...Mandle, 2010). The World Health Organization (WHO) believes health promotion allows health to be a resource and not the objective of living (WHO, 2012). This paper will review the purpose of health promotion as related to nursing practice, and how nursing roles and responsibilities have evolved in regards to health promotion and implementation on the prevention, management and long term maintenance and rehabilitation on Stroke patients, including preventing education to the public and communities, on a primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention level (Edelman & Mandle, 2010). A stroke is caused by the disruption of the blood supply to the brain, usually related to a blood vessel ruptures or blocked by a clot, as define by World Health Organization. The blockage of oxygen and nutrients to the brain’s tissues can cause permanent damage to the brain tissue. Warning signs of stroke are, sudden weakness or numbness of the face, arm or leg, most often on one side of the body. Other symptoms include: confusion, difficulty speaking or understanding speech; difficulty seeing with one or both eyes; walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination; severe headache with no known cause; fainting or unconsciousness. The effects of a stroke depend on which part of the brain is injured and how severely it is affected. A very severe stroke can cause sudden death (WHO 2012). Scientists outline health promotion as the course of action taken to enable individuals to have control over their health...
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...Foundations of Psychology 28 March 2016 Abstract Thesis Statement: In this paper we will discuss different kinds of brain injuries, the functions of neural plasticity and the limitations of neural plasticity. The first thing that is discussed in the paper in different brain injuries. We go into depth about five different brain injuries that include blood clots, hematomas, concussions, strokes and cerebral edema. Once we have covered brain injuries we discuss the functions of neural plasticity in brain injuries. An important thing that is discussed with neural plasticity is the recovery from a brain injury, what is required during recovery and how long recovery from a brain injury can take. The last thing that is discussed in this paper is the limitations of neural plasticity with brain injuries. Keywords: brain, injuries, plasticity, neural “Each year, traumatic brain injuries (TBI) contribute to a substantial number of deaths and cases of permanent disability. TBI is a contributing factor to a third (30.5%) of all injury-related deaths in the United States.” (cdc.gov) Robert has experienced a traumatic brain injury that is going to affect him for the rest of his life. Brain injuries are serious, and should be treated as such. For some people brain injuries go unnoticed and untreated leaving it to be deadly, but for others it is caught and treated but the healing process is extensive. In this paper we will discuss different kinds of brain injuries, the functions of neural...
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...cigarettes(Brannon & Feist, 2010). However, there are other forms which include the use of bidis, hookas, pipes and shisha (Brannon & Feist, 2010). Tobacco products contain a stimulating substance called nicotine, which when inhaled or tasted leads to adverse health and other related consequences. It has been found out that smoking is an addictive activity which is hard to contain. Smoking normal cigarettes can be a foundation for more dangerous substances that include smoking weed and inhaling cocaine. Health institutions have come up with the possible effects of smoking both to passive and active smokers. Breathing problems, socioeconomic effects as well as chronic diseases like cancers are some of the dangerous outcomes of smoking. Several alternatives have been established to deal with the problem (Hyde & Setaro, 2006). Designation of smoking zones is one of the options that most nations globally have embraced with the aim of bringing down the negative effects associated with smoking. This paper seeks to establish the need for banning smoking in closed areas. This is in accordance with the fact that smoking has been a menace in the recent past especially to passive smokers (Owing, 2005). The paper also aims at identifying the possible impact of smoking and how restricting it will assist the government and the entire world deal with the...
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...this paper, I will be looking at and reviewing the research literature that is available concerning sickle cells disease. I chose this topic for a reason that is close to my heart; I have an eight month old infant who has been diagnosed with sickle cell disease. As a professional, I am concerned with the ways that we as nurses can contribute to providing quality care in response to clients presenting with this specific disease. As a person, I am on the other side of the health promoting, family based care relationship that I am used to in my practice; I now really appreciate how important it is for nurses to provide education, information, teaching and training to parents and clients in response to an illness like sickle cell. In a way, therefore, I am serving both as teacher and student here, as I develop knowledge and collect evidence that I will use as both a nurse and as a concerned parent seeking to understand a disease that my child has been diagnosed with. This literature review supports the argument that nurses can play an important role in promoting quality care for clients and families coping with sickle cell disease, once a strong understanding of this disease and the nurse’s role in responding to it is achieved. This, therefore, is the goal of this literature review. Gale’s “Health Reference Centre Academic” database was used for the research. In fact, a very simple search resulted in the obtainment of all six of the quality, peer reviewed, scholarly research articles...
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...Pathopharmacological Foundations for Advanced Nursing Practice Competency Assessment WUT Task 1 Pamela L. Taylor RN-C(OB), BSN Western Governors University June 2016 A. Disease Process For the purpose of discussion of pathopharmacological features of a specific disease process, this paper will provide information related to heart disease in the form of coronary artery disease (CAD). A1. Pathophysiology Analysis Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of mortality worldwide and becoming a steadily more investigated problem due to its prevalence. Much research is going into genetic, inflammatory mechanisms and neuro-hormonal factors related to CVD as scientific knowledge evolves regarding complexity of this broad pathophysiology. Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of the subsection of CVD called CAD. This is a form of arteriosclerosis where there is progressive thickening and hardening of the vessel walls of the two major coronary arteries and their branches. The thickening is an accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages inside the wall of the artery leading to the formation of lesions and plaque buildup (McCance, K. & Huether, S., 2014). When the plaque develops on the coronary artery walls the pumping ability of the heart becomes impaired as oxygen and nutrients needed for heart function may be partially or completely impeded. Complete occlusion of a coronary artery or one of its branches leads to a myocardial...
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...Should Vaccines Be Required for Children? Terry J. Vervenne DeVry University Should Vaccines Be Required for Children? Shots, inoculations, vaccines, do children need them? This is the issue that needs to be discussed. Why are vaccines a necessity of current times? Even though vaccines may have some side effects, they have saved many lives as everyone already knows. They prevent many types of diseases and stop the spread of others. Just image having to send your children to school that’s filled with other children carrying diseases and viruses. Viruses such as small pox, measles, and mumps that could invade your child’s body which in most circumstances will then be brought home and spread to other family members. Therefore, every child in America needs to be vaccinated before beginning school because vaccines can prevent disease, save lives, and alleviate sick days at school. Firstly, many of these contagious diseases in children are preventable. Many of the viruses that cause diseases such as measles, mumps, or small pox are very dangerous. Sometimes the symptoms are very mild or not even noticed. While other times the symptoms can be severe, possibly even leaving a residual effect. For example, as everyone knows, if an adult male contracts mumps, this may cause sterility. Another example is polio, although preventable, once this disease is contracted it can lead to permanent muscle weakness. Once someone contracts one of these types of disease, it can possibly be fatal...
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...The aim of this essay is to explore an acute deterioration in the health of an adult I have encountered during a clinical placement, in an acute care setting. The essay will begin with a definition of acute care, followed by the introduction of my patient and predisposing factors. This essay will include an explanation of the significant pathophysiological changes and related clinical manifestations and a critical analysis of the nursing interventions implemented during the acute episode of care, focusing on holistic care, rationale and evidence base. It will then describe the actual deterioration in the patient’s condition, and discuss the nurse’s role in the recognition and assessment of the actual deteriorating condition following the trusts policies. Assessment tools, monitoring, detecting and reporting will be considered. Finally this essay will include a discussion of the importance of multidisciplinary team collaboration in the diagnosis and provision of care during the acute episode, and a discussion on whether the deterioration could have been prevented by identifying any areas of practice which could change in relation to evidence based practice. For the purposes of privacy and confidentiality, in accordance with NMC (2008) code of conduct, the name of the patient will be changed to Peter and the placement area will remain as an acute care setting. According to McFerran (2008) the term “acute” is described as a disease of rapid onset, severe symptoms, and brief duration...
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...Alzheimer's (also known as younger-onset), which often appears when someone is in their 40s or 50s. * Alzheimer's worsens over time. Alzheimer's is a progressive disease, where dementia symptoms gradually worsen over a number of years. In its early stages, memory loss is mild, but with late-stage Alzheimer's, individuals lose the ability to carry on a conversation and respond to their environment. Alzheimer's is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. Those with Alzheimer's live an average of eight years after their symptoms become noticeable to others, but survival can range from four to 20 years, depending on age and other health conditions. * Alzheimer's has no current cure, but treatments for symptoms are available and research continues. Although current Alzheimer's treatments cannot stop Alzheimer's from progressing, they can temporarily slow the worsening of dementia symptoms and improve quality of life for those with Alzheimer's and their caregivers. Today, there is a...
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...73 year old male, who I worked with in a residential home for people with learning disabilities and challenging behaviour, where he was residing. Chris has been diagnosed with a learning disability (LD), which means that he has significantly. reduced ability to understand new or complex information and learn new skills (Department of Health, 2002). He has a reduced ability to cope independently due to recent leg amputation and the LD. Amputation is the surgical removal of a limb or body part (Mosquera, 2010). It was performed on Chris’s right leg above the knee to relieve the recurring pain caused by a severe case of peripheral artery disease (PAD). The PAD is a form of peripheral vascular disease in which there is partial or total blockage of an artery, caused by deposits of fat built up along its walls (Patient UK, 2010). He could not cope with his everyday life, because the limb was causing a lot of pain to him. The PAD compromised Chris’s blood supply to his right leg, which became gangrenous. The PAD is relatively easy preventable when noticed on time. The most effective treatment contains regular physical activity, high blood pressure and cholesterol lowering medications and low in saturated fats...
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...relationship between physical activities, psychological traits, and social relationships and overall health and rates of illness. a) Physiological Incorrect. Physiological psychology may be interested in these topics, but health psychology explores these relationships from approaches other than the physiological perspective. b) Developmental c) Health Correct. This is the correct definition of health psychology. d) Medicinal e) Adjustment ANS: c, p. 344, C, LO=Prologue, AP VIII.5, (2) 2. Kirima has her doctorate in health psychology. Which of the following research questions might she be most likely to investigate? a) Why are college students more prone to doing drugs when they take harder classes? Correct. Health psychologists are interested in the factors that lead us to lead healthy lives, so the relationship between classes and the tendency to take drugs would be an appropriate topic for Kirima to research. b) What is the relationship between one’s ethnicity and their political affiliation? Incorrect. The effects of a social category like ethnicity would be more applicable to experts from other fields, which might include sociology, political science, or social psychology. c) Are men or women better drivers? d) What is the relationship between a person’s age and the number of years it takes them to get an undergraduate degree? e) How do parents and children adjust to differences in temperament? Ans: a, p. 344, A, LO=Prologue, AP VIII.5, (1) ...
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...Community Interest Company: a Social Enterprise Organisation Project Report Health Needs Assessment: Stroke in South West and South East London Author: Version: Date: Client: Ref No: Dr John Hayward, Sarah Martin, Dr Michael Soljak Final Version 16.03.09 South West and South East London Cardiac and Stroke Network Boards P132 A Social Enterprise organisation and Community Interest Company Registered office: PO Box 1295, 20 Station Road, Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire, SL9 8EL English Company Number: 06480440 VAT Registration: 926 9466 78 www.phast.org.uk E&OE Final Project Report P132 Health Needs Assessment: Stroke in South West and South East London Public Health Action Support Team (PHAST) The Public Health Action Support Team (PHAST) is a Community Interest Company. This is a type of social enterprise that is committed to using its surpluses and assets for the public good. Social enterprises are social mission driven organisations which trade in goods or services for a social purpose.1 PHAST is based at Imperial College, London. It has over 60 experienced and expert public health professionals whose aim is to improve the health of the population and reduce inequalities. Many have worked at high level in the NHS, the Department of Health or in academia. Quality assurance and due diligence processes are in place to ensure all associates work to the highest standard. PHAST also has associates with economic, ethical and legal expertise. For further details see www.phast...
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...Harri Sintonen for their very helpful comments. All errors remain the authors’. Abstract Excess drinking is associated with lost productivity, accidents, disability, early death, crime, neglect of family responsibilities, and personality deterioration. These and related concerns have justified special restrictions on alcoholic-beverage commerce and consumption. The nature and extent of government involvement in this arena vary widely over time and place, and are often controversial. Economists have contributed to the evaluation of alcohol policy through empirical work on the effects of alcohol-control measures on consumption and its consequences. Economics has also provided an accounting framework for defining and comparing costs and benefits of interventions, including excise taxes. Outside of the policy arena, economists have analyzed alcohol consumption in the context of stretching the standard model of consumer choice to include intertemporal effects and social influence. Nonetheless, perhaps the most important contribution by economists has been the repeated demonstration that there is nothing unusual about alcohol in at least one essential respect: consumers drink less ethanol (and have fewer alcohol-related problems) when alcohol-beverage prices are increased. Important econometric challenges remain, including the search for a satisfactory resolution to the conflicting results on the effect of price changes on consumption by consumers who tend to drink heavily. There...
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...healthier lives. We are deeply committed and dedicated to the people who use our products, our employees, the communities in which we live and work, and you, our shareholders. Most important, we will never lose sight of who we are. ON tHE COVER Matt Cox, who has type 1 diabetes and uses the waterproof ANIMAS® VIBE™ insulin pump, swam an English Channel relay to raise money for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. Matt wants to show his son, Jack, who also has type 1 diabetes, that the condition need not hold him back in life. Read Matt’s story on page 16. CHAIRMAN’S LETTER To Our Shareholders hroughout our annual report this year, you’ll read the severe economic decline; the tightening of consumer about how Johnson & Johnson is bringing meaningful spending and health care budgets; over-the-counter (OTC) innovation to our patients and customers, and making product quality issues at McNeil Consumer Healthcare and a difference in their lives in a personal way—from the recall of the DePuy ASR™ Hip System. Brunhilde Wecker, who made a full recovery from her stroke Our company was severely tested. thanks to our new blood clot retrieval and removal device, In managing through this stretch, we relied heavily on the resolve to our own Bill Hait, an oncologist whose vision and insights of our people and on our time-tested business model: our broad helped accelerate the approval of a wholly new treatment for base in health care, our decentralized management structure, prostate...
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...Heart Failure Western Governors University Pathopharmacological Foundations for Advanced Nursing Practice Heart Failure It is estimated that about five million people in the United States are living with heart failure with an overwhelming number of 550,000 newly diagnosed cases each year, costing the nation roughly $32 billion dollars per year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). Heart failure is a complex, pathophysiological condition in which the ventricles of the heart is weakened and unable to pump effectively to meet the body’s needs for nutrients or has lost adequate filling capacity. Clinical presentations of heart failure depends on which ventricles have failed to pump blood adequately; left ventricular failure, also known as congestive heart failure (CHF) is more common than right ventricular failure (McCance & Huether, 2014). The most common symptoms of heart failure are shortness of breath, fatigue, and peripheral edema. HF is not a disease, but rather a manifestation of a diseased heart. Large number of disorders can lead to heart failure, and with the aging population and many surviving primary cardiac events, it is no surprise that the most common reason for hospitalization in patients older than 65 years old is heart failure (McClintock, Mose, & Smith, 2014). Heart failure has become a major public health problem because it is the only cardiac condition that continues to increase in prevalence (McClintock, Mose, & Smith, 2014)...
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...First Aid/CPR/AED PARTICIPANT’S MANUAL American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED PARTICIPANT’S MANUAL This participant’s manual is part of the American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED program. By itself, it does not constitute complete and comprehensive training. Visit redcross.org to learn more about this program. The emergency care procedures outlined in this book reflect the standard of knowledge and accepted emergency practices in the United States at the time this book was published. It is the reader’s responsibility to stay informed of changes in emergency care procedures. PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING TERMS AND CONDITIONS BEFORE AGREEING TO ACCESS AND DOWNLOAD THE AMERICAN RED CROSS MATERIALS. BY DOWNLOADING THE MATERIALS, YOU HEREBY AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS. The downloadable electronic materials, including all content, graphics, images and logos, are copyrighted by and the exclusive property of The American National Red Cross (“Red Cross”). Unless otherwise indicated in writing by the Red Cross, the Red Cross grants you (“recipient”) the limited right to download, print, photocopy and use the electronic materials, subject to the following restrictions: ■ The recipient is prohibited from selling electronic versions of the materials. ■ The recipient is prohibited from revising, altering, adapting or modifying the materials. ■ The recipient is prohibited from creating any derivative works incorporating, in part or in whole, the content of the materials...
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