...PREVENCIÓN DE LA OBESIDAD EN CHILE THE PREVENTION OF OBESITY IN CHILE Fernando Vio D. Área de Nutrición Pública. Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile,Santiago, Chile. Dirección para Correspondencia : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- RESUMEN Se describen los cambios epidemiológicos y nutricionales que ha tenido Chile en las últimas décadas, especialmente relacionados con la dieta y sedentarismo, lo que ha llevado a un aumento explosivo de la obesidad a niveles semejantes a los Estados Unidos. Frente a esta situación, se plantea la necesidad de desarrollar una Política de Estado en Promoción de Salud a través de VIDA CHILE, y en el caso específico de la alimentación y nutrición, seguir los lineamientos que ha dado la OMS y la FAO frente al tema Dieta, Nutrición y la Prevención de las Enfermedades Crónicas no Transmisibles. Palabras claves: transición epidemiológica y nutricional, prevención de la obesidad, promoción de salud, dieta, nutrición, enfermedades crónicas. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT The epidemiologic and nutritional changes that have occurred in Chile in the last decades are described, in particular related to diet and sedentarism, with the consequence of an explosive increase in obesity, similar to United States levels. To cope with this situation it is necessary a State Policy in...
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...TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................... 02 2. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK............................................................................ 02 3. GLOBALIZATION OF FOOD SYSTEMS IN CONTEXT................................ 03 a. Urbanization.................................................................................................. 03 b. Economics, health and education................................................................. 04 c. Employment................................................................................................... 05 d. Technology and facilitating mechanisms..................................................... 06 4. CHANGES IN DIETARY PATTERNS ............................................................... 07 a. Dietary convergence ..................................................................................... 07 b. Dietary adaptation ....................................................................................... 08 i. Lifestyle changes and adaptation of meal patterns........................... 08 ii. Street foods......................................................................................... 09 iii. Supermarkets .............................................................................
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...the first country in the world with obesity problems. The growth rates of obesity have increased from 10% to 20% in children, 30% to 40% in adolescents and 60% to 70% in adults. One cause of the increase in obesity in children is the change in eating habits, which include a high intake of calories, refined carbohydrates and sodas. While Grupo Bimbo has a set of values that focus on the person and maintains an active agenda of social responsibility among which include caring for the environment and supporting the community, the nature of most products Bimbo are among those that contribute significantly to obesity, especially in children way. This places Bimbo in a difficult situation, because on one hand the Group has a strategy of growth with social responsibility, but the effect on the health of the population through the consumption of their products placed in a contradiction Bimbo The second problem that arises is to continue its growth in new markets such as China. This represents a challenge because although Daiel Servitje's have no doubt that the internationalization of Bimbo is part of its strategic growth, this can not be at the cost of sacrificing the values and principles implemented by their predecessors. How could Bimbo resolve this contradiction without compromising growth of the company? Solution to Case Grupo Bimbo is an ethical conflict of marketing due to an increase in sales can mean an increase in obesity rates, especially in children and adolescents...
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...Novak, N. L., & Brownell, K. D. (2012). Role of Policy and Government in the Obesity Epidemic. Circulation, 126(19), 2345-2352. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.111.037929 This article shows that obesity is the top priority of public health in the United States. Reducing obesity requires changing policies to improve the food and physical activity of all Americans, not just individuals. However, experience shows that implementing some policies that are good for public health is difficult in politics. This article can help my article gives some of the policies to solve the problem of unhealthy...
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...Case Study 16: Preventing Neural Tube Defects in Chile Abstract Neural tube defects (NTDs) are the second most common congenital malformation to congenital heart disease and affected 400 babies in Chile annually before a fortification legislation was passed to use fortified flour with folic acid. This fortification reduced spina bifida by 51% and anencephaly by 46% (Levine, 2007). Team One will share answers to questions about this study and research of the problem. The globally astute nurse can provide education and become an advocate to continue to reduce these congenital birth defects through improving the health of women and children and thus all humanity. Case Study Sixteen: Preventing Neural Tube Defects in Chile Despite efforts to reduce neural tube defects, more than 300,000 children are born with neural tube defects annually (CDC, 2012). In Chile, fortification with folate reduced birth defects. Public and private partnerships are necessary for the success of ventures to improve healthcare. Fortification with folate in the diet can be replicated, but must be attune to cultural diet and nutrition habits. Global education is a critical link to success in combating disease and especially with neural tube defects. Once leaders are aware and efforts can focus on problems for education, intervention and evaluation, global health can be improved and the sustainability of our people and planet can continue. Question...
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...cnnchile.com/noticia/2013/11/21/coca-cola-life-la-nueva-version-de-la-bebida-creada-en-chile-y-argentina# ---intro https://www.marketingweek.com/2014/09/04/coca-cola-defends-life-as-marketing-push-kicks-off/ --intro http://www.coca-cola.co.uk/newsroom/press-releases/coca-cola-life-marketing-campaign/ ---intro http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2811978/Introducing-GREEN-Coke-exclusive-taste-Coca-Cola-Life-soft-drink-35-cent-sugar-revolutionise-beverage-industry.html ---encoding http://refrigerators.reviewed.com/news/coca-cola-tests-out-a-new-unified-look-for-cans --encoding http://www.cuckoodesign.com/blog/2014/07/coca-cola-launch-new-product-green-packaging/ ----encoding http://www.thebrandingjournal.com/2014/06/coca-cola-launches-coca-cola-life-drink-natural-sweeteners-fewer-calories/ ---receiver https://www.cokecce.com/news-and-events/news/coca-cola-enterprises-announces-the-launch-of-coca-cola-life -35-55 https://www.boston.com/news/business/2014/06/17/is-the-new-coca-cola-life-healthier-than-regular-coke-and-will-it-come-to-the-us age 35-55 https://www.marketingmag.com.au/news-c/pepsi-next-coca-cola-life-green-cola-wars/ --receiver aged 30-40 http://www.thewire.com/business/2014/06/coca-cola-life-isnt-actually-good-for-you/372962/ ---decoding the green colour meaning http://www.theguardian.com/media-network/media-network-blog/2014/sep/11/coca-cola-life-brands-obesity ---noise http://www.campaignlive.co.uk/article/1315388/coca-cola-life-pepsi-trues-green-branding-devalues-colours-ethical-heritage...
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...Nestlé The Nestlé concept of corporate social responsibility as implemented in Latin America The Nestlé concept of corporate social responsibility as implemented in Latin America Nestec_latin_cover_GB.indd 1 9.2.2006 12:04:25 Nestec_latin_cover_GB.indd Sec1:2 9.2.2006 12:04:26 Contents An introductory discussion 2 A framework for Creating Shared Value 5 Nestlé’s philosophy: a long-term perspective 7 Latin America: challenges and opportunities 9 Overview: Nestlé in Latin America 1 1 Agriculture and sourcing 12 Sourcing practices for quality, safety and sustainability Research and development for better yields Knowledge transfer and farm assistance Partnerships for sustainable agriculture 16 17 20 23 Manufacturing and distribution 26 Food safety through improved standards of operations Risk management for food safety — Early Warning System Developing people Labour policies for mutual benefit Creation of development and employment opportunities in the community Improved environmental standards Managing water sustainably 30 31 33 34 Research for consumer benefit Consumer nutrition, health and wellness Knowledge and education for healthy nutrition and lifestyles 52 54 58 Nestlé’s future in Latin America 62 Products and consumers 48 Front, inside and back covers: Farmer Rufino Chindicué (front cover) and son Luis (inside back cover) supply milk to Nestlé. Three decades ...
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...overall negative effect on children. Television can be lethal because it teaches children and culturally structures their mind. If a program on television shows a person eating spaghetti with his hands and a child watches this, then the child with think that it can be ok to eat spaghetti with his/her hands. In the developing stage of a child’s mind, everything that is being exposed to them is going to have a profound effect on them. We could say that only certain programs are carrying positive messages whereas the negative impact of television may be dominant. Overall, the television exposes the child to violent/deviant behavior, children build some of their morals and ethics from television and television also causes sleeping defects, obesity and other illnesses. Television can promote certain behaviors to children at young ages, for example if a child is exposed to violence on television, then that program is promoting aggressive behavior and the child can then begin to act more aggressively. Many researches show how television programs negatively affect children and their behavior from a process called imitation. Moreover, children, who are exposed to television programs showing violence, are more or less likely to affect their behavior. Media affects theories in modern times originated with Bandura's social learning theory suggests that children learn aggression from viewing others. Children’s behavior was observed in Bandura's Bobo Doll experiments. Bandura showed...
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...Every weekend, millions of Americans go shopping at the grocery store for the food they’ll need for the week ahead. Any casual glance down the aisles and you’ll be bound to see thousands of products that advertise “Now with 40% Less Fat!”, “Low in Saturated Fat!”, or something of the like in blinding bright colors across the packages. According to a 2011 census done by the CDC, at least 35.7% of all American adults are classified as obese (CDC 2011); so it’s no wonder that products advertising low-fat are so popular. However, while many people who buy these food-products are seeking to remedy their weight problem, they are simply making it worse. In order to fully understand why this “low fat craze” is causing so many problems for Americans today, we have to travel back in time about one hundred thousand years, or so, into the past. For quite some time, anthropologists falsely believed that our ancestors primarily obtained their energy from plant sources. However, in more recent and “later studies, [they] demonstrated that animal foods, rather than plant foods, comprised the majority of energy in the typical hunter-gatherer diet” (Miller 31). This means that the food humans evolved to eat was mostly comprised of animal tissue and meat. “Carnivorous diets reduce the evolutionary, selective pressures that act to maintain anatomical and physiological features needed to process and metabolize large amounts of plant matter”(Miller 35). Evidence supporting the homo-sapiens’...
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...Social Responsibility paper 2.2) -HR's involvement in ethics programs is important to success, but HR should not expect to accomplish the task alone. Fairness issues are important to employees and the involvement of HR staff and departments in ethics and compliance programs could be important to the real and perceived fairness of those programs. HR offices can play a key role in developing ethics programs with a proper balance of values and compliance orientations, and in integrating ethics programs into important organizational activities. -Some organizational challenges or policies that might challenge and HR professional are competitive position (cost, quality, and distinctive capability), decentralization, downsizing, organization restructuring, technology, outsourcing, and even organizational culture. -Managers may face ethically challenging tasks such as firing someone, delivering negative feedback, and denying bonuses-tasks in which a manager must cause pain or discomfort to another person in the name of a greater good. Social Responsibility paper begins on next page………… Coca-Cola Company is a well-known respected company throughout the world. John Pemberton, a pharmacist in Atlanta, invented the drink that many have come to call “something special”. Driven by his curiosity, Pemberton, together with Jacob’s Pharmacy created Coca-Cola, in 1886, which in the first year alone sold 9 glasses a day. However, Pemberton was merely the inventor of Coca-Cola. It wasn’t...
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...Economic Development The Impact of Political Decision Making Process to Economic Development Ruben Tota 1006805763 Statement of Authorship “Saya/kami yang bertandatangan dibawah ini menyatakan bahwa makalah/tugas terlampir adalah murni hasil pekerjaan saya/kami sendiri. Tidak ada pekerjaan orang lain yang saya/kami gunakan tanpa menyebutkan sumbernya. Materi ini tidak/belum pernah disajikan/digunakan sebagai bahan untuk makalah/tugas pada mata ajaran lain kecuali saya/kami menyatakan dengan jelas bahwa saya/kami menyatakan menggunakannya.” Saya/kami memahami bahwa tugas yang saya/kami kumpulkan ini dapat diperbanyak dan atau dikomunikasikan untuk tujuan mendeteksi adanya plagiarisme.” Nama : Ruben Tota NPM : 1006805763 Mata Ajaran : Economic Development Judul Makalah/Tugas :The Impacts of Political Decision Making Process to Economic Development Tanggal : 11 April 2013 Dosen : Mr. Budi Susetyo Tandatangan : ( / / ) Abstract The main idea of the paper is that the involvement of politicians in economic development decision making process as measured by political influence on Indonesian economic system which associated with worse economic performance. The procedures are based on the analysis of outlier events and differentiate between several sources of risk (“Political, Economic, World market, Other”). This paper is supported by my empirical results, which indicate that political influence is the most important...
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...The Coca Cola Company is a global company that has been around for 126 years. During this time, the company had many changes in economic trends, information technology, competition, new products, categories, and strategies. Coca Cola primary product it´s Coke, followed by Diet Coke. In its product line Coca Cola has a total of 650 brands (U.S.A), 3500 brands worldwide. Forty-three percent of stores in the world carry Coca-Cola products. Everyday Coca-Cola sells 1.8 billion servings of its beverages all over the world. Human Resource management at Coca Cola Company has many resources and restrictions. It is a global company and it is difficult to create certain policies or procedures applicable in all divisions of the company, political and cultural diversity need to be taken in account. Management at the Coca Cola Company focuses on the acquisition of highly skilled and knowledgeable employees so that it can maintain its top position in the market. It provides conditions of employment that enables all employees to develop a sense of unity with the company and to carry their duties in the most willing and effective way. These strategies, policies, objectives and programs are in correspondence with the organization´s mission, objectives, strategies, policies and guide the management and union in taking decisions. | | ...
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...Lecturer: Mr. Adrian Wee Student: Nguyen Thai Hang-s3258162 Course: International Business-BUSM3311 12/17/2012 Lecturer: Mr. Adrian Wee Student: Nguyen Thai Hang-s3258162 Course: International Business-BUSM3311 12/17/2012 Vinamit Joint Stock Company A strategy of internationalization into Germany Vinamit Joint Stock Company A strategy of internationalization into Germany RMIT International University Vietnam BP181 Bachelor of Commerce Program ASSIGNMENT COVER PAGE Your submission will not be accepted unless all fields below are completed Course Code: | BUSM3311 | Course Name: | International Business | Location where you study: | SGS Campus | Title of Assignment: | BUSM3311_s3258162_G4_Final assignment | File(s) submitted | 1 | Student name: | Nguyen Thai Hang | Student e-mail address: | S3258162@rmit.edu.vn | Learning Facilitator in charge: | Mr. Adrian Wee | Assignment due date: | December 17th, 2012 | Date of submission: | December 17th , 2012 | Number of pages including this one: | 23 | Word Count: | 2506 | Table of Contents Executive summary 3 Introduction 4 Company overview 4 Products 5 Country overview (PESTLE analysis) 5 Politics 5 Economy 6 Social 7 Legal...
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...Australia, I found that there are extreme differences between the two. Even though Thailand is still developing while Australia has already developed, in Thailand there is a high risk of developing numerous infectious diseases due to malnutrition, poverty, hunger, agriculture, pollution, poor sanitation, HIV/AIDS and other diseases, no electricity supply, social and cultural exclusion, war, poor water quality, and inadequate health care food (Nikhil Ghimire, 2014). While people living in Australia have access to education, technology, food, clean water, public health settings, etc. Therefore the risk of developing infectious diseases is much lower yet it has other health issues which are predominant, such a cardiovascular diseases, cancer, obesity, Alzheimer, etc. Thailand, as well as many other developing countries suffers from diseases such as TB, cholera, HIV,...
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...Macronutrients and Obesity: Revisiting the Calories in, Calories out Framework July 19, 2013 Daniel Riera-Crichtona and Nathan Tefftb Abstract: Recent clinical research has studied weight responses to varying diet composition, but the contribution of changes in macronutrient intake and physical activity to rising population weight remains unknown. Research on the economics of obesity typically assumes a “calories in, calories out” framework, but a richer weight production model separating caloric intake into carbohydrates, fat, and protein, has not been explored. To estimate the contributions of changes in macronutrient intake and physical activity to changes in population weight, we conducted dynamic time series and structural VAR analyses of U.S. data between 1974 and 2006 and a panel analysis of 164 countries between 2001 and 2010. Findings from all analyses suggest that increases in carbohydrates are most strongly and positively associated with increases in obesity prevalence even when controlling for changes in total caloric intake and occupation-related physical activity. If anything, increases in fat intake are associated with decreases in population weight. JEL classification codes: I12, I15, O13, Q18 Keywords: Obesity, Macronutrients, Health Production a Department of Economics, Bates College, Lewiston, ME 04240, USA Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, and Department of Economics, College of Arts and Sciences (beginning September 1, 2013)...
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