...The Daphnia magna is a small crustacean that was used for the experiment. The purpose of this lab experiment was to determine how both caffeine and alcohol would affect the heart rate of a Daphnia magna. The results showed that when caffeine was added to the Daphnia magna, its heart rate increased faster than when alcohol was added. In this lab report, the steps are explained on how we conducted the experiment. Also, any errors that happened during the experiment will be analyzed more in detailed in this lab report. Introduction Daphnia magna is a little crustacean that is found living in ponds. It duplicates by sexual reproduction, varying with the creation of asexual offspring (Roulin, 2013). The Daphnia magna is a transparent crustacean...
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...consumable goods such as beers and coffee (Lab Notebook). Both drugs are known for causing physiological differences in organisms. It is important to be aware of the potential ramifications these substances since they are so widely used and ingested. In humans, heart rates were increased slightly with the additional of ethanol (Abdel-Rahman 1987). In rats, heart rates were both increased and decreased with the addition of ethanol depending on the level of stress the rats were in (Arciero 1998). In humans, caffeine did not affect heart rates (Sparrow 1987). Different ages of humans had heart rates that were not affected by caffeine (Umemura 2006). The purpose of this experiment was to test if the quantity of ethanol and caffeine increases or decreases the heart rates in Daphnia magna. We predicted that the heart rates of the Daphnia would rise when exposed to ethanol, yet would remain the same when exposed to caffeine. We also hypothesized that the higher the concentration of the drug in the solution, the more effect the drug would have on the organism. Methods We conducted the experiment on Daphnia...
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...hypothesis based on those observations, then perform the fix/experiment, then record the results. In lab number two, Daphnia organisms will be placed in water, a caffeine solution, and an alcohol solution, and for each solution the Daphnia is placed in, the organism will be observed and the heartbeat will be recorded. Making these observations will allow an insight to how the organism and other organism are affected by both caffeine and alcohol. Like humans, will the Daphnia be sluggish after being exposed to alcohol and...
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...Introduction: Substances present in the body along with substances added to the body, or loss, can affect heart rate. Chronotopic drugs are able to affect the heart rate in a positive or negative way. Positive additives would increase the heart rate where negative additives would decrease heart rate. In order to compare the difference of certain chemicals on heart rate, a lab testing the effects on a daphnia magna will be performed. A daphnia magna is a flea that lives in water. Five different commonly used solutions will be ingested by five different daphnia magna. These agents affect daphnia magna much like they affect humans. The normal heart rate of each daphnia magna will be recorded before the solution is added, and afterwards...
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...Effect of Substances on the Heart Rate of a Daphnia Magna Lab Report Katherine Schmucker WCCC/Semester 2 A&P 2/Bio-072 Dr. Matthew Sisak February 6, 2015 Introduction: The substances that were applied to the Daphnia were aspirin, nasal spray, adrenalin, acetylcholine, and alka seltzer (College, p. 42). Aspirin’s active additive is acetyl salicylic acid (Henderson, n.d.). The nasal spray’s active additive is “therapeutic (Administration, 2002).” Adrenalin’s active additive is “acid tartrate (Agency, n.d.).” Acetylcholine contains “5-methyl tetrahydrofolate, huperzine A, and alpha-tocotrienol (Research, 2015).” Alka seltzer’s active additive include aspirin, sodium bicarbonate, and citric acid (Alka-Seltzer Effervescent Tablets Original,...
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...sources for metabolic efficiency. It is generally known that the metabolic rate, and thus the heartrate, of animals scale exponentially with a change in temperature. A common rule of thumb is that the metabolic rate of an animal doubles with a 10 ͦC increase in temperature (Lawson, 2001) Daphnia, more commonly known as water lice, are soft-bodied aquatic animals used for live feeding of aquarium fish. The transparent exoskeleton of this animal makes it...
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...Daphnia magna is a transparent water flea species found in rocky pools along the Atlantic Ocean. The Daphnia’s body is encased in a clear structure called carapace (Elenbaas, 2013). The exoskeleton, carapace, provides protection for the Daphnia magna, “The portion of the hard exoskeleton, or shell, that covers all or part of the body of many crustaceans…” (“Definition, n.d.). As John Clare says, “Generally the life span increases as temperature decreases, due to lowered metabolic activity” (2002). Daphnia magna are able to sustain life approximately 16 days longer at 20 Celsius when compared to a life cycle at 25 Celsius (Clare, 2002). The heart can be easily seen under a light microscope due to the transparency of the skin (Handy, 2012). A...
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...This experiment was designed to test the effects of certain environmental factors and chemicals on the heart rate of Daphnia. The Daphnia’s transparency allows the heart to be identified and counted under a microscope when the Daphnia are exposed to these factors. To study the influence of these factors on the Daphnia, four petri dishes were filled with a few drops of room temperature water, ethanol, sugar water, and about 5℃ water respectively. The sugar water was made by mixing a dash of sugar added to water until the sugar dissolved; whereas, the 5℃ water was made by placing in the dish and adding a few ice cubes until the temperature reached 5℃. For each liquid, a few fibers from a cotton ball were separated and placed on a slide in the...
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...Introduction Daphnia, or commonly known as water fleas, are a very important food source to many ecosystems. However daphnia are very sensitive to changes in the water which means that small changes can cause the death of many daphnia. One such change is the increasing appearance of blue-green and green algae blooms in many ecosystems. Algae blooms are very toxic to multiple creatures in the ecosystem. Thus bringing up the question: If blue-green and/or green algae blooms become prevalent will the mortality rate of daphnia increase? There have been many experiments done which show that it could be possible that certain strands of blue-green and green algae create substances that are highly toxic to daphnia while some strands produce substances that are not toxic at all. If algae blooms produce substances that are toxic to daphnia...
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...somewhat supported as well as somewhat refuted. As the hypothesis stated that the group with the lowed BPM would be the control group, the test where daphnia stayed in the regular tank water. However the two tests with the different solutions of sugar was the opposite of what I projected would happen. The test with the solution that contained the orange juice had the highest BPM total for the daphnia. My hypothesis projected that the daphnia that would be exposed to the cane sugar solution would have the highest BPM out of all the groups but the test disproved this idea. Although the two tests that had the sugars were different the data also suggests that there is not a huge difference between the two different types of sugar. This shows that although the two are very different to the control group, sugar affects a daphnia's heart regardless....
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...Through the results of this experiment, the effects of three over the counter allergy medications on heart rate of a Daphnia magna were able to be explored. As hypothesized, Benadryl significantly reduced the heart rate of the water flea after a period of two minutes - a 29% decrease in fact. The water flea also experienced an uneven heart rate and slowed movements. Since diphenhydramine does not discriminate between which histamine receptors that it blocks, the H3 receptors that prevent sleep and increase wakefulness are blocked - thereby leading to drowsiness (13). The uneven, slowed movement, and reduced heart rate are all indicators of the side effects that correspond with the Benadryl medication that is also specified on the label....
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...temperature ranges on which reactions inside a living thing would perform optimally and its performance would decrease as the temperature deviates from that range. The measurement of heart rate can be considered as an indicator of the performance for many living things. Licht et al [1965] studied the effect of temperature on the capacity of performing an activity for the Lizards [1]. Du et al [2001] studied the effect of temperature on different reptilian embryos and showed that the increase in temperature resulted in increased heart rate [2]. The closest study to our work is done by Lankeymeyer et al [2003] who studied the performance various animals, such as water flea Daphnia magna Strauss, with respect to temperature [3]. In our study, we want to see the effect of a stimulant such as caffeine on the heart rate of Daphnia. We quantify the...
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...Daphnia Magna are small crustaceans that are excellent for observing the effect of depressants on their nervous system. Daphnia may be used in certain environments to test the toxicity levels in an ecosystem. Due to the easy visibility of the heart, daphnia are mostly used to monitor the effects of certain drugs. Scientists can thoroughly investigate the progression of chemicals on their metabolic processes. The purpose of this specific experiment is to observe the effect of ethanol, aspirin, and caffeine on daphnia’s heart rate. In the past, these compounds have not been able to provide sufficient results, however daphnia might be able to provide consistent results. Not only do these chemicals affect heart rate, but they also affect frequency of reproduction, number of eggs produced, and body structure. Pesticides similar to these chemicals can be released into the environment which is why daphnia might be useful in the task of monitoring toxicity levels. They are also invaluable to...
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...Daphnia shows a lot of similarities to higher crustaceans in their entire morphology, nervous system (Chen et .al 2005). The first antennae are considered to be the main chemoreceptor organ of Daphnia which are sexually dimorphic, long and having an additional flagellum in males but remaining close to the body in females. For example: in Daphnia magna, the first antennae of males are approximately 400 microns long while in females they are about 100 microns long. In Daphnia pulex the antennule length is250um in male and in females remains close to the body but setae length being similar to males being 30 microns long. Daphnia magna have more pronounced first antennules in females and in males the flagellum is heavily ciliated. Understanding...
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...2) Ecotoxicity testing on Daphnia magna Acute immobolisation test on Daphnia sp. following OECD guideline 202 In immobilization test, daphnids are exposed to the ENMs at the range of concentrations for 48 hrs. The immobilization of daphnids is indicated at 48 hrs and compared with control values. The percentages of immobilization against the concentration are plotted to determine the EC50 at 48 hrs. The procedure of testing is described as follows. a) D. magna at age of less than 24 hrs are used in this test; five healthy daphnids are placed into a test vessel filled with ISO test water and composite natural water for each ENM concentration and control. At least five concentrations of each ENM are tested. b) Daphnids are exposed to each concentration of each ENM for 48 hrs at...
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