...Detailed Notes - Socioeconomically Disadvantaged - People or families who lack sufficient income to obtain adequate health, food, housing and clothing that the rest of society can afford. - Find it difficult to ensure an adequate standard of living. - Often unemployed and rely on social security and services - Often in situation due to a disability, illness, living in a remote area. - Can be caught in the poverty cycle. - 12.6% of children in Australia live in households with incomes less than 50% of the national mean. - Sole parents, migrants, Aboriginals and low income employees usually fall into this group. Needs - Access to resources o Need to access a variety of services to improve their standard of living - Education o Need to develop knowledge, understanding & skill in identifying and accessing resources as well as problem solving in managing their own situation - Employment o Some have need for permanent employment o Need to be employed to improve their standard of living and self-esteem o The ‘working poor’ need to have their income supplemented with access to a variety of resources at no extra cost - Financial Support o Need in order to make ends meet o Cheaper loans, assistance in purchasing furniture, clothing and assistance in meeting the cost of schooling and sporting activities is needed - Health o They suffer from more chronic illness thus affordable, quality health care, medicines and treatments are required along with preventative...
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...Understanding the True Meaning of Well-being Divorce forces children to face social and emotional constraints which may promote a downfall in a child’s overall well-being. The term well-being can vary depending upon the context and situation that the phrase is being presented. When discussing children whose parents are going through a divorce, well-being refers to his or her overall physical health and emotional stability. Researchers would argue that well-being is much more than that and could be defined more biologically, psychologically and/or economically. I believe well-being refers to a person’s quality of life. Success and happiness signify a high quality of life while disappointments signify a lower quality of life. A joyful person has a positive well-being compared to a distressed person. Well being has the potential to affect many areas in a person’s life. Some examples are: health, income, career opportunities, emotional stability and relationships. The importance level of theses factors varies amongst individuals but they are all very significant. A study conducted by the Royal Society, which is composed of the world's most eminent scientists, looks at the term on a biological level. The core of well-being contributes to the effective functioning of multiple biological systems, which may help keep the organism from succumbing to disease or when illness or adversity occurs, may help promote rapid recovery (Love, Ryff, & Singer, 1383). Well-being...
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...living during the Civil War. To me, this single photograph goes a long way in telling the story of the life of a soldier during the Civil War. Others could take a look at the photograph and gain a better understanding for the hardships of the Civil War and further appreciate those in the military today. We can also gain a better appreciation for the improved living standards for any United States campaign today. Of course, technology has come a long way for us to look at this photo and find it hard to believe that this is how war was conducted, but to see it in a photograph really makes it real. I strongly believe photographs are worth a thousand words, and can, at times, teach more than a text book is able to. Going further into the difference in the standards of living during the Civil War and present day can clearly be seen in the photo of an on-site amputation being conducted. This was a very common sight on the battle field at medical tents, and of course was very unsanitary. However, not much was known then about germs, disease or proper medical techniques and sanitation. Several diseases were spread this way, and many died from falling ill from their own wounds. Viewing it from common practice...
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...Approaches to learning In this process the students are asked to consider how they learn best, how they know and how do they communicate their understanding. Students are given tools to help them become actively involved in their learning. In addition approach to learning consists of the following (the responsibility of the teacher to assist with this): • Organizational skills and attitudes towards work • Collaborative skills • Communication • Information literacy • Reflection • Problem-solving and thinking skills • Subject-specific and interdisciplinary conceptual understanding. Community and service In this process students are asked to consider how they live in relation to others, how they contribute to the community, and how can I help others? This would require that students take part in the community they are apart of. The concentration is on building community awareness and the tools needed to create a more effective society. Human Ingenuity In this process students are asked to consider why and how do we create along with the consequences. Students are forced to reflect on their brunt on society. Students focus on the evolution, process and products of human creativity and their brunt on life and society. Opportunities are provided for students to increase in themselves the human ability to create, transform, enjoy, and improve the quality of life. Students assess the way individuals can began change for the good or bad along...
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...QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT PROGRAM Juanita Hatcher February 2015 Overview • What is AKDN and what are the goals • What does Quality of Life mean • Quality of Life Assessments AKDN • Group of 11 development organizations with diverse development mandates • Primarily works in the poorest parts of South and Central Asia, East and West Africa (30 countries) • Adopts a Multi-Input Area Development (MIAD) approach in selected areas • Seeks to improve the Quality of Life of people living in program areas • Long-term perspective and commitment 3 Multi-Input Area Development • Initiated in 2007, the QoL assessment program includes subnational regions in six countries where AKDN takes a Multi-Input Area Development (MIAD) approach • MIAD: multi-input with enough strategic investment to address key determinants of QoL • MIAD should improve development of an area the economic, social and cultural • AKDN’s multi-sectoral capabilities and long term engagement make this a viable strategy • Key question: Are the pooled efforts of agencies, working with partners, influencing positive changes in the QoL of a given area’s population? The Overall Goal • • Going beyond material standards of living, health and education • Including positive values and norms in the organization of society – pluralism and cultural tolerance – gender and social equity – civil society organization and good governance • AKF aims to improve...
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...Health Literacy Ice cream Label Assessment Ebony Williams Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University HE 101 Personal and Community Health Dr. Sarah Toth Spring 2016 Health Literacy Many people across the country suffer from poor health literacy. According to Ihealth “Health literacy is the ability to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions.” Mainly health literacy is understanding, correctly reading, and acting to health instructions from either personal doctors or simply reading the calories of an ice carton. Having the correct health literacy is important and a very serious matter for citizens with poor health literacy and immigrants. Having poor health literacy can result to poor health choices and misunderstanding of medication from Doctors. People have fallen ill from having incorrect health literacy. It is important to have correct health literacy to understand doctors and medication instructions. Also, it helps to be able to handle health situations and to live a healthier lifestyle without depending on others to assist you. “The population who are at the most risk is the poor, elderly, and those with little education.”(Ihealth Chapter 1) My volunteer who took the health literacy assessment is a young male adult. Age is eighteen, race is African American...
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...University SO208, Social Inequalities Professor: Mr. Keith R. Hankins Social Status When speaking of the types of social statuses, the definition depends on where you are from. If you have an achieved status of a doctor for example, most people might consider your lifestyle in the upper class. Your perception of the different class would be different from what other people think. For example, you would probably not see yourself as upper class but because you have worked so hard to get to where you are at, others would feel that you have earned your status as upper class and because of this, you would feel that you have a higher status in society as opposed to a manager at 7-Eleven. On the other hand if you were born into a poor socioeconomic status, then making it up to a managerial position is probably a big success. Another type of status is an ascribed status. These are the people who are born into a status group or forced into a group (Hurst, 2010). Some times this could mean growing up in a rich, upper class family. This could also mean growing up in a poor environment where everyone is struggling to survive. Homelessness is another situation where people often times have no control over the outcomes of life. You could be an upper middle classmen and have everything go wrong. The next thing you know you are begging for pennies just to survive. But no one really knows what it is like to struggle to survive unless you have actually been there yourself. John...
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...Influence of gender, race and socioeconomic differences on depression Introduction According to Link and Phelan (1995), socioeconomic resources are a major determinant of differences in wellbeing of people. This paper draws heavily on the work of Roxburgh (2009) to extend on the fundamental cause perspective by expanding of the definition of resources, examining how race and gender influence the differences in relations between resources and mental health and modeling the relation between social status, gender and race while taking into account any differences in effect of resources across race and gender. While Roxburgh (2009) used a 2003 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) dataset, this study used the 2011 NHIS dataset. According to fundamental cause perspective, socioeconomic resources (education, income and wealth) enables one to access resources which leads to better health outcomes through its influences on attitudes and behavior. According to role theory, the relation between role occupancy and health stems from access to resources, for example, social support which is derived from occupying socially value roles (Simon, 1995). For example, the primary social roles of marriage and employment confer one psychosocial support, social support and economic resources which lead to differences in welfare of individuals. For the case of employment, economic benefit in terms of income and co-worker social support plus the structured working routines encourage healthy...
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...Out of school youth means having a vulnerable people who have needs. Nobody can deny the hard fact that education is an extremely important factor for bringing change in the lives of individuals. It has universally been recognized as the most powerful instrument and pre-requisite for gearing up the socio-economic development of a nation. In fact, it can be said that it is a pre-condition for the overall up-lift and welfare of a nation. This is why investment in education is considered to be so vital for human resource development and the enhancement of the quality of manpower. The history of humankind, in general, and that of developed nations of the worked, in particular, is replete with the precedents, which establish the fact that a certain level of literacy in population is an essential pre-requisite for precipitating the process of development in a country. The segment of society that plays the most active part in the socio-economic development of any country/region consists of the adolescents. It is clear that the composition and characteristics of this most crucial part of population goes a long way in expediting the process of national development and influencing the policy makers and planners in their planning and decision making for the future. In this way, the adolescents act as a sort of a “pressure group” that exerts a far-reaching impact on the process of educational planning as well as on the other developmental activities of the...
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...Factors Influencing Students Academic Performance in Nigeria Socio-Economic Factors Influencing Students Academic Performance in Nigeria Some Explanation from a Local Survey Nigeria like any other developing nations has witnessed series of political instability, with obvious effects on educational policies at federal, state and local government levels. This gradually laid the foundation of fallen standard in education at the primary and secondary school levels, which caused differential academic performance of students. In the quest of finding survival feet, the nation has evolved series of socio-economic and educational measures but these have not improved the social-economic status of families in the country. It is within this milieu that this study examines socio-economic factors influencing students' academic performance in Nigeria, with some explanations from Ido Local Government Area of Oyo State. The time frame of the study covers the period of 2004 to 2007. A total of one hundred and twenty (120) copies of questionnaire were administered to respondents. The study revealed that insufficient parental income, family type and lack of funding by governments are factors influencing students' academic performance. Based on these findings, certain recommendations are made towards improving student academic performance. Prominent of these include proper funding of education by government, sensitization of parents towards their children education and the support of NGOs to eradicate...
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...Explain the potential effects of five different life factors on the development of an individual In Sophie’s life there have been five different life factors that have affected her development as an individual. These include genetical factors, socioeconomical factors, environmental factors, biological factors and her employment status. All these factors affect her physical, emotional, intellectual and social development. Genetical Factors: Sophie’s Asthma Medical Condition Asthma is a genetical inherited medical condition that affects her physical development throughout her life stages. Asthma affects the small airways, bronchioles, which carry air in and out of the lungs. Therefore Sophie’s airways can become inflamed, swollen and constricted; this physically puts extra strain on her body when she exercises, making her breathless and dizzy because there is not enough oxygen within the body to make her muscles work properly when exercising. Sophie’s asthma affects her emotional development; this is shown as she still gets embarrassed and frustrated when out in public. When Sophie exercises her asthma causes her to become breathless and light headed very easily. Sophie therefore keeps an inhaler on her. Emotionally she has become slightly unstable at times when faced by embarrassment in front of others. Sophie’s intellectual development shows how she has learned to understand her condition and how to try to avoid triggering an attack. Through support and advice through...
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...Submitted By: Ali Tahir Roll Number: FA14-EMBA-034-CVC Assignment 2 ------------------------------------------------- Do you think that Higher GDP shows higher standard of living? Explain your answer with logical justifications. Higher GDP does not show a higher standing standard. GDP does not measure happiness, or well-being, or what economists call utility. As a gross measure, it aggregates data for a geographic area, ignoring important distributional questions and individual preferences. It does not account for the value of a nation’s stock of assets and liabilities. GDP is not a good measure for the well-being of a nation because more populated countries generally have a higher GDP whereas the people as a whole may not be enjoying a high living standard. Some reasons how this is justified can be: 1. Free time or leisure is not included in GDP analysis. While someone may be happier only working three days a week, that additional day off will reduce the GDP value. It is possible for very industrious country have a very high GDP, but its entire people could be overworked and sick which would turn to a poor wellbeing number. 2. GDP measures total production for a nation, and GDP per capita gives an average amount of output per person. However it does not tell how GDP is divided among its residents. 3. Some services and products included in the GDP measure actually lower our well-being. When expenditures on services are made it doesn’t necessarily...
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...CHAPTER 1 INRODUCTION Rationale of the Study Philippines is one of the countries in Asia which has the highest incident of poverty and the high percentage of population belongs to poverty line. There were so many reasons why poverty exists and this is due to unbalance resources or unequal distribution of resources, large family size, lack of opportunities for employment, values and norms of Filipinos that leads to a low level of educational attainment, and lacks motivations to one’s self.(Gabutin, 2015) According to a barangay Captain of Barangay Zone 6 in Sta. Barbara, Iloilo, poverty is a condition that is rapidly growing in their place. This barangay has a total land area of 144.049 hectares with 7 sitios or puroks. It provides health services to all its constituency including senior citizens. Based on the barangay data, the total population of this barangay is approximately 3,100, among of these are 524 males and 1, 573 females accordingly. Based on the barangay record there are 756 total number of households in the barangay and 762 are the total numbers of families in the barangay (2013). The same report shows that almost 100 households are earning below Php 5,000. The effect of a high poverty incidents was having a high crime incidents, many of them depends on how the government program’s (like 4P’s) will save them from that situation. According to Tony son of a 4P’s beneficiary. His father use the money intended to support the economic and educational needs of...
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...14/01/2016 PART 1 Introduction Macroeconomics: Branch of economics that studies the economy as a whole, especially the overall levels of production, employment, consumption, investment and prices. Microeconomics: Branch of economics that studies the individual behavior of firms and consumers and how they interact on a particular market. Macroeconomics focuses on the following issues: - Where does economic growth come from? - Could economic growth continue indefinitely, or is there some limit to growth? - Is there anything that governments can do to alter economic growth? - What are the origins of business cycles? - Should governments act to smooth business cycles ? - What does cause high rates of inflation? - How does the central bank affect prices and interest rates? - What are the root causes of a high unemployment rate? - Should countries adopt fixed or flexible exchange rates against the U.S. dollar? To answer previous questions, Macroeconomists use theories and models. - In economics, as in other sciences, explanations and predictions are based on theories and models. - A theory is a set of rules and assumptions used to explain observed phenomena. - A model is a simplified representation of the reality based on theories. - In economics, a model usually consists of a system of equations. 1 14/01/2016 - The relationship between facts, theories, model, and predictions: Predictions Model Theories Data “If I could...
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...Empowering the Kanawan Ayta Community To commemorate the Father of Modern Public Health in the Philippines the UP Manila College of Public Health held its annual Dr. Hilario G. Lara Memorial Lecture on Tuesday, June 29, 2010 at Room 407, College of Public Health, Lara Hall. This year’s lecture, “A Framework for the Development of the Ayta Community in Morong, Bataan”, was presented by Dr. Lourdes J. Cruz, a national scientist and former Professor of the UP Diliman Marine Science Institute and a recipient of the 2010 L’Oriel-UNESCO Award for Women in Science. Dr. Cruz is also president of the Bataan Center for Innovative Science and Technology, Inc. (BCISTI) since 1999. Through the years, she has led her team in alleviating poverty in areas of Bataan populated by indigenous Aytas, specifically Kanawan. BCISTI works as a technology incubator to Science and Technology for economic development. It has taken on the task of developing mechanisms to mobilize Science and Technology resources for direct mitigation of poverty. As basis of development, Dr. Cruz presented the concept of 4-Helix Model as an alternative approach for Science and Technology-based economic development. Developing countries use the Triple Helix Model that identifies three institutions, the Academe, Industry, and Government, as major constituents in socio-economic development. However, she points out that the situation in the Philippines vary in that a greater part of the population in rural areas do not belong...
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