...Wrongful conviction, often referred to as miscarriages of justice, can be defined as those who have been arrested on criminal charges, who have either pleaded guilty to the charges or have been found guilty, and, notwithstanding, their guilty plea or verdict, are actually innocent (Huff & Killias, 2010).While it may say like these situations are very rare, in fact there are many cases where innocent people are incarcerated, or even executed, because of errors in the criminal justice system. For example, as Dr. Michael Naughton, founder of the Innocence Project, which a non-profit advocacy group that works to free the wrongly convicted, said, “People think that miscarriages of justice are rare and exceptional . . . But every single day, people...
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...(Meyer-Leu, Lemola, Daeppen, Deriaz, and Gerber, 1670). In the end, this study supports the idea that there is a connection between low-to-moderate maternal drinking to low birth weight and a risk for decreased oxygen supply to the neonate. (Meyer-Leu, Lemola, Daeppen, Deriaz, and Gerber, 1674). Evidence also supported the idea that experiences with moderate alcohol increases the risk for delayed fetal growth (Meyer-Leu, Lemola, Daeppen, Deriaz, and Gerber, 1674). In an article by Bailey and Sokol (2011), “Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Miscarriage, Stillbirth, Preterm Delivery, and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome,” a review of studies was conducted that supports findings that coincide with Meyer-Leu, Lemola, Daeppen, Deriaz, and Gerber’s study as well. That is, the literature of Bailey and Sokol’s supports the idea that choosing to drink during pregnancy increases the risk of negative outcomes. The negative outcomes discussed include miscarriage,...
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..."A Grave Distraction of Life" I - Introduction As our professor gave us the topic we will research about, it seems like we are given an opportunity to know the reasons, consequences and other possible things why some other women choose to do it instead of doing the right things and is abortion an immoral or moral ?. It challenges us and it makes us eager to know more about the so-called "Abortion". Before we started to do the research, we talked and shared our thoughts and little knowledge about abortion and somehow it helps and motivates us to continue studying it. As we go through, we think that it’s easy and enough to just write down all the information we have by ourselves and just simply rely it to the internet and copy but were wrong it’s very difficult because the information that we have are not really the definition but rather a common meaning of abortion, we need to understand every unfamiliar word we encounter and read other references. Despite of all circumstances, we are able to discover, learn and realize a lot of things. Abortion is really a grave distraction of life it can ruin not just our sole life but also those people who are concern and love us unconditionally, it will never be a solution to a problem but rather you are making a mortal sin and it makes the situation more complicated. Abortion is also called the termination of pregnancy it is the expulsion of human fetus or innocent person. It is one of the most common problems in this world...
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...The Downfall or Making Mankind The stem cell controversy has ignited great debate around the world. The mere subject makes people stand in arms or profess its place in science. Scientists proclaim that the stem cell is the most powerful cell in the human body. The stem cell has the ability to morph into any other type of human cell. In most religions, stem cell research has been viewed as playing God. The belief that unwanted embryos are being used and the dreaded words “legalizing abortions” in order to obtain stem cells has reviled people worldwide. While politicians in the United States have based their platform for stem cell research for a cure, or attempting to legalize abortions countrywide, is very broad and a very narrow path because of the promises of science to cure all. The religious downfall that we may be playing God, and the constant bantering from our politicians about it is the right thing, and the wrong thing. Scientists have long argued over the leaps and bounds that were made from stem cell research. The history of stem cell research had a compassionate, embryonic beginning in the mid-eighteen hundreds with the discovery that some blood cells could generate other cells within the human body. In the early nineteen hundreds European researchers realized that the various types of blood cells came from a certain “stem cell.” In 1963, the first true study of stem cell renewal took hold when Canadian researchers discovered self-renewing cells in transplanted...
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...BACKGROUND The research paper addresses the diagnosis of aneuploidy during the first trimester using Nuchal Translucency. The study was done in the fetal medicine unit in Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital in South Africa. It included a total of 428 patients who were screened between July 2003 and July 2005. Those patients were chosen using a set of criteria that the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) has established. The patients had a mean age of 30 years. Of all the patients, 59 were screened positive and the remaining 356 were screened negative. 24 of those that screened positive had Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) performed. CVS is an invasive prenatal test that takes a sample of the chorionic villi to asses for chromosomal defects4. Therefore,...
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...ENGL 1010 Argumentative Paper: The use of embryonic stem cells for research. Stem cells are the center of large debates in today’s medical world. Stem cells are cells that are in an undifferentiated state and have the ability to transform into any kind of tissue depending on what the cells around them are. This ability to transform into any cell of the body makes them very interesting in medical research because they may have the ability to regenerate damaged human tissue. If adult stem cell research seems promising to cure some diseases, the research on embryonic stem cells seems unavoidable. That research is very controversial because those cells need to be taken from a live embryo; taking those cells will ultimately kill it. The embryonic stem cell research could lead the medical profession to find cures for diseases, giving hope to thousands of people, but is it worth killing a potential life for saving an existing one? Stem cells have a very high price (the lives of those embryos), but so many of those embryos may be destroyed anyway. Now, because the government does not want to take a real position on the problem, stem cell research is authorized as long as it does not use federal funds. Strict rules should be written encouraging research on stem cells but restricting the ways those embryos are collected, thereby allowing the United States to advance in modern medicine. Stem cells are cells that are undifferentiated. This means that they have no function yet; therefore...
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...productivity growth every year. The mentality of the people in Malaysia is still in doubt when the number of infanticide is still increasing every year. Infanticide is considered as a murder case since it involves an innocent life that easily had been eliminated without mercy. There are no excuses for these irresponsible parents to escape this action as they must be heavily punished. In fact, not only law yet every religion prohibit this kind of conduct, but still infanticide seems as just another crime in this globalization era. This paper aims to discuss about the law enforcement in reducing the number of infanticide in Malaysia. This paper analyses the provision of Section 318 of the Penal Code whether this Act is sufficient to punish the wrongdoer and any other solutions towards this cases. Besides, the role of Malaysia government in the enforcement of law and also how the authorities acts towards solving the cases of infanticide in Malaysia. Hence, the paper also analyses about the effects of law to the wrongdoers and given suggestions for further impacts, including Islamic viewpoints. 1. INTRODUCTION Infanticide can be defined as when any women by any willful act or omission causes the death of her newly-born child, but at the time of the act or omission she had not fully recovered from the effect of giving birth to such child, and by reason thereof the balance of her mind was then disturbed, she shall, notwithstanding that the circumstances were such that but for...
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...Research Paper: My Thought on Abortions On October 1, 2008, butterflies floated around in my stomach all day while walking the halls of Hillcrest High. I knew something wasn’t quite right. Afterschool, my boyfriend and I made a trip to Wal-Mart. I fidgeted with my fingers the whole ride there. We purchased a Clear Blue pregnancy test. When we arrived at his house, the both of us made our way to the downstairs bathroom. As the urine landed on the Clear Blue stick, something told me that this will determine my future. Would I go off to college? Would I have to stay home to care for a baby?? I contemplated. “Am I pregnant???” was the biggest question of them all. My boyfriend and I waited impatiently for the results to appear on the stick. Hot tears began to roll down my cheeks before I could view the results. My boyfriend gasped. The look on his face told me that our lives would be change forever. Or would it? The word ‘abortion’ was the only thing on my mind for the rest of the evening. I cried and sobbed as my boyfriend did his best to console me until I fell asleep. The next morning I woke up early. Before I could even say “good morning” I told my boyfriend that I wanted an abortion. He stared at me for what seemed like a century. – Weeks had passed and I kept putting the abortion off for a later date. The thought of actually aborting didn’t sit well with me. One evening after school, I called Planned Parenthood to set up an appointment to have an abortion. Come to find...
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...Evidence To what extent has the use of technology in evidence altered our understanding of adversarialism? What is adversarialism? The adversarial system is the two-sided structure under which criminal trial courts in the UK operate. There are four prominent structural features of the English adversarial system. Firstly, the parties dominate the conduct of proceedings with the judge playing a relatively passive role. Secondly, the parties are free to choose the terrain on which to fight out their legal battles and to select their forensic weapons. Thirdly, Trials are continuous, oral and public events. Fourthly, the imbalance of power between the state and the accused is ameliorated by rules and principles reducing inequality of arms. High level definitions or at least descriptions of the adversarial system abound such as that of Lord Denning in Jones v The National Coal Board.They are all to the effect that the judge is a passive and neutral umpire who cannot descend into the arena for fear of having his or her judgement clouded. The adversarial system is said to be the most efficient means of arriving at approximate truth because it harnesses the power of self-interest on each side to unearth the best evidence. Similarly the best legal arguments are thought to emerge from the clash of advocate’s submission on the law. A classic quotation is that of Lord Eldon in Ex Parte Lloyd that ‘truth is best discovered by powerful statements on both sides of the question.’ This...
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...Abortion: Is it Right or is it wrong? Liberty University Human Growth and Development Dr. Robert Pace Contina Roby August 14, 2013 Abstract The purpose of this research paper is being done in reaction to the Mississippi’s Potential Initiative 26 Law. In response to Initiative 26 Law personhood is describe as “all human being from the second of conception, replicating or the functional corresponding thereof”. This would forbid abortions and certain birth control pill. Biblically it says “Thou Shall not Kill” but what transpire when a minor is raped and get pregnant. Should she be made to bring the child to term? After Mississippians went out to cast their votes, Initiative 26 was not approved. The persistence of this paper is to analysis this subject Biblically and then analysis it based upon how people view it. Key Words: Abortion, God, Murder Abortion: Is it Right or is it wrong? Abortion has become very popular in recent years. There are many people who support it and many that don’t. Sometimes abortion seems necessary but still God’s word, “Thou Shall Not Kill” stand. Many people will refuse to accept God’s word as a standard by which they should live and make decision. This is their right to reject it. Having an abortion is basically killing an innocent child. It has become a manufacturing, an elucidation, an excuse to avoid responsibility (Anderson, 2003). Abortion is wrong because God said we are not to murder, but not...
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...Social Development Research Social Development Research Depression is a mental illness that causes strong feelings of sadness or despair and affects a person’s moods and thoughts. It is a sickness that will happen without a motive. Each year in the United States depression affects an estimated 17 million people (Gordon,2010). Depression is a disease in which a life can be destroyed. Depression is tricky to detect in any age group. Men, women, and teens can become victims of this dreaded disease of the mind. Depression is complicated to detect in one owns self because a person‘s thoughts may be cloudy and any critical thinking can be lost. This disease called depression can be fatal, just like cancer or diabetes. Depression is a serious matter. To learn more about depression is a weapon against the disease. Emotions are hard to detect. Emotions do not bleed red like a deep cut. Feeling sad hurts just like a bleeding wound but it is sometimes undetectable. Depression is a silent killer like diabetes. Some warning signs of depression are withdrawal symptoms, frequent crying, anger, extreme sensitivity, and lack of enjoyment, thoughts of suicide or death. If any of these symptoms are detectable or obvious in someone, they might be depressed if the symptoms are long lasting or and severe. Helping a person with depression can save their life. A depressed...
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...The topic that will be discussed in this paper is fetal alcohol syndrome. This topic was chosen because I work closely with parents that expose their children to substance abuse before birth. Alcohol is one of those substances unfortunately that parents are exposing their children too. This is a major phenomenon in today’s society and is a relevant issue for many social workers. As a social worker I can use the science behind fetal alcohol syndrome to educate and inform my clients to make better decisions. This education can allow my client’s to live healthy life styles and became aware of their decisions. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is defined as a medical diagnosis in an infant or child whose prenatal growth is not up to par. The child may be under weight or length in the tenth percentile. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome can be rage on different severity levels and is defined on the amount of alcohol the mother consumes during prenatal care (Froschl,Bruner-Ziegler, Wirl 2013).The central nervous system and neurological system usually experience abnormalities in development. Behavioral dysfunction, intellectual impairment, and facial abnormalities are also signs for Fetal Alcohol syndrome (Pancratz, 1993). Due to the intellectual impairment the average IQ score of some one...
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...DISCRIMINATION AGAINST ON GIRL CHILD AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN FUTURE. Kongala. Rama.Rao. Research Scholar. Department of Sociology & Social Work, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur-522510. Gender equality is more than a goal in itself. It is precondition for meeting the challenges of reducing the poverty, promoting sustainable development and building good governance Koffi Annan Introduction Indian culture is centuries old. In Vedic Age Indian Women enjoyed a high status in the home as well as outside. After the Vedic Period women status decreased step by step, due to social economical, ad political changes of the later centuries. Women lost their position in education, and other fields. Consequently evil customs such as purdha, Sati, child Marriage, polygamy, ad enforced widowhood crept in and the women’s status in the home and outside. Different social reformers has played key role for women upliftment. Sex Ratio Sex ratio, defined as the number of females per thousand males is an important social indicator to measure the extent of prevailing equality between males and females in a society at a given point of time. The sex ratio in the country had always remained unfavourable of females....
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...But the investigative potential of the technique was rapidly recognized and embraced by police forces around the globe. Over the last 30 years, according to some estimates, more than 50 million people have had their DNA tested during criminal investigations. These new methods that have spread worldwide have put many criminals behind bars and have been used also to prevent gross miscarriages of justice. DNA profiling, based on typing individual highly variable nanosatellites in the human genome, was also developed by Alec Jeffreys and his team with the term (DNA fingerprinting) being retained for the initial test that types many nanosatellites simultaneously. By focusing on just a few of these highly variable nanosatellites, DNA profiling made the system more sensitive, more reproducible and amenable to computer...
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...Evaluating the Research Process Evaluating the Research Process The author of “Violence in Teen Pregnancy” discusses the rising numbers of teens in America that have faced the most violence throughout a pregnancy than adults. AJ Davis has conducted a study which concerns the number of teens whom have faced or are facing some form of violence of violence during pregnancy to the number of adults facing the same types of violence. It was founded that violence during pregnancy is reported more often by teens than adults. The common form of abuse was reported to be by a non-partner or a female friend. Davis suggested that more teens try to follow the abstinence program, by saving themselves till marriage, to help prevent any type of situations if they were to become pregnant and also speak up to someone they can trust about the situation to seek help. Literature Review The literature review is an in-depth analysis of the data concerning the topic of violence amongst teen pregnancies. The article has been summarized and all information obtained will be well organized throughout the research. This literature review may or may not give new explanations of old information or also combined new and old explanations as well. The review can also be used to verify the research and provide more information based on the research topic. That being said, this literature review is used to introduce information concerning violence that may occur during a teen pregnancy more than...
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