...Using the health belief model, how can nurses encourage patients to make immediate and permanent behavior changes; particularly as they relate to lifestyle choices? Perceived severity is the degree to which the person attributes negative medical, clinical, or social consequences to being diagnosed with an illness. Together, perceived susceptibility and perceived severity provide motivation for reducing or eliminating such threats. The type of action taken depends on perceived benefits (beliefs about the effectiveness of different actions) and perceived barriers (potential negative aspects of particular actions). People are thought to weigh an action's effectiveness in reducing a health threat against possible negative outcomes The health promotion, have achieved through internal mechanisms intrinsic or three people, some of these are: 1. Self-care, ie, decisions and actions that the person performs for the benefit of their own health. 2. Mutual aid or that people do to help each other according to the situation they are living. 3. The creation of healthy environments or environmental conditions that promote health, such as healthy schools that constitute enhancers scenarios the capacities of children, in which health education and health promotion They are educational options for human development and values education in childhood. The health promotion in addition to personal and behavioral considers as more comprehensive strategy for implementation and dissemination...
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...Online Risk Assessment Analysis Several models of health beliefs and behaviors have been developed to help determine whether an individual is likely to participate in disease prevention and health promotion activities. The purpose of the health assessment is to establish a database for the client’s normal abilities, risk factors that can contribute to dysfunction, and any current alterations in function (Pender, 2001). Of the two models, Health Belief Model and Health Promotion Model, the model that most reflect my belief is the Health Promotion Model. The Health Promotion Model is a way of thinking that revolve around the philosophy of promoting better health physically, emotionally, socially, spiritually, occupationally, environmentally and intellectually. Because I am aware of the relationship between lifestyle and illness, I strive to develop health-promoting habits, such as getting adequate exercise, rest, and relaxation, maintaining good nutrition and reducing stress to lead a better quality life. The following are the results of my health assessment. Perceived benefits of action * According to my health assessment, the data reflects that I have a sense of self-responsibility and personal accountability for my health. I have a tendency to be more engage in maintaining health-promoting behaviors, due to past experiences of poor health with family members. Much of my attitude and behavior is solidified, due to poor health choices that caused many uneventful and early...
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...Community and Public health care is the best avenue in promoting health and prevention of illness in a community based setting. Usability of Pender’s Health Model and Health Belief Model in a community or public health program is Pender’s research focus on health care activities that will promote wellness of people. Health promotion, disease prevention can be more easily established and practice through community mobilization. People in rural areas practice holistic medicine, this may be due to socio-economic, culture and demographic where access to health care is limited or too expensive. Health Belief Model is a cognitively based model that focus health promotion, etiology of the identification of the disease process as it affects the community. This was one of the first health care theories, developed by Public Health Nurses to improved community health programs, in order to improved community participations in health and wellness programs. Healthy behaviors maybe identified by a person perception and behavioral modifications. For example high risk sexual behaviors and the possibility of acquiring the disease process.( Croyle RT, 2005 ) They differences between these two Model – a. Pender’s Health Promotion Model aimed to educate Public Health Nurses, in order for these nurses to become professional patient advocate in the disease process to educate their clients. Through education it will promote healthy behaviors, Pender’s (1987) saw health promotion as comprised of activities...
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...Discussion on how theory and research in health psychology has been helpful or unhelpful in addressing human problems. Areas important in health psychology involve studies of behaviour which courses illness and also a way to try motivate individuals to leave healthy with the influence from hospitals and care professionals in the society. ‘Health psychology is the aggregate of the specific educational, scientific and professional contribution of the discipline of psychology to the promotion and maintenance of health, the prevention and treatment of illnesses’ Matarazzo (1980). As health psychology is widely related to health the definition of healthy is by the World Health Organization (WHO) 1948 saying that health is ‘the state of complete physical, social and spiritual well-being, not simply the absences of illnesses’. As psychology is the science of behaviour and change; psychologists have helped to influence change in people’s life. As health psychology is interested mainly in health and health maintenance rather than on diseases and disease prevention. It was found in the 1970s when many countries (western) began to suffer from diseases and death in result to declining expenditures, to resolve the situation health promotion strategies were introduced. As there are many factors that courses diseases for example smoking which leads to diseases like cardiovascular disease, to investigate the relationship between health behaviours, health and disease outcomes studies would be...
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...helps” practitioners to interpret the findings of their research and make the leap from facts on a page to understanding the dynamic interactions between behavior and environmental context”. The health belief model was developed by Irwin Rosenstock in 1966 and has been identified as one of the earliest and most influential models in health promotion. The model included four components: 1) Perceived susceptibility 2) perceived severity 3) perceived barriers 4) perceived cost of adhering to the proposed intervention. The health belief model can be applied to diverse cultural and ethnic groups. For example some Latino mothers believe that the more robust their babies the healthier they are, this belief leads to child obesity and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Using the health belief model can be useful to acknowledge the obesity as a health problem. Make Hispanic mothers understand the threat posed by the health problem, the benefits of avoiding the threat and factors influencing the decision to act. When applying the HBM, health providers should assess whether or not the target population believe in the seriousness of the health problem and whether the believe action can reduce the threat at an acceptable cost. (Glanz K, 2002). Community level model can also be useful in promoting healthy eating pattern. They offers strategies that work in a variety of setting such as schools, community group, worksites,and governmental agencies. The involment...
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...Running head: HEALTH PROMOTION IN NURSING CARE HEALTH PROMOTION IN NURSING CARE Donna Pisarski Grand Canyon University Family-Centered Health Promotion NRS-429V Ms. Renita Holmes September 21, 2012 Health Promotion in Nursing Care This paper will discuss health promotion and what health care changes are occurring. Through the expanding role in nursing this paper discusses what those roles will entail and the use of primary, secondary, and tertiary care when developing a patient centered care plan. The health care field has been traditionally based around a concept of healing the ill, finding cures, and eradicating disease through immunizations, health being viewed as the absence of disease. Today’s medicine is changing to a new process, a process of promoting health and wellbeing through disease prevention, the teachings of healthy eating and being physically fit. A push to get people involved with and take responsibility for their own health is known as “health promotion”. President Obama signed the Affordable Care Act on March 23,2010, by doing this the whole climate of health care change. A call out for all health care professionals to practice to the full extent of their education and competencies, to streamline health care towards a patient centered system, and deliver a more primary care approach (Institute of Medicine, 2011, pp. 86-87). The goal by doing this is to improve health and wellness, quality of life, and in-turn reduce health care expenditure in...
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...Project: Discussion and comparison of health promotion and prevention levels Nathan McCain Grand Canyon University Family Centered Health Promotion NRS 429V Kimberly Stout June 24, 2012 Comparative Research Project: Discussion and comparison of health promotion and prevention levels The purpose of this paper is to discuss the application of the three levels of health promotion: primary, secondary, and tertiary. To be included in this discussion, how health promotion is defined, the purpose of health promotion in nursing practice, nursing roles and responsibilities evolving in health promotion, and comparison of the three levels of health prevention. Three current journal articles relating to youth violence were chosen for examination of content and comparison regarding their methodology in their use of health promotion and prevention, at specified levels of care. Health promotion is defined in different manners. The general consensus within the health care community is that any model should reflect healthy actions and positive outlooks regarding health and well-being. The client should play a large part in the design of how their health goals are assessed, evaluated, and implemented. The client should be taught self-directed actions of care that improve their ability to magnify well-being, by enhancing their physical activity, improving their diet, managing stress, and eliminating unhealthy lifestyle habits. Health promotion and prevention should be directed toward...
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...The Health Promotion model accentuates three major concepts in which the theory consistently defines each of them. Within these three concepts of the model include, individual characteristics and experiences, behavior-specific cognitions and affect and behavioral outcomes (Pender, 2011). The first of these is defined as the current beliefs and characteristics of the individual that influence their actions or behaviors (Pender, 2011). Examples of these consists of age, weight, self-esteem, self-motivation and sociocultural factors to name a few. The next concept is behavior-specific cognitions and affect. This is defined as perceived benefits of actions, barriers to change, and activity that predict the individual’s willingness to participate...
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...Health Belief Model History and Orientation The Health Belief Model (HBM) is a psychological model that attempts to explain and predict health behaviors. This is done by focusing on the attitudes and beliefs of individuals. The HBM was first developed in the 1950s by social psychologists Hochbaum, Rosenstock and Kegels working in the U.S. Public Health Services. The model was developed in response to the failure of a free tuberculosis (TB) health screening program. Since then, the HBM has been adapted to explore a variety of long- and short-term health behaviors, including sexual risk behaviors and the transmission of HIV/AIDS. Core Assumptions and Statements The HBM is based on the understanding that a person will take a health-related action (i.e., use condoms) if that person: 1. feels that a negative health condition (i.e., HIV) can be avoided, 2. has a positive expectation that by taking a recommended action, he/she will avoid a negative health condition (i.e., using condoms will be effective at preventing HIV), and 3. believes that he/she can successfully take a recommended health action (i.e., he/she can use condoms comfortably and with confidence). The HBM was spelled out in terms of four constructs representing the perceived threat and net benefits: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers. These concepts were proposed as accounting for people's "readiness to act." An added concept, cues to action, would activate...
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...PREVENTION OF OBESITY IN CHILDHOOD Introduction What is health The World Health Organisation (WHO 1986)defines health as a state of complete physical ,mental and social well being and not just the absence of disease and infirmity. Forster (2002) confirms that health is generally seen in terms of people being ill or well but indicates that this is a simplistic view, as being well or ill are not entirely separate notions but in fact overlap to some degree. Forster(2002) while concurring with the definition of health as provided by the WHO (1986) adds that this definition provides a positive view of health and suggest that health fluctuates over time along a continuum, good and poor health appearing at opposite poles of the continuum. Ewles and Simnett(2003) also suggest that health is determined by many factors such as Physical health, body function, Societal health living accomodation ,employment status , Spiritual health, religious beliefs and moral values or behaviours, Social health being able to sustain relationships and make friends, Emotional health the ability to cope with depression, stress and anxiety. Therefore an individuals health position along this continuum is variable but no distinct demarcation line between health and ill health exists. With regards to the definition given it is argued that health professionals interventions should focus on helping the clients ,individuals, families and communities to gain health related knowledge, attitudes and practice associated...
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...Health Promotion: Adult Obesity NURP 570: Health Promotion: A Global Perspective February 10, 2016 Health Promotion: Adult Obesity Obesity has become America’s most serious epidemic. After smoking, it is the leading cause of preventable, premature death in the United States (Daddario, 2007). An estimated 400,000 deaths are attributed to obesity in the United States each year (Christou, 2004). Higher death rates are also attributed to secondary conditions and diseases related to obesity. Nurse practitioners are involved in many aspects of the overweight or obese patient’s care. This care can be managed directly in a weight management program (teaching and counseling for conventional weight management or bariatric surgery) or through providing care to the patient affected by one or more of the many comorbidities of obesity (Daddario, 2007). Lifestyle changes are relevant when a patient’s body mass index (BMI) has increased to 25–29.9 or the point of being overweight. Behavior change models are important to prevent weight gain and to help the person meet the goal of living a healthier, longer life. The Health Belief Model (HBM) addresses the effects of beliefs on health and the decision process of making behavioral changes (Daddario, 2007). The HBM consists of five components (Edelman, 2013). * Perceived susceptibility is a person’s perceived risk for contracting an illness or health condition of concern to the researchers. * Perceived severity is a person’s perception...
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...Youth Brenda McLelland Capella University MSN 6012 Unit 8: Designing Health Promotion Programs September, 2015 Abstract Concerns about addressing the nutritional health of Cleveland’s impoverished children continue to plague the Cleveland community. According to the U.S. Census Bureau in 2013, Cleveland has the third largest child poverty rate among the top cities in the United States ("Hunger Facts," 2013). Insufficient resources to provide adequate food and lack of proper nutritional education for these children has a dramatic effect on the health and well-being for this vulnerable group. Not only does poverty have a direct relationship to negative child outcomes, but nutritional intake and education, as well. This article will focus on a theory-based health care promotion plan that will address the poor, school-age children living in Cleveland. Strategies will be identified in promoting nutritional education to improve healthy eating for these children in an attempt to improve the health and wellness for this vulnerable group. Guidelines for quality monitoring, evaluating, and adaptations of this health promotion plan will also be discussed so that it can be used across various health care settings. Implementing a health promotion plan that incorporates appropriate theory, research-based interventions, evaluative measures, and quality improvement metrics is pivotal if the health care professional is to be successful in supporting desired healthy behaviors...
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...High-Risk Family Assessment and Health Promotion Paper Corey Hollmann University of Phoenix NUR/542 6/30/2014 Danielle Patrick High-Risk Family Assessment and Health Promotion-Suicidal Ideation Suicide and ideation to commit this final act, is a grave public health concern that is multifaceted and responsible for significant family risk. Suicide is a behavior that has worldwide resulted in nearly one million fatalities annually. Suicide is commonly an act driven by impulsivity and followed by thoughts of hopelessness and doom. In the United States, firearms, particularly handguns, are the most common means of suicide. Despite extreme notoriety, suicide and suicidal ideation remained stigmatized and hidden behind shadows of shame. Acts of deliberate self-harm and unsuccessful attempts remain largely underreported (Fleischmann et al., 2008; Freedenthal, 2007). Summary of Suicide Risk Health Profile The incidence of suicide has remained a significant health risk across multiple demographics, cultures, and sexes. In between the years 1999 and 2008, the suicide rate increased 10.5% and from 10.5 to 11.6 people per 100,000 population. Male's record rates that are four times greater than females while non-Hispanic whites recorded 14.1 suicides per 100,000 (National Vital Statistics System, 2008). Suicide is a behavior that exudes complexity that is characterized by methods to potentiate intentional termination of one's own life. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified...
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...Health Promotion Initially when health promotion was developed it grew and improved the healthy status and health conditions of the public. Health promotion is a relationship between actions, knowledge, attitudes, and behavior and health outcomes from the individual to the societal level. In the past the focus was more on disease prevention and control of communicable disease, when contagious and communicable disease like measles, polio and small pox were present. As government and health care agencies are involved communicable disease are under control and now focus on health promotion. This paper explore the concept of health , health promotion, multiple health models , nursing roles and responsibilities and multiple health models and its approach taken towards health promotion. According to each individual health is defined and can be affected by many factors. According to World Health Organization (WHO) (World Health Organization, 2003) health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. “Health is a complex state of metabolic efficiency that represents the biological integration associated with physical, mental, and emotional stability of a person. It represents the ability to identify and realize aspiration, satisfy needs and to change and or adapt to its environment. Health is therefore a resource for everyday life.” (Green, 2010) Health promotion is “the art and science of helping people discover the...
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...[pic][pic][pic] Dr. Nola J. Pender PhD, RN, FAANa nursing theorist who first presented her Health Promotion Model for nursing in her book HealthPromotion in Nursing Practice (1982). She developed the idea that promoting optimal health supersedespreventing disease. Pender's theory identifies cognitive-perceptual factors in the individual, such asimportance of health, perceived benefits of health-promoting behaviors, and perceived barriers to health-promoting behaviors. These factors are modified by demographic and biologic characteristics andinterpersonal influences, as well as situational and behavioral factors. They help predict participation inhealth-promoting behavior. The individual's definition of health for himself or herself has more importance thana general statement about health. A major assumption in Pender's theory is that health, as a positive high-level state, is assumed to be a goal toward which an individual strives. Pender Nursing Theory The Health Promotion Model of nursingNola Pender, former professor of nursing at the University of Michigan, has developed a rational-choice modelof healthcare. This is not really a nursing theory per se, but a psychological look at how human beingsperceive themselves, their health and their ability to change their lifestyles to promote health. As a result of this focus, Pender's model is normally called the "Health Promotion Model" of nursing. Features...
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