...Pain can be mild or severe and usually develops gradually over a time. When avascular necrosis happen pain more radiates to the groin, thigh or buttocks. Some other people may experience pain in bilaterally too. This means that they may feel pain in both knees and both hips or both shoulders. In this case, Bill has started to experience pain in his left hip and started funny feeling to his shoulder as well. This means that he may have experienced of avascular of necrosis other part of the body too. Bone is a supporting framework of our body, characterized by its rigidity, hardness, and the power of regeneration and repair. Bone protects the vital organs of the body. Bone plays the vital roles supporting environment of marrow by forming blood and storing fat. It acts as a mineral reservoir for calcium homeostasis and reservoir of growth factors and also maintains the acid base balance in our body. The bone is metabolically active organ which undergoes changes throughout the...
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...used to immobilize and hold bone fragments during reduction. It is made up of layers of plaster or fiberglass (water-activated polyurethane resin) bandages molded to the body part that it encases. Indications * To apply uniform compression of soft tissues * To permit early mobilization * To correct and prevent deformities * To support and stabilize weak joints Types of Casts 1 Short and long -arm cast for the upper limbs. : Extends from below the elbow to the proximal palmar crease. 2 Gauntlet Cast (thumb spica): from below the elbow to the proximal palmar crease. 3 Short and Long-leg Cast for the lower limbs. 4 Body Cast: Encircles the trunk stabilizing the spine. 5 Spica Cast: Incorporates the trunk and extremity. 6 Shoulder spica: encloses trunk, shoulder, and elbow. 7 Hip spica: encloses trunk and a lower extremity and can be single or double. Single extends from nipple line to include pelvis and one thigh while double includes both thighs and lower legs. 8 Cast-brace: External support about a fracture that is constructed with hinges to permit early motion of joints, early mobilization, and independence. 9 Cylinder Cast: Can be used for upper or lower extremity e.g. fracture or dislocation of knee or elbow dislocation. Complications of Casts * Pressure of cast may cause necrosis, pressure sores, and nerve palsies. * Compartment syndrome * Cast syndrome associated especially of body cast, resulting to nausea, vomiting...
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...Hip Pain Bio -201 360 Case Study 03/03/2016 Higus Mekonen Community College of Aurora Bill Case summery Bill is suffering with hip and shoulder pain. His doctor assessment showed that Bills thigh bone has avascular necrosis, and his doctor is curious to know if bill had a trauma in the past. However, Bill was forgetting about the incident he had in the scuba diving. Bill had sever bends some months a ago, and this problem is caused Bill’s bone tissue to die because lack of blood supply flowing to the bone tissue. The characteristic of...
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... 6. The procedure benefits 2. History 7. Conditions that prolozone treat effectively 3. Is prolozone the same as prolotherapy? 8. Conclusion 4. What causes pain? 1. What is prolozone? Prolozone is derived from the Latin word "proli" which means to regenerate or rebuild and the word ozone. "Prolo" is short for proliferation, because the treatment, which uses injections of ozone, causes the proliferation (growth, formation) of new cartilage and connective tissue in areas where it has become weak or damaged. The response to treatment varies from person to person but most people only need from 5-10 treatments. Prolozone is a homeopathic/oxygen-ozone injection technique developed and pioneered by Dr. Frank Shallenberger MD, HMD in the 1990′s. It is excellent for all forms of musculo-skeletal and joint pain including chronic neck and back pain, rotator cuff injuries, degenerative and arthritic hips and knees, degenerated discs and shoulder and elbow pain. Because in many cases prolozone actually corrects the pathology of the disorder, there is a 75% chance for the chronic pain sufferer to becoming permanently pain free. 2. History: Historical review shows that a version of this technique was first used by Hippocrates on soldiers with dislocated, torn shoulder joints. He would stick a hot poker into the front of the joint and it would then miraculously heal...
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...HEALTH TOURISM IN ASIA 1. Introduction: Medical tourism can be broadly defined as provision of 'cost effective' private medical care in collaboration with the tourism industry for patients needing surgical and other forms of specialized treatment. Medical or Health tourism has become a common form of vacationing, and covers a broad spectrum of medical services. It mixes leisure, fun and relaxation together with wellness and healthcare. The global health care industry is valued at $ 2.8 tn. The market for health tourism is estimated to be $67 bn, growing at a rate 20% per annum. It can be divided into three broad segments: 1. Surgeries like orthopedic surgery, heart by-pass surgery, cancer therapy, eye surgery, organ transplantation. 2. Plastic surgery or cosmetic surgery. 3. Health spas, weight loss exercise centers, hot springs and holistic treatment including wellness therapies. Different countries have become preferred destination in each of these segments for medical tourist. India is a preferred destination for heart, orthopedic, eye and neurosurgeries. Eye surgery kidney dialysis and organ transplantation are among the most common treatments sought by medical tourist in Thailand and according to the Health Ministry, in 2004 the country attracted 600,000 medical tourists, who generated 20 billion baht in revenue. As a result, Asia’s medical tourism industry could generate over US$4.4 billion a year by 2012, with India, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia...
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...Medical Tourism Industry - Advantage India C.B. Venkata Krishna Prasad* Traveling abroad for health is not a new phenomenon. Medical tourism is actually thousands of years old. In ancient Greece, pilgrims and patients came from all over the Mediterranean to the sanctuary of the healing god, asklepios; the god of healing was located at Epidaurus. In roman Britain, patients took the waters at a shrine at bath, a practice that continued for 2,000 years. During 18th century wealthy Europeans used to visit health resorts in North Africa. But in the past seven years or so, the movement has accelerated sharply. It is growing rapidly and turning out to be an immense business opportunity for nations which have the strategic advantage of having resources in terms of medical technology, infrastructure and right human resources. Cross-border travel for health reasons is a $40 billon market and growing at over 15% a year throws up huge opportunities for anyone smart enough to tap it. Broadly defined as a collaboration of medical services with the tourism industry, healthcare tourism offers cost effective medical services for individuals who cannot afford these services in their country due to high costs or to people who are tired by long waiting times. Also patients from countries, where treatment is not available, can avail the benefits of healthcare tourism. Countries that are actively promoting healthcare tourism include Belgium, Singapore, Malaysia, India, Thailand, Cuba, Costa Rica,...
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...performing as well as countries such as India or Thailand, and also to provide insights on how to go about leveraging on certain medical procedures that China have a comparative advantage in performing. This study resulted in two findings. Firstly, there is a lack of hospitals with JCI accreditation which we found out was due to a lack of motivation from public hospitals to do so, and also a lack of transparency in the management of the Chinese hospitals. Secondly, we found that the three medical procedures with the biggest potential to spearhead the success of medical tourism in China are Heart Bypass Surgery, Hip Replacement Surgery and Traditional Chinese Medicine. Keywords: Medical Tourism China JCI Contents Page Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 What is Medical Tourism 1 1.2 Reasons for the popularity of Medical Tourism 2 1.3 Why do patients seek care at medical tourism destinations? 4 1.3.1 Low Cost 4 1.3.2 Avoid Waiting lists 6 1.3.3 Procedure not available in home country 6 1.3.4 Procedures unavailable or restricted by society and/or legal system 7 1.3.5 Tourism and vacations 7 1.3.6 Privacy and Confidentiality 7 Chapter 2 Global Market overview of Medical Tourism Industry 8 2.1 Rise of Asian Medical Tourism demand 9 2.2 Medical Tourism Facilitator / Agents 10 2.3 International Medical Procedures Costing 10 2.4 International Healthcare Arbitrage 12 2.5 Problems pertaining to Medical Tourism 13 Chapter 3 Medical Tourism...
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...issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 0LP. Although every effort has been made to ensure that all owners of copyright material have been acknowledged in this publication, we would be glad to acknowledge in subsequent reprints or editions any omissions brought to our attention. Although every effort has been made to ensure that drug doses and other information are presented accurately in this publication, the ultimate responsibility rests with the prescribing physician. Neither the publishers nor the authors can be held responsible for errors or for any consequences arising from the use of information contained herein. For detailed prescribing information or instructions on the use of any product or procedure discussed herein, please consult the prescribing information or instructional material issued by the manufacturer. A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Data available on...
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...Skeletal.eap3am 8/20/02 1:20 PM Page 50 50 The Body Systems: Clinical and Applied Topics The Skeletal System 6 The skeletal framework of the body is composed of at least 206 bones and the associated tendons, ligaments, and cartilages. The skeletal system has a variety of important functions, including the support of soft tissues, blood cell production, mineral and lipid storage, and, through its relationships with the muscular system, the support and movement of the body as a whole. Skeletal system disorders can thus affect many other systems. The skeletal system is in turn influenced by the activities of other systems. For example, weakness or paralysis of skeletal muscles will lead to a weakening of the associated bones. Although the bones you study in the lab may seem rigid and permanent structures, the living skeleton is dynamic and undergoing continual remodeling. The remodeling process involves bone deposition by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. As indicated in Figure A-16, the net result of the remodeling varies depending on: 2. The applied physical stresses: Heavily stressed bones become thicker and stronger, and lightly stressed bones become thinner and weaker. Skeletal weakness can therefore result from muscular disorders, such as myasthenia gravis (p. 66) or the muscular dystrophies (p. 65), and conditions that affect CNS motor neurons, such as spinal cord injuries (p. 75), demyelination disorders (p. 72), or multiple sclerosis (pp. 72, 82). 3....
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...Mary Kanu NUR 180 February 24, 2009 Case Study on Client with Breast Lesions 1. (a) Was it painful and tender? (b) When was your last Mammogram? (c) Have you being doing your BSE regularly? (b) Are you taking any hormonal replacements or antidepressants? (c) Did you notice any changes in the breast symmetry, skin temperature and color changes? 2. Yes, it is very important that you go see your Doctor for an evaluation. Secondly, it has taken two years since your last mammography. This should be the best time to have it done again either for screening or diagnostic. 3. (a) Explore the client feelings for a frozen section and possible mastectomy by encouraging her to express her feelings about her illness and determine her level of knowledge. (b) Evaluate the client and family coping ability (c) Provide a clear explanation of the procedure and her post operative care such as the placement of tube to collect the drainage from the incision and that her arm on the affected side will be elevated. In addition to the above, she would have to begin arm exercises shortly after sugery. Nurse to demonstrate the exercise and have client repeat the exercise. (d) If the client seems able to absorb the above information, provide other information such as the types of beast prostheses available. (e) Take measurement on both sides of the breast to obtain baseline data (f) Explain to the client that if she is going to have a radical mastectomy, the skin on...
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...(hypothyroidism) • Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PGA I) – Hashimoto’s w/ hypoparathyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, and fungal infections of mouth and nails • Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PGA II)- Hashimoto’s w/ adrenal insufficiency and type I diabetes Clinical Manifestations Depends on severity of hormone deficiency – are those of an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism) • NONE • Intolerance to cold • Weight gain-occurring infrequently & rarely more than 10-20 lbs, mostly fluid • Fatigue • Constipation • Enlarged neck or presence of goiter • Pale, dry skin • Hair loss • Heavy and irregular menses • Difficulty concentrating or thinking • Pain and stiffness in joints, swelling in knees or small joints in hands & feet • Muscle aches, tenderness, and stiffness-especially in shoulders & hips Hashimoto’s Disease WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW Signs & Symptoms – con’t • Facial swelling/moon face • Hoarse voice • Elevated blood cholesterol level • Muscle weakness, especially in lower extremities Causes • Cause is unknown...
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...Hazard and Risk Assessment Paper Part 1 (Group) This organization is a leading independent provider of semiconductor assembly and testing services. It tests a broad range of integrated circuits including mixed-signal, analog and memory. This is integrated device manufacturer (IDM) is a semiconductor company which designs, manufactures, and test development, engineering and manufacturing services and solutions to a worldwide customer base. It operates manufacturing facilities in Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan and China in addition to its global sales network. This is a manufacturing company and there are multiple departments that support the organization strategies and objectives. Mainly, they are the Product, Equipment and Production Department. In a Wafer Sort Operation, the Equipment Engineering Department is a department that maintains all wafer sort equipment and its supporting hardware. They are responsible for the management of the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) of the Wafer Sort Operation to produce the highest possible equipment up-time for meeting the production output goals and projection forecast. In this OSH assignment, the focus is the Wafer Sort Hardware Room. Its main responsibility is in the managing of all hardware going in/out of the production floor; ensuring that there are enough spares and hardware available. All hardware are maintained within their periodical maintenance schedule and are diligently done, it's always available and ready for the...
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...Perioperative Shavings Victor A. Moore Western Governors University Prepping a patient for a surgical procedure usually involves removing the Hair at the incision site. The surgical care improvement project commonly known as SCIP is a national partnership of organizations focused on improving surgical care by significantly reducing surgical complications. One complication is surgical site infections SCIP has developed recommendations for hair removal. There are several SCIP measures, antibiotic within one hour before incision, received prophylactic antibiotic consistent recommendations, prophylactic antibiotic discontinued within 24 hours, control of postoperative serum glucose and appropriate hair removal. (Patterson, 2011, p. 120) What is appropriate hair removal? Razors can remove hair and has been the traditional method of hair removal, powered surgical clippers can trim hair at surgical site and does not leave cuts and microscopic abrasions where microscopic Flora can colonize in the surgical site causing postoperative infection. The National Quality Forum has endorsed to SCIP infection control measures. According to the Surgical Quality Alliance, which is a collaboration among specialty societies that provide surgical and perioperative care to improve the quality of care for the surgical patients, states that” following the endorsement by the National Quality Forum SCIP measures were incorporated into Medicare's reporting of Hospital Quality data for annual...
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...²Comminuted fracture- the bone is shattered into many pieces. ³Compression (crush) fracture- generally occurs in the spongy bone in the spine. For eg, the front portion of a vertebra in the spine may collapse due to osteoporosis (a medical condition which causes bones to become brittle and susceptible to fracture, with or without trauma). 4Fracture dislocation- a joint becomes dislocated, and one of the bones of the joint has a fracture. 5Greenstick fracture- the bone partly fractures on one side, but does not break completely because the rest of the bone can bend. More common among children, whose bones are softer and more elastic. 6Hairline fracture - a partial fracture/ crack of the bone. Often this type of fracture is harder to detect. 7Impacted fracture- when the bone is fractured, one fragment of bone goes into another. 8Longitudinal or linear fracture- the break is along the length of the bone. 9Oblique fracture- A fracture that is diagonal to a bone's long axis. ¹°Pathological fracture - when an underlying disease or condition has already weakened the bone, resulting in a fracture (bone fracture caused by an underlying disease/condition...
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...health travel agent Summary 27 28 29 31 2 MEDICAL TOURISM IN THAIALND 3 Medical Tourism Medical tourism is a term that has risen from the rapid growth of international healthcare where people from all around the world are traveling to other countries to obtain general medical surgery, cosmetic plastic surgery and dental surgery at a fraction of the cost of healthcare in their home country. And, while abroad, if physical conditions permit, patients can experience the interesting cultural attractions their destination country offers. More and more people are seeking the expertise of medical tourism companies to travel abroad as an affordable, enjoyable, and safe alternative to having medical, dental, and cosmetic surgical procedures done in their home countries. What is Medical Tourism? Medical Tourism is the practice of travelling across the borders to obtain healthcare services in another country where medical expenses are relatively lower and the services sought are equivalent to or better than those available in one’s own country. The Thai government began strategic plans since 2004 to promote Thailand as a prime medical tourism destination. Since then, the country has enjoyed a large number of visitors in this category. The...
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