...Chinese Culture(中国传统文化) Ghulam Abbas Kan (3115999115) Email id:abbasalmani591@hotmail.com School of Electronic and information Xi’an Jiaotong University. INTRODUCTION: Culture itself is a relatively large concept. Generally speaking, culture is a kind of social phenomenon, and it is the product of people's long-term creation. At the same time, it is a historical accumulation of social history. The general culture is the sum of all the material and spiritual wealth created by human beings. Exactly speaking, culture refers to a country or a nation's history, geographical conditions, traditions, customs, way of life, literature, art, normative behavior, ways of thinking, values, and so on. According to the definition of British anthropologist Edward teller, culture "includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and as a member of the society the ability and habits that complex whole". Its core is as spiritual products of all kinds of knowledge, this matter is spread. Culture is a phenomenon peculiar to human beings. Culture is created by people, being unique.The culture is the product of human social practice. Chinese traditional culture is the civilization evolution and exchange integrated a reflect the national character and style of the national culture is nation in the history of all kinds of thoughts and ideology of the overall characterization, refers to the living in the area of Chinese nation and the ancestors created and inherited from generation to generation...
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...other, and the most common misunderstandings that arise AMERICANS don't know much about China. What they do know comes from three main sources: movies, the news, and history classes. This can be a sensitive subject, and I do not wish to offend anyone - my goal is only to give you an overview of American stereotypes of China. Just as I have encountered many stereotypes that the Chinese have of America (some accurate, some absurd, some insulting), one can similarly encounter American stereotypes of China in the US. - All Chinese know kungfu and dress like Huang Feihong. (Source: Jet Li, Jackie Chan, and Bruce Lee [Li Xiaolong] movies). - Anything to do with China is "ancient" and "mysterious." (Source: the fact that Chinese language seems to be made up of "mysterious symbols" to Western eyes, movies about Chinese history). - All Chinese are "brainwashed" into worshipping Chairman Mao and can't think independently. (Source: studying the Cultural Revolution in high school history classes.) - "Guangdonghua" (Cantonese) is the official language of China. (Source: Hong Kong movies, Chinese-American immigrants who came to the US from Guangdong and Hong Kong during the 19th and 20th centuries). - Chinese culture is basically the same today as it was 1,000 years ago (eg, "traditional, conservative, polite," etc.). (Source: studying Chinese history without being familiar with modern China). - In China, no one can express any idea that isn't approved by Chairman Mao - if you do express an...
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...Americanization Impact Less in the World With the development of economic and worldwide communication, globalization becomes a familiar word for people today. Some people address that globalization is Americanization because of forced influence from the United States. Whereas, a history professor, Richard Pells argues that “What we have in the 21st century is not a hegemonic American culture but multiple forms of art and entertainment-voices, images and ideas that can spring up anywhere and be disseminated all over the planet”(248). Pells believes cultures influence mutually instead of being impacted and dominated by Americanization. Also, culture can spread to the world through art, entertainment, and any other forms rather than only accept Americanization. Even though Americanization has significant effect in the world undeniably, the effect reduces recently. Pells also claims that “There is a sense overseas today that America’s culture exports are not as important, or as alluring, as they once today such as the cultural action is elsewhere- not so much in Manhattan or San Francisco but in Berlin and Mumbai.”(248). Americanization has less impact for other countries. Chinese audiences no longer go to theater to watch Hollywood movies as frequently as before. Also, individuals do not love American food blindly since local restaurants are rising up to compete with American food. In addition, Americanization is not only losing impact overseas, it is also invaded by foreign culture...
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... China and the West Major:International Trade Name:Marina Lau ID Number:0943117 Abstract The Chinese food culture and the western food culture are distinctly different .This passage analyses the differences in four aspects—the food raw materials, the ways of cooking, the tableware and the eating habits .At the same time ,it also analyses the reason why this two culture are different from each other .Then it shows that the development of the two kinds of food and finally it gives the conclusion. Introduction Food is the physical foundation for human to survive .It’s also the premise that the society can develop healthily and steadily. China has been a historical country which is particular about its food and good at cooking since ancient times .While the western people also pay much attention to their food and enjoy their eating lives .So ,with the development of the world ,China created the Chinese food culture that is extensive ,profound with a long history behind it ,while the West formed the western food culture that is varied ,rich and colorful .This two cultures are both great ,but they are different from each other in many points—the food raw materials ,the ways of cooking ,the tableware ,the eating habits and so on .But just because of these differences ,we can taste many delicious food .And by enjoying these delicious food , we can also have a better understanding of the different cultures from different places. Key word Food culture China ...
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...fall of the Qing dynasty 1911-12? This essay will be looking at how much of a contribution the spread of revolutionary beliefs in China had in the fall of the Qing Dynasty. In order to determine the importance of this I will therefore also be looking at other factors such as, foreign interference, double tenth and the inability to change. I believe it is partially accurate to say that the spread of revolutionary beliefs was important in the downfall of the Qing Dynasty; however it wasn’t necessarily the most important factor. This can be determined from the effects of Sun Yatsen’s anti-government movement in China. Initially, the extreme need for revolution and reform stemmed from Cixi’s need and desire for conservatism. Her oblivious attitude towards the failure of the government angered many people and essentially gave reformers the ammunition to spread their own beliefs. As previously mentioned, Sun Yatsen was one of the people who felt strongly about changing the way things worked in China. He was particularly open minded and due to his education abroad had adopted a Westernized style of thinking. Thus, Yatsen attempted to modernise and regenerate China by removing foreign control and reasserting their unique character and greatness by forming the revolutionary alliance in 1905. Within this, his greatest belief was that the only way in which China would be able to modernise was if they became a republic, so his party formalised this concept as the “Three Principles of the People”...
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...MSc Management Cross-cultural Management module Cross Cultural Study of China and America Name of Student Name of Instructor Dated: Table of Contents S. No. | Topic | Page No. | Cross Cultural Study of China and America | | 1- | Introduction | 3 | 2- | Chinese Culture | 3 | 3- | Leadership styles and skills of China | 4 | 4- | Motivating others | 4 | 5- | Trust Builder | 5 | 6- | Talent retention | 5 | 7- | High Performance team | 5 | 8- | Management Style of China | 5 | 9- | The Guanxi | 6 | 10- | Individualism and collectivism | 6 | 11 | America’s Culture | 6 | 12 | Leadership Styles in America | 7 | 13 | Directive leadership | 7 | 14 | Participative leadership | 7 | 15 | Empowering leadership | 8 | 16 | Charismatic leadership | 8 | 17 | Management Styles of America | 8 | 18 | Ethical issues in cross cultural of China and America | 8 | 19 | Compare and contrast between China and USA | 9 | 20 | Conclusion | 11 | 21 | References | 12 | Introduction: This paper consists of cross cultural study of two developed countries named USA and China. These countries are well developed and exist in the major countries of the world. Both have an entire different culture in reference of behavior, leadership styles and management. China is the part of eastern countries and USA is a western country, both have entirely different environment and too far from each other. There are many roles that are involved in any organization...
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...key feature, location. Their manufacturing plants are located in places where the costs of goods sold is reduced and especially the production of appliances. This is because there are several regions and countries of the world that allow this. They have plants in Poland, Hungary, Mexico, China and Thailand. This has opened up a global market and to save money, those plants deliver to their neighboring countries. 2. How can AB Electrolux compete with local Chinese consumer manufacturers? This becomes a difficult task to accomplish because AB Electrolux has a hard time selling their products in China. This is due to the low priced competition that AB has to deal with in China. What AB should do is accommodate to China’s needs. Perhaps build another manufacturing plant in China that makes products with lesser quality perhaps but with low prices. Like that they can sell both low price and high price products. This might get results even though it might be pricey at first. 3. How can they maintain their premium brand with premium prices? This can conflict with my previous solution. But it is key that this technique stays unique to China because you don’t want people in other countries thinking AB sells a cheap product. In order to fully maintain this premium image they must continue to do what they are doing. Manufacture in these countries that reduce prices of manufacturing appliances. Like this, the money they save in manufacturing can go towards the making and materials of...
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...Unique by康迪 Business Plan Unique by康迪 1 Unique by康迪 Table of content 1. E x e c u t i v e S u m m a r y 2. O b j e c t i v e s 3. M i s s i o n 5 5 5 5 4 3 4. K e y t o S u c c e s 5. C o m p a n y S u m m a r y 1. 2. Start-Up Summary Pr o d u c t 6 2 . 1 Pr o d u c t D e s c r i p t i o n 6 6 2.2 Competitive comparison 2.3 Future products 6. Market Analysis Summary 7 7-8 7 6.1 SWOT Analysis 6 . 2 S e g m e n t a t i o n a n d Ta r g e t i n g 6.3 Market trends 7. 10 10 10 10 8-9 Strategy and implementation summary 7.1 Competitive edge 7.2 Marketing Strategy 7 . 2 . 1 Pr i c i n g 7 . 2 . 2 Pr o m o t i o n 7.3 Sales Strategy 7.4 Sales Forecast 11 11 10 10 8. Management Summary 11 11 8 . 1 Pe r s o n n e l P l a n 9. Financial Plan 12-15 9.1 Important assumptions 9.2 Break Even Analysis 12 12 9 . 3 Pr o j e c t e d Pr o f i t a n d L o s s 9 . 4 Pr o j e c t e d C a s h F l o w 15 13 2 1. Executive Summary In our days make-up products are a necessity for many women. We all want to look our very best, and make-up products such as foundations allow us to accomplish that even in those days when, for various reasons, we are not at our 100%. As China is a country of a growing economy, more and more foreign people immigrant to China every year, e.g. for the purpose of studying and working. By that, their are also more people with african or south american background to China. Right now, the Chinese cosmetic market barely offers any affordable foundation for...
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...Coca-Cola (China), Key Success Factors Analysis [pic][pic][pic] Coca-Cola company from its inception in 1886, has been its delicious carbonated beverage products has swept the world, after enduring 117 years. Coca-Cola entered China in 1927, for some reason after the withdrawal of return to China in 1979, and set up a Coca-Cola (China) Limited. Now Coca-Cola (China) Co., Ltd. has become China's largest beverage joint venture, each of the taxes turned over to the country reached three billion yuan. 20 years, Coca-Cola (China) Co., Ltd. has achieved excellent results, has become a pioneer leader in soft drink sales market is regarded as specimens of the same industry and model. Coca-Cola Company is able to do in China, made such a huge success? Through the Coca-Cola (China) Beverages companies personal work experience, I am deeply aware of: Coca-Cola Company is not only a brand to create a company, but also a base for training and practice, is fast moving consumer goods industry, 'Whampoa Military Academy'. It seeks to create all the conditions for their employees to play the staff expertise to develop the skills of employees, and tap the potential of employees, truly make the best use. Coca-Cola Company is the culture of the achievements of these talented of the brand. Therefore we can say is unique and effective human resources strategy for making Coca-Cola Company to create a spectacular performance, becoming the world's No...
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...The Power of the Cultural Globalization: Taiwanese Pop Music in China In recent years, much of the most popular music and artists in China and throughout the Chinese-speaking world (Singapore, Hong Kong, overseas Chinese, and, to a certain extent, Malaysia) have come from Taiwan. Even in non-Chinese-speaking countries throughout the Asia-Pacific region (such as Japan, Korea, and Indonesia), Taiwanese pop culture is becoming increasingly trendy and fashionable. This has happened despite significant challenges that Taiwan faces due to its unique political situation and is a testament that the pillar of cultural globalization has to the power to transcend national boundaries. In fact, Taiwan’s success in media and entertainment is bringing Taiwan and China far closer together than political and economic means have over the past six decades. Since China began opening up to the world in the 1980s, mainland Chinese have been more receptive to music from other parts of the Chinese-speaking world, in spite of cultural and political differences. Nowhere is this more obvious than the vociferous consumption of Taiwanese pop culture, particularly its music. According to Baidu, China’s top search engine, 12 of the Top 25 singles in China in December 2007 were from Taiwan, including seven songs in the Top 10. Another seven were by artists from Hong Kong and Singapore. Only eight songs on the list were from mainland artists. One potential reason for this success is Taiwan’s relative...
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...The Axial Age has become a popular term among scholars, where there were a lot of influential ideas occurring at this particular time for the 500 years roughly up to the Christian era. The areas where the sages and schools unfolded were stretched axislike across Eurasia and ideas spread not only in the originated area but also all over the world. Since the disciples wrote down their teaching, there is a lot of physical evidence of the body of texts that survived that is now used as a guide and reference for studies. It was a major shift in human thinking and saw a development of multiple new religions, such as Buddhism, Confucianism, and Daoism. Religious thinking was changed during the Axial Age, focusing on explanations of how the universe...
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...Term Definition Ethnic group A group of people bound by an ethnic relationship. Anti-Semitism A hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group. Islamophobia A fear of the Islamic faith and race. Xenophobia Fear and hatred of strangers or foreigners or of anything that is strange of foreign. Persecution The act of harassing or punishing someone in a manner designed to injure, grieve, or afflict. To cause to suffer. Religious group A group that focuses belief of a God or a worshipful diety. Part II Select at least 1 religious and 1 ethnic/racial group not your own from the list below. • Religious groups (based on http://religions.pewforum.org/pdf/affiliations-all-traditions.pdf) o Christianity • Evangelical Protestant • Mainline Protestant • Historically Black Churches • Roman Catholic • Latter-Day Saints (Mormons) • Jehovah’s Witnesses • Orthodox (Greek, Eastern) o Judaism (Orthodox, Conservative, or Reform) o Buddhism (Theravada or Mahayana) o Islam (Sunni, Shia, Sufism) o Hinduism • Racial/Ethnic groups (based on divisions in U.S. Census Bureau documents) o Asian (Asian descent) o Black (African descent) o Hispanic and Latino (South or Central American descent) o Pacific Islander (Polynesian descent) o White (European descent) Part III Answer the following questions in 150 to 250 words each about the religious group you selected: • How does your selected religious group...
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...MANAGEMENT Confucius on Management History has shown that China is a significant creator and repository of great philosophies, yet we know little of Chinese philosophies on leadership. With China becoming a global economic and political force, we need to learn from and to understand Chinese leadership philosophies. We must also consider that China is now in the process of blending its tradition, customs and practices with Western concepts and ideas. In the business world, it is the blending of its wisdom and Western practices. Successful leadership behavior of today's more culturally diverse workforce is one of the most important challenges organizations face. CHINA The People's Republic of China today seems to be entering the modern world, coming out of the shadow of the warlords, the 20-year struggle between communism and nationalism, and the Cultural Revolution. Moves are afoot to shift the Chinese economy more toward the market-oriented end of the spectrum. China’s 1978 open door policy initiated rapid economic development, and consequently exposed china to a flood to Western management practices. CHINA 2 China is a country of old and new and one that is in transition. With the rise of China in the global economy, it has never been more important for business leaders to understand Chinese leadership philosophies and practices. Ancient Chinese thinking and Western ideas have shaped the development of leadership styles in China. Leadership theories (paternalistic leadership as practiced...
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...American company eBay has suffered significant financial loses in the Asian markets due to the industrial powerful country of China which has an unmatched presence on the website Asian markets. The solution for eBay’s company is come up with strategic selling plan to overcome and beat down China’s on line selling leading industry, in addition, it would be extremely beneficial for eBay’s company to lower down the purchase fees and create unique shopping features on line to make it more attractive to Asian shoppers. Currently some statistics suggest that Chinese consumers are willing to pay for internet services that they deem worthwhile. For example, Chinese consumers purchased several hundred million dollars worth of virtual currency last year from companies such as Tencent to upgrade online personal games and buy custom ring tones for their for their mobile phones. Chinese youth have shown their willingness to make online purchases and pay for Internet services. According to the China Internet Development Research Center under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, e-commerce sales grew 58%, to almost $70 billion, over the last two years, with almost $3 billion of that in consumer-to-consumer sales. E-commerce growth has remained steady, as the number of Internet users in China has grown from 90 million to 130 million since 2004. When eBay entered China, their Paypal payment method did not seamlessly integrate escrow into the sales process. Taobao's popular Alipay made escrow...
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...performance prior to being acquired by Geely. Targeting the lower end of premium auto segment, historically, Volvo has focused on sustaining competitive advantage in safety through constant innovation. Over the last 82 years, the strategy has earned Volvo a strong brand equity and global recognition of its reliance and adherence to high safety standards. However, in 2000s it struggled with profitability due to increasing competition, changing customer preferences, and ineffective cost management and, finally, the recession. Discuss Geely’s strategy and competitive positioning in the auto industry prior to acquiring Volvo. In contrast to Volvo, Geely targeted the low cost-low quality budget segment, pursuing tier 2 and 3 towns in China. With relatively short history and small size, up until recently Geely had been mostly using the imitation strategy in its car design and production, which allowed for growth and increasing profitability. However, to accelerate growth of its modest market share, Geely has shifted its focus on technology in order to differentiate from the steep competition. Its competitive positioning is being in transition from low price advantage to technological advantage, with the objective to rapidly expand domestically and internationally. Why did Geely acquire Volvo? What are some of the merger integration challenges Geely faces, and how should they be addressed? There is very little overlap between Geely and Volvo in nearly all aspects of doing...
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