...Case Study: Computer Input-Output Technologies that Link Pilots and Air Traffic Controllers CSCI 109 Computer Input-Output Technologies that Link Pilots and Air Traffic Controllers Both videos presented showcase the advanced computing technologies being used to revolutionize the air traffic control system. The efficiency they are enabling is actually redrawing airspace, reducing harmful carbon emissions, improving on-time performance and increasing profitability for the airlines. The innovative applications of computer technologies are the genesis of this revolution. The computer technologies evident in this case study include servers, workstations, user input devices and other peripherals. One of these technologies is the Controller-Pilot Data Link (CPDL). This system provides air-ground data communication for the air traffic control service. The controller and the pilot are provided with the capability to communicate messages, clearances and other important information. “A ‘free text’ capability is also provided to exchange information not conforming to defined formats. An auxiliary capability is provided to allow a ground system to use data link to forward a CPDLC message to another ground system.” (Wikipedia, 2013) This process enhances the workload capability of the controllers and pilots in high-traffic air space. In addition, it increases accuracy in communication as compared to traditional VHF radio traffic. Anyone that has engaged in a text message conversation...
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...stress that air traffic controllers face on the job? Why or why not? No, I don’t think I would be able to handle the stress of being an air traffic controller. After reading the case study, I understood just how much pressure and responsibility that is put on their shoulders. According to the National Air Traffic Controllers Association (NATCA), on an average day, controllers handle 87,000 flights. That’s a couple million people’s lives in my hands on any given day and if I make any kind of small mistake, 400 people could lose their lives just like that. On the last case study I was asked if I would want to manage an IKEA store because I didn’t think I could handle watching over all of the employees, so I definitely wouldn’t be able to or want to handle millions of people’s lives. 2) In your opinion, which causes of work stress, or organizational stressors, are likely to be among the most common experienced by air traffic controllers? Explain your reasoning. I would say that Task Demands are the most common stressors experienced by air traffic controllers. I say this because they have such a highly demanding job which depends upon high levels of responsibility, quick decisions, and critical decisions. On the job, air traffic controllers have to make decisions quickly while realizing that the wrong one may endanger, or even end, the lives of hundreds and thousands of people. 3) Controller Pete Rodgers says that any gathering of air traffic controllers is ‘almost...
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...The Performance Challenges & Psychological Issues that an Air Traffic Controller Encounters on the Job The Performance Challenges & Psychological Issues that an ATC Encounters on the Job Rabiya Zulfiqar Siraj 200821070 Name: Rabiya Zulfiqar Siraj I.D: 200821070 Course: Research Project For: Mr. Baba Yerra Due Date: 3rd January 2012 Title: The Performance Challenges & Psychological Issues that an Air Traffic Controller Encounters on the Job Words: 5,867 Ms. Bindu Nair Page 2 of 34 3rd January 2012 The Performance Challenges & Psychological Issues that an ATC Encounters on the Job Rabiya Zulfiqar Siraj 200821070 Abstract This paper identifies the various challenges that an Air Traffic Controller has to deal with as a result of the demanding and strenuous job. It further highlights the need and importance of air traffic controlling. Air Traffic Controllers are vital for the smooth flow of traffic in air and on ground, in other words; they help aircraft perform safe operations. Hence it has become essential to keep them healthy, motivated and stress free when on job. This paper also provides the findings of interviews that were conducted in order to gain insight on what job performance [related] problems or psychological issues are dealt with Air Traffic Controllers in Dubai. It was established that traffic congestion due to high volumes of traffic and shift work raised more alarm than other challenging factors which are also stated...
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...GRIFFITH AVIATION Nathan Campus 7010GBS Research Design Assignment 1: Literature Review of Development of Training for New Air Traffic Control Technology Implementation (2000 words) Dr Robin Pentecost 30th March, 2016 CHANG, Hsuan-Ting s2957842 1 SEMESTER I, 2016 Table of Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 3 2. Methodology .......................................................................................................................... 3 3. Key Potential ATC Transition Issues .................................................................................... 4 4. Benefits of ATC Automation System .................................................................................... 5 4.1 What is ATC automation system? .................................................................................... 5 4.2 What’s the role of air traffic controllers? ......................................................................... 6 5. Drawback of conventional ATC system ................................................................................ 6 5.1 Incapable to meet the traffic demand nor the-state-of-the-art aircraft ............................. 6 6. What else can the training programme improve? .................................................................. 7 6.1 Sufficient overstaffing on track ............................
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...ote ote technical note tech Air Traffic Control Specialist Decision Making and Strategic Planning – A Field Survey Jean-François D’Arcy, Ph.D., Titan SRC Pamela S. Della Rocco, Ph.D., ACT-530 March 2001 DOT/FAA/CT-TN01/05 Document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161 U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration William J. Hughes Technical Center Atlantic City International Airport, NJ 08405 NOTICE This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for the contents or use thereof. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturer's names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the objective of this report. This document does not constitute FAA certification policy. Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. DOT/FAA/CT-TN01/05 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date March 2001 Air Traffic Control Specialist Decision Making and Strategic Planning – A Field Survey 7. Author(s) 6. Performing Organization Code ACT-530 8. Performing Organization Report No. Jean-François D’Arcy, Ph.D., Titan SRC and Pamela S. Della Rocco, Ph.D., ACT-530 9. Performing Organization Name and Address DOT/FAA/CT-TN01/05 ...
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...AVIATION SAFETY PROGRAM Name Professor’s name Course Date Abstract The paper seeks to look into some of the critical issues concerning safety measures in the commercial aviation industry. It focuses more on the concept of stress in Air Traffic Controllers (ATC) and how high stress levels can affect the performance of ATCs. Further emphasis is laid on the various measures that can be put into place to address some of the safety issues in commercial aviation industry through the risk management strategies. Several aspects of the whole case arise in the whole program of addressing the issue. It becomes a matter of collective responsibility in the bid to address safety issues and come up with modalities to mitigate any safety threats in the future. At the end, we realize that all the players in the industry have the specific roles to play towards the program. Introduction In an increasingly competitive global environment, where the scramble for resources and the search for tangible opportunities seem to have overtaken any other global undertaking, the importance of commercial aviation cannot be overemphasized. Commercial aviation plays a very central role in the overall growth of any economy across the world. It is therefore imperative to look into the key issues that govern the aviation industry to ensure its success and proper functionalism. The concept of aviation security comes in as one of the most pressing issues in this regard. The...
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...Case Study: Emirates Airline English Language Proficiency Prevents Air Disasters Emirates Airlines Certifies Crews with Test that Simulates Radiotelephonic Communication In 1996, 349 passengers and crew were killed when two planes collided mid-air over New Dehli. This accident was attributed in part to language barriers that retarded radiotelephony communication between the flight and ground crew. According to aviation experts Jason Park and Tyler Kong, “…the lack of ability for all parties involved to understand crucial directions via common English may have been the most important contributing factor leading to [this tragedy]. Without agreed upon standards for English proficiency and common phraseology, the aviation industry continues to be at risk for future language-related accidents. Air traffic communications often deviate from standard phraseology in emergency situations towards a more conversational style. English proficiency beyond the basic understanding of aviation phraseology may be necessary.” In order to address this threat, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) passed a resolution that stated, “The air-ground radiotelephony communications shall be conducted in the language normally used by the station on the ground or in the English language.” Furthermore, “the English language shall be available, on request from any aircraft station, at all stations on the ground serving designated airports and routes used by international air services.” The ICAO...
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...modernize the American air-trafficcontrol system, this is, in large part,what they are referring to. Whenever a plane takes off, the basic data about the flight—the type of plane, the radar I.D. number, the requested altitude, the desLoo king for method in the mess. tination—are printed out on a stiff piece of paper, perhaps one and a half by six BY MALCOLM GLADWELL and a half inches,known as a flight strip. And as the plane passes through each sector of the airspace the controller jots down, using a kind of shorthand, everything new that is happening to the plane—its speed, say, and where it’s heading, clearances from ground control, holding instructions,comments on the pilot. It’s a method that dates back to the days before radar, and it drives critics of the air-traffic-control system crazy. Why, in this day and age, are planes being handled like breakfast orders in a roadside diner? This is one of the great puzzles of the modern workplace.Computer technology was supposed to replace paper. But that hasn’t happened. Every country in the Western world uses more paper today, on a per-capita basis, than it did ten years ago.The consumption of uncoated freesheet paper, for instance—the most common kind of office paper—rose almost fifteen per cent in the United States between 1995 and 2000. This is generally taken as evidence of how hard it is to eradicate old, wasteful habits and of how stubbornly resistant we are to the efficiencies offered by computerization. A number of cognitive psychologists...
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...modernize the American air-trafficcontrol system, this is, in large part,what they are referring to. Whenever a plane takes off, the basic data about the flight—the type of plane, the radar I.D. number, the requested altitude, the desLoo king for method in the mess. tination—are printed out on a stiff piece of paper, perhaps one and a half by six BY MALCOLM GLADWELL and a half inches,known as a flight strip. And as the plane passes through each sector of the airspace the controller jots down, using a kind of shorthand, everything new that is happening to the plane—its speed, say, and where it’s heading, clearances from ground control, holding instructions,comments on the pilot. It’s a method that dates back to the days before radar, and it drives critics of the air-traffic-control system crazy. Why, in this day and age, are planes being handled like breakfast orders in a roadside diner? This is one of the great puzzles of the modern workplace.Computer technology was supposed to replace paper. But that hasn’t happened. Every country in the Western world uses more paper today, on a per-capita basis, than it did ten years ago.The consumption of uncoated freesheet paper, for instance—the most common kind of office paper—rose almost fifteen per cent in the United States between 1995 and 2000. This is generally taken as evidence of how hard it is to eradicate old, wasteful habits and of how stubbornly resistant we are to the efficiencies offered by computerization. A number of cognitive psychologists...
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...On site and offsite emergency plans on chemical disaster Why Emergency Planning is required? After the incident of Bhopal gas disaster, the Factories Act has been amended and a new chapter i.e. Chapter IVA – provision relating to hazardous processes has been added to the Factories Act with addition of new provisions sec 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D, 41E, 41G & 41H covering all hazardous process industries. Under the provision of Sec 41B(4) every occupier shall with the approval of the Chief Inspector of Factories draw up an On-site Emergency Plan and detailed disaster control measures for his factory and make known to the workers employed therein and to the general public living in the vicinity of the factory the safety measures required to be taken in the event of an accident taking place. This is the statutory provision laid down in the act for preparation of On-site Emergency Plan to control disaster in the factories. Major accidents may cause emergency and it may lead to disaster, which may cause heavy damage to plant, property, harm to person and create adverse affects on production. Many disasters like Bhopal gas tragedy, Chernobyl nuclear disaster etc. have occurred at many places in the world causing heavy loss of life and property. Emergency situation arises all on a sudden and creates havoc and damage to person, property, production and environment. Therefore such situations and risks should be thought in advance and it should be planned before hand to tackle...
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...Table Of Contents Chapter One .................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Statement of the problem ...................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Objectives .............................................................................................................................. 4 1.2.1 General objective ........................................................................................................... 4 1.2.2 Specific objective ........................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Scope of the project ............................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Significance of the Project....................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Limitation of the project ....................................................................................................... 5 1.6 Methodology ......................................................................................................................... 5 Chapter Three ............................................................................
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...AMSS Applications Season 2004\05 Introduction 4 1.1 Objective 5 1.2 Concepts 5 1.2.1 CNS-ATM 6 1.2.2 RNAV 7 1.2.3 Free Flight 8 1.2.4 Gate to Gate 9 2 GNSS 10 2.1 Global position constellation 14 2.1.1 Global Position System (GPS) 14 2.1.2 GLONASS 17 2.1.3 Galileo 18 2.2 SBAS 21 2.2.1 WAAS 22 2.2.2 EGNOS 23 2.2.3 MTSAS 25 2.3 GBAS 26 2.3.1 DGPS 26 2.3.1.1 LAAS 28 2.3.2 RTK 28 2.3.3 GRAS 29 2.3.4 VDL 29 2.3.4.1 VDL Mode 1 30 2.3.4.2 VDL Mode -2 30 2.3.4.3 VDL Mode 3 30 2.3.4.4 VDL Mode 4 31 2.4 ABAS 31 2.4.1 RAIM 32 2.4.1.1 RAIM (FD) 32 2.4.1.2 RAIM (FDE) 33 2.4.2 AAIM 33 3 Communication Systems 34 3.1 INMARSAT 34 3.2 INTELSAT y EUTELSAT 37 3.3 IRIDIUM 39 4 New technologies and developing projects 41 4.1 VSAT 41 4.2 SDLS 44 4.3 MASSAO y Aerofleet projects 45 4.4 OPTIMAL project 48 5 Conclussions 50 5.1 Role in CNS/ATM 50 5.2 Gate to gate? 53 5.3 New system beyond 2020 56 5.4 Comparison with the current ATM system 59 6 Acronyms 61 7 Bibliography 64 7.1 webpages 64 7.2 documents (all of them are in internet) 66 8 Appendix 68 8.1 Techniques of modulation 68 8.2 Standards and recommended practices in annexes 1,6 and 11 68 8.3 Data link services defined by ICAO 72 Introduction All forms of aviation need reliable communications, navigation and surveillance systems to...
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...Sciences and Managerial Economics The Chinese University of Hong Kong © Content Chapter 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 Objectives of the Study Background Objectives Research Framework 1 1 2 4 5 5 6 10 10 11 16 18 18 21 22 27 27 29 30 32 32 34 35 35 40 44 46 48 48 49 50 51 54 56 62 Chapter 2 Regional Airports’ Development and Expansion 2.1 Asian Aviation Hubs 2.2 Mainland Major Airports Chapter 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 Regional Demand Forecast for Aviation Services Rapid Growth in Asia-Pacific’s Air Transport The Increasing Importance of China’s Aviation Market Hong Kong’s Aviation Development under Mainland’s Rapid Growth Chapter 4 Capacity Issues and Enhancement Measures for HKIA 4.1 The Capacity of the Hong Kong International Airport 4.2 Runway Capacity Enhancement Measures 4.2.1 Aircraft Types Trends and its effects to Runway Capacity 4.3 Possible Measures 4.3.1 Air Transport Management Approach 4.3.2 Enhanced ATC & Aircraft Equipment, Technology, Procedures and Manpower 4.3.3 Expansion of Auxiliary Airside Facilities 4.3.4 Peak Spreading 4.3.5 Aircraft Size Restrictions 4.4 Conclusions Chapter 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Selected Case Studies for Building New Runways London Heathrow Airport third Runway Manchester International Airport Second Runway Tokyo Narita International Airport Second Runway Conclusion Chapter 6 Supply of and Demand for HKIA Services 6.1 The Estimated Future Traffic Demand for HKIA 6.2 Possible Capacity Enhancement Measures on HKIA’s Two Runways 6.2.1 ATC Systems Enhancement Measures...
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...are locked up at the CIA’s headquarters in Langley, Virginia.” Witnesses have been interrogated and threatened to not speak on what they’ve seen or heard (Blake,34). It all began In July of 1947, something strange happened, a large unidentified flying object was spotted in the sky and crashed in the vast desert of Roswell. A rancher named William Brazel found metallic sticks held together with tape, chunks of plastic and foil reflectors, and scraps of a heavy, glossy, paper-like material. Immediately Brazel called the local sheriff department and spoke with sheriff George Wilcox and stated that he might have recovered the remains of a flying saucer. Wilcox, according to various sources, contacted military authorities at the Roswell Army Air Field, where official Major Jesse Marcel was sent to investigate. After the findings were examined officials were sent to take aways the remaining’s of the crash. This sighting caused chaos in the town of Roswell. There were many eye witness reports of alien like creatures that were next to the destroyed craft. Witnesses who saw the crash site, before confronted by the US Government, were interviewed and all gave similar descriptions of the aliens and the flying craft (Jeffery,12). Glenn Dennis, a mortician who worked at the ballad funeral home in Roswell, made the first actual claim of alien bodies when received calls from the morgue at the army airfield. A Mortuary Officer needed three small sealed coffins and preservation techniques this...
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...Paper published in IEEE Software 12 (6) November 1995, pp. 42-50 Architectural Blueprints—The “4+1” View Model of Software Architecture Philippe Kruchten Rational Software Corp. Abstract This article presents a model for describing the architecture of software-intensive systems, based on the use of multiple, concurrent views. This use of multiple views allows to address separately the concerns of the various ‘stakeholders’ of the architecture: end-user, developers, systems engineers, project managers, etc., and to handle separately the functional and non functional requirements. Each of the five views is described, together with a notation to capture it. The views are designed using an architecture-centered, scenariodriven, iterative development process. Keywords: software architecture, view, object-oriented design, software development process Introduction We all have seen many books and articles where one diagram attempts to capture the gist of the architecture of a system. But looking carefully at the set of boxes and arrows shown on these diagrams, it becomes clear that their authors have struggled hard to represent more on one blueprint than it can actually express. Are the boxes representing running programs? Or chunks of source code? Or physical computers? Or merely logical groupings of functionality? Are the arrows representing compilation dependencies? Or control flows? Or data flows? Usually it is a bit of everything. Does an architecture need a single architectural...
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