...Nursing Research Utilization Project Proposal Tamra Sanders Nur/598- Research Utilization Project June 2, 2014 Patricia Dehof Nursing Research Utilization Project Proposal In the United States, 15-25% of patients who are in the hospital have urinary catheters and 75% of urinary tract infections are associated with a urinary catheter. The most vital risk for acquiring a catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI) is the extended use of a urinary catheter. Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) causes an increase in morbidity, mortality, hospital cost, and length of stay. There are approximately 380,000 infections and 9000 deaths related to CAUTI’s per year. CAUTI’s can increase a patient’s hospital stay by 2-4 days. The cost, in United States hospitals, per year, is over 500 million dollars to treat CAUTI’s (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Having a urinary tract infection can lead to unnecessary antimicrobial use, and the urinary drainage system of the urinary catheter can harbor multidrug-resistant bacteria, which can spread to other patients (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012).This paper, the nursing research utilization proposal, will focus on preventing CAUTI’s. The key resolution to prevent CAUTI’s is to implement a quality improvement (QI) program to improve the appropriate use of indwelling catheters and to reduce the risk of CAUTI’s based on health care organization’s risk assessment. A quality improvement program will make...
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...agencies, and other organizations, using research findings and other evidence have developed clinical practice guidelines and standards of care through the years to improve the healthcare practices. The reasons why different groups have come together and have established and implemented guidelines and standards are because there have been many problems and issues that the healthcare setting have encountered. Theses guidelines reduce or decrease, “Never Events”, while improving quality care and patient safety. The purpose of this paper is to review the guidelines that has been developed to address the Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) problem, it’s importance and significance to nursing practice, as well as its impact on the patients and community, and the differences in care based on evidence. “Patients with indwelling catheters, even with current standards of care and evidence-based practice, urinary tract infections continue to be a problem”(Kevin J. Ribby, June 2006). Practice setting problem Urinary tract infections continue to be a problem in healthcare. The numbers of patient’s with urinary tract infections are still too high. “A plethora of articles have been written about nosocomial urinary catheter-related infections, management of the catheter, and proper placement of the indwelling catheter in the male patient 4 but little about the impact of nursing education on outcomes related to decreasing UTIs and usage of indwelling urinary catheters” (Doyle B, Zubina M, Horgan...
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...CHAPTER ONE 1. INTRODUCTION 1.0 DEFINITION OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE, HERBAL PREPARATION AND FINISHED HERBAL PRODUCTS The World Health Organization (WHO) defines traditional medicine as the sum total of knowledge, skills and practices based on the theories, beliefs and experiences indigenous to different cultures. Traditional medicine is used in the maintenance of health the prevention, diagnosis, improvement or treatment of physical and mental illness, whether explicable or not and is passed on from generation to generation. Herbal Preparations contain plant parts or plant material in the crude or processed state as active ingredients and may contain excipients. (WHO, 1996a; Busse, 1999). Combinations with chemically defined active substances or isolated constituents are not considered herbal preparations (Busse, 2000; GNDP, 2004). According to the European Medicine Evaluation Agency (EMEA), herbal preparations are medicinal products containing exclusively herbal drugs or herbal drug preparations as active substances (WHO, 1996b; Busse, 2000). Several chemical constituents with different pharmacological targets are involved in the therapeutic action of herbal preparations. This may be an advantage compared to single isolated compounds, especially when the underlying disease has a multifactorial etiology which is the case in many chronic illnesses. Herbal preparations may include comminuted or powdered plant material, extracts, tinctures, fatty or essential oils of...
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...Urinary Tract Infection in the Geriatric Population Elizabeth Shultz Abstract The geriatric population is very vulnerable to Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) and its negative consequences. If left untreated, UTI in the elderly patient can have negative consequences such as delirium or even death. UTI can also contribute to the onset of acute or chronic kidney infections, which could permanently damage the kidneys and result in renal failure. In view of this, the purpose of this paper is to review related literature to find current evidence or best practices related to UTI in the geriatric population and to objectively critique the evidence. CINAHL and MEDLINE computer databases were mainly searched from January, 2005 to January, 2015 using a combination of manual and computer-based methods. Keywords: elderly, urinary tract, elderly infection management, urinary tract infection prevention, elderly and UTI. Introduction By convention, a Urinary tract infection (UTI) is defined either as a lower tract (acute cystitis) or upper tract (acute pyelonephritis) infection (Nicolle, 2014). Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common infectious problem among older adults both in the community and institutional settings (Midthun, Paur, Bruce, & Midthun, 2005). The elderly population is most likely to experience UTI due to many reasons, not the least of which is their overall susceptibility to all infections...
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...Nursing Practice Karen Medley Walden University NURS 4000 Section 05, Research and Scholarship for Evidence-Based Practice) July 22, 2012 Abstract For patients that have indwelling catheters, with the evidence-based practice and standards of care, UTI’s does still continue to be an ongoing problem today. In one of the large hospitals in my area had recently developed a poster and video approach with special focus on alternatives to urinary catheterization, removing catheters early, and the reinforcement of sterile technique prior insertion and foley catheter care were used to educate nursing staff and improve outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to educate nursing on how to be proactive with this issue and to inform the providers when there is no further need for the catheters to reduce infections in patients. Practice setting problem Urinary tract infections (UTIs) account for approximately 35% of nosocomial infections but are the lowest in mortality and cost (Burke, 2003). Patients with UTIs as a secondary diagnosis have an average length of stay of 9.1 days versus those without a urinary catheter of 4.7 days. As individuals live longer, the probability of them being hospitalized and requiring specialized care services is increased (Hobbs, 2001). Hospitalization of any aged person increases the risk for them to have a urinary indwelling catheter, which predisposes them to a nosocomial urinary tract infection (Saint, 2003).Nurses are responsible for placing and maintaining...
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...Kidney Stones This is a research paper on Kidney Stones, also called nephrolithiasis. Kidney Stones are apart and family of the Excretory system. This can happen to anyone and may or may not affect you or your loved ones one day. This may be deadly for some people so I am here to inform you of ways to treat it and avoid it in any possible way. Anything helps when you are desperate with painful stones in your body. There are certain ways to get kidney stones and certain ways to treat them as well. They are treatable. This is not something you have to live with your whole life living in when having quick access to medical treatment. Kidney stones is a painful disease to have. Sometimes the stone is too big to pass so they have to break it up...
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...Running head: IMPACT ON NURSING: THE FUTURE OF NURSING IMPACT ON NURSING: THE FUTURE OF NURSING Holly M. L. July 22, 2012 THE IMPACT ON NURSING This paper will review the impact of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) report on the future of nursing. It will include the impact on nursing education, nursing practice, with emphasis on primary care in relation to the goals mentioned in the IOM report and the impact on the nurse’s role as a leader. The IOM report has two key points in relation to education: “Nurses should achieve higher levels of education and training through an improved education system that promotes seamless academic progression.” (p. 5) and “Nurses should practice to the full extent of their education and training.” (p. 5). The focus of this education should be on the patients, in all settings, and the unique needs of each of these individuals. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010, focuses on creating a system that is more patient centered. To do this, there needs to be a complete transformation of the healthcare system as it currently stands. The roles of healthcare professionals will have to be reviewed and redefined; and with newly developed initiatives and programs to create the necessary improvements. As mentioned in this report, “If the system is to capitalize on this opportunity, however, the constraints of outdated policies, regulations, and cultural barriers, including those related to scope of practice, will have to be lifted...
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...An APIC Guide 2008 Guide to the Elimination of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTIs) Developing and Applying Facility-Based Prevention Interventions in Acute and Long-Term Care Settings About APIC APIC’s mission is to improve health and patient safety by reducing risks of infection and other adverse outcomes. The Association’s more than 12,000 members have primary responsibility for infection prevention, control and hospital epidemiology in healthcare settings around the globe. APIC’s members are nurses, epidemiologists, physicians, microbiologists, clinical pathologists, laboratory technologists and public health professionals. APIC advances its mission through education, research, consultation, collaboration, public policy, practice guidance and credentialing. Look for other topics in APIC’s Elimination Guide Series, including: • • • • Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections Clostridium difficile Mediastinitis MRSA in Long-Term Care Copyright © 2008 by APIC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. All inquires about this document or other APIC products and services may be addressed to: APIC Headquarters 1275 K Street, NW Suite 1000 Washington, DC 20005 Phone: 202.789.1890 Email: APICinfo@apic.org Web: www.apic.org ISBN: 1-933013-39-7 ...
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...This assignment reflects on one day’s care delivered to a patient during my practice as a healthcare support worker (HSW). It presents anatomy and physiology of the urinary system and focuses on the patient’s catheter use, urinalysis, regular intake of medication and legal issues associated with delivery of care to the patient without mental capacity to make crucial decisions in his life. For the purpose of this care study, I use the pseudonym Chris for the patient in order to protect his identity and maintain confidentiality (NMC, 2008). There is also a legal obligation under Data Protection Act (1998) not to disclose patient’s personal details. Chris is a 73 year old male, who I worked with in a residential home for people with learning disabilities and challenging behaviour, where he was residing. Chris has been diagnosed with a learning disability (LD), which means that he has significantly. reduced ability to understand new or complex information and learn new skills (Department of Health, 2002). He has a reduced ability to cope independently due to recent leg amputation and the LD. Amputation is the surgical removal of a limb or body part (Mosquera, 2010). It was performed on Chris’s right leg above the knee to relieve the recurring pain caused by a severe case of peripheral artery disease (PAD). The PAD is a form of peripheral vascular disease in which there is partial or total blockage of an artery, caused by deposits of fat built up along its walls (Patient UK...
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...Hand Hygiene Change Project Capstone NU296 September 18, 2013 Introduction The lack of hand washing and/or hand sanitizing is a leading cause of nosocomial infections in healthcare facilities not only here in Nevada, but across the United States. Hand washing is one of the biggest contributing factors in stopping the spread of infections throughout the healthcare environment. Nosocomial infections could be dramatically reduced by monitoring and enforcing hand washing and/or “gel in, gel out” policies of each facility. This could also lower the length of stay per patient, and greatly reduce the medical care cost per patient. Analyze the current situation and provide evidence based resources to support the need for change and your proposed plan. Include ethical, legal, or standards of care implications. Washing hands as promptly and thoroughly as possible between patient contact and after contact with blood, bodily fluids, secretions, excretions, and medical equiptment contaminated by patients is a huge element in infection control. Hand hygiene is recognized by infection prevention and control experts as the single most important intervention in decreasing the spread of infection in healthcare facilities. Unclean hands are the main transporters for germs between people and inanimate objects (i.e. blood pressure cuffs, bed rails, call lights, etc…). It is imperative to practice...
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...Breastfeeding – no introduction necessary The focus of this review paper is on presenting and substantiating common knowledge and beliefs with scientific research and facts to demonstrate the advantages of breast milk feeding in early stages of human life and in years that follow. Discussion of non-scientific, i.e. social, economic, etc., aspects of breastfeeding will be limited, with primary focus given to human health outcomes for infants and mothers. The structure of this paper is decisively unconventional: where the author has chosen to discuss the body of common knowledge about breastfeeding before delving into the scientific research review. The intention is to draw the readers’ attention to the vast body of proven and observed advantages of breastfeeding for infant and mothers. Breastfeeding advantages – more than just food Breastfeeding is a natural process. Throughout human history breastfeeding was, and in many places around the world still is, a means to a healthy start to a human life. With the development of baby formula, and its availability, and relatively low cost, breastfeeding is now commonly thought to be a choice in the developed world. No longer a means to survival, no longer a requirement. To some, the advent of the baby formula is a direct form of feminine liberation. To others, baby formula is a necessity for medical or circumstantial reasons that are not driven by the freedom of choice. Those that choose the formula under pretenses other than necessity...
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...HIGH INTAKE OF DIETARY PROTEIN HAS NO ADVERSE EFFECTS ON BONES HEALTH Pearl Pullman NDFS 200 – Fall 2013 October 08, 2013 ABSTRACT Recently, the effects of high protein diets on bone structure have been controversial, with evidence suggesting negative and positive affects on bone. The objective of this paper is to discover how a high intake of dietary protein affects bones. In one study, subjects consumed a high protein and high dairy (HPHD) diet, an adequate protein and medium dairy (APMD), or an adequate protein and low dairy diet (APLD). The researchers collected blood and urine samples from the subjects. Subjects consuming HPHD diets showed adequate bone health after 16-weeks of monitored exercise evidence. In another study, researchers measured the plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). IGF-1 plays an important role in proper skeletal growth and development. Subjects consuming 42 g protein compared to the group consuming 70 g carbohydrate had an increase in plasma IGF-1 (P = 0.01). In another study, researchers measured calcium absorption by collecting blood and urine samples to assess the effects of the diet on biomarkers of bone metabolism. In this 15-week study, researchers discovered that a diet with high protein increased the absorption of dietary calcium and IGF-I by >20% compared to the low protein diet. In another study, participants were given either a 30g whey protein drink or a placebo of 2.1g protein drink over a 2-year...
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...ICAK-USA Research The Following is a Compilation of Applied Kinesiology Research Papers Published in the Collected Papers of the International College of Applied Kinesiology for the year 2005-2006 -- Edited by Scott Cuthbert, D.C. Functional Systems Approach to Central Nervous System Evaluation Richard Belli, D.C., D.A.C.N.B. ABSTRACT Objective: This study investigates the clinical utility of testing functional systems within the central nervous system, compared to testing individual motor nerves with manual muscle testing. Design: Private practice. Study Subjects: Patients were examined by the treating chiropractor from his existing patient pool. Methods: Chiropractic management was decided on by the treating chiropractor. A series of twelve tests were designed to discover disorders of functional systems within the CNS. The tests described were to evaluate the function of 12 systems: 1) spinal cord, 2) myelencephalon/reticular formation, 3) vagal system, 4) trigeminal motor system-muscles of mastication, 5) vestibulospinal system, and bulbo reticular area, 6) reticular formation, 7) diencephalons and gait locomotion system, 8) mesencephalon, 9) cardiac sympathetic autonomic system, 10) pyramidal system, 11) limbic system, 12) sensory system. Results: This chiropractic approach tests the nervous system after provocation of functional systems instead...
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...Carla Paula Tantay May 24, 2015 HCA/220 Seven Organizational Approaches Paper Instructor: Terrasha Rachels There are 7 organizational approaches to studying the human body. The seven organizational approaches consist of planes and directions, body cavities, quadrants and regions, anatomy and physiology, microscopic and macroscopic, body systems and medical specialties. The body planes and body direction is the division of the body in to sections from front to back, right and left, and top and bottom. These sections are called the mid sagittal plane, the coronal plane, and the transverse plane. There are two main cavities; “Dorsal and ventral body cavities”. Based on Bite Anti Body Research, Some anatomical references do not recognize the dorsal body cavity but we will use it in this example because it is use by some professionals and colleges. Dorsal body cavity protects organs in our nervous system and dorsal body cavity has 2 divisions which is cranial which works around the brains and spinal which works around the spinal cord. With Ventral the superior division is called the thoracic cavity. The thoracic cavity is surrounded by the ribs and muscles in the chest. It’s further subdivided into lateral pleural cavities (each pleural cavity envelopes a lung) and the mediastinum. Within The pericardial cavity lies within the mediastinum. Quadrants are divides our bodies into regions for diagnostic and descriptive purposes. The quadrants are defined by drawing an imaginary...
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...Change in Practice: Preventing Hospital Associated Infections April Shannon Walden University NURS 4000 Section 04, Research and Scholarship for Evidence-Based Practice November 18, 2012 Change in Practice: Preventing Hospital Associated Infections Benjamin Franklin was quoted as saying “an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.” With the increasing costs of healthcare and the emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms this truth still resonates today. Hospital associated infections (HAIs), have been a complication in hospitals for many years. The purpose of this assignment is to address this problem in nursing practice, and discuss evidence on practices that will address this issue. The problem Hospital associated infections (HAIs) can be defined as an infection acquired in hospital by a patient who was admitted for a reason other than that infection. An infection occurring in a patient in a hospital or other healthcare facility in whom the infection was not present or incubating at the time of admission. This includes infections acquired in the hospital but appearing after discharge, and also occupational infections among staff of the facility (central line associated bloodstream infections, catheter associated urinary tract infections, surgical site infections, ventilator associated pneumonia, etc.) (World Health Organization, 2002). HAI’s have become one of the leading caused of hospital related deaths in the United States. However, these infections...
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