-cooled reactor with a capacity of 45 MW. The Shippingport Reactor (Pennsylvania, 1957), a pressurised-water reactor, was the first...
Words: 1791 - Pages: 8