...Influences of Childhood Development La Tesha Simpson PSY/600 Developmental Psychology July 15, 2013 Judy Pendleton, PsyD Influences of Childhood Development Children are impressionable and share the characteristics of a sponge in a sense, by means of picking up a spill and letting it ooze out of their personality or behavior. Children imitate most of what they see and hear whether negative or positive. Imitating is learning and learning is form of development. Everyone and everything can influence the choices children make during childhood. The purpose of this paper is to investigate influences of childhood development. Development of any kind during childhood can have life altering factors. Some of those factors will include career development starting during early childhood, economic resources in child development, and socioeconomic status and child development. This investigation will demonstrate whether the influences are healthy or unhealthy development during childhood. Career Development during Childhood Parents and professional role models may influence children in their career choice. For example, if a parent is a doctor a child may find that exciting and want to follow the footsteps of the parent. Perhaps, the child learns how police officers and fire fighters give back to the community and want to do the same. Career development start during childhood and covers the course of life (Porfeli & Lee, 2012). Researchers show how an individual establishes...
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... Abstract This paper explores references in regards to divorce and the effect that it has on our children. Articles along with books related to divorce and children will make up the entirety of this research paper. A variety of information will be derived from each reference that will expound on children’s reaction to their parents’ divorce. Clarke-Stewart and Brentano (2006) suggest that children see no benefit in divorce because the end of their parents’ marriage is a complete loss turning their lives upside down. This paper also examines researches on play therapy and storytelling that delves into children’s thoughts and feelings about their parents’ divorce. Clarke-Stewart and Brentano (2006) also suggest that most children just wish that their parents would get back together and shape up. This issue is definitely something to pay well attention to because of its effect on our children and society. It has been revealed that a computer search of books and articles in the database PsycINFO reveals more than four thousand on the topic of “children of divorce”—half of them in the past decade. Overall this paper will attempt to cover a majority of children base issues pertaining to their parents’ divorce and their struggle to make adjustments to cope with the major changes that comes along with the aftermath. Divorce is an epidemic that’s running ramped throughout every community, every ethnic group, and every upper middle lower-class family. However,...
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...Parenting and the different ways it can affect children’s lives: research evidence Policy-makers and commentators often blame ‘bad parenting’ for children’s and young people’s troublesome behaviour. What can research tell us about the influence of parenting, especially the parent-child relationships in millions of ‘ordinary’ families? This paper: ■ Summarises findings from seven reviews of existing research that were commissioned by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation to inform its own Parenting Research and Development programme. ■ Considers parenting from the perspectives of mothers, fathers and children themselves, as well as those of black and minority ethnic parents and families living in poverty with restricted access to support services Editor: David Utting August 2007 www.jrf.org.uk Key points ■ Differences in child temperament, among other factors, demonstrate that flexible, adaptable parenting is more likely to be effective than a ‘one size fits all’ approach. ■ The quality of parent-child relationships shows considerable stability over time. Some dimensions of parenting are important in children’s lives irrespective of age, especially whether relationships are warm and supportive or marked by conflict. ■ Warm, authoritative and responsive parenting is usually crucial in building resilience. Parents who develop open, participative communication, problemcentred coping, confidence and flexibility tend to manage stress well and help their families...
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...CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND As presented, this chapter discusses the problem and its background. This will help the reader to have an overview of the study specifically on the introduction, statement of the problem, significance of the study, and scope and delimitation. I. INTRODUCTION Teenage pregnancy is formally defined as a pregnancy in a young woman who has not reached her 20th birthday when the pregnancy ends, regardless of whether the woman is married or is legally an adult (age 14 to 21, depending on the country). In everyday speech, the speaker is usually referring to unmarried minors who become pregnant unintentionally. The average age of menarche (first menstrual period) is 12 years old, though this figure varies by ethnicity, and ovulation occurs only irregularly before this. Whether fertility leads to early pregnancy depends on a number of factors, both societal and personal. Worldwide, rates of teenage pregnancy range from 143 per 1000 in some sub-Saharan African countries to 2.9 per 1000 in South Korea. Pregnant teenagers face many of the same obstetrics issues as women in their 20s and 30s. However, there are additional medical concerns for younger mothers, particularly those under fifteen and those living in developing countries. For mothers between 15 and 19, age in itself is not a risk factor, but additional risks may be associated with socioeconomic factors. In developed countries, teenage pregnancies are associated with many social...
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...education as a strategy in countering socio-economic disadvantage Research paper for Ofsted’s ‘Access and achievement in education 2013 review’ Professor Chris Pascal and Professor Tony Bertram UK Research Team: Sean Delaney, Selma Manjee, Marjory Perkins and Manja Plehn International Research Team: Alice Bennett, Carol Nelson, Sarina Razzak and Maureen Saunders Centre for Research in Early Childhood (CREC) © Centre for Research in Early Childhood (CREC) 2013 The views expressed in this report are the authors’ and do not necessarily reflect those of Ofsted. Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to Elizabeth Boulton at publishing@ofsted.gov.uk or Aviation House, 125 Kingsway, London WC2 6SE This publication is available at www.ofsted.gov.uk/accessandachievement. No. 130155-RR-005 In June 2012, Sir Michael Wilshaw, HMCI, stated his determination to address the issue of narrowing the gap of educational achievement between disadvantaged pupils and others. To support this intention, The Centre for Research in Early Childhood has been commissioned by OfSTED to conduct a review looking at the impact of Early Childhood Education (ECE) initiatives to combat social and economic disadvantage, both in the UK and internationally. This paper: Examines the impact of national and international initiatives in ECE over the last 10 years on the ...
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...Adisa’s case includes a couple of significant issues that must be taken into account in the treatment planning. Adisa is a six-year-old, middle-class Black male who identifies himself as a girl (Adisa will be referred as “she” in this paper). Adisa and her family recently move to the home country, the United States from Belgium. After the relocation and starting the school, she becomes a target of the peer bullying in the school settings due to their gender identity. As a result of prolonged bullying, she started presenting internalizing problems, such as sadness, anxiety, poor appetite, sleep disturbance, and persistent restlessness. In considering her presenting problems, an appropriate treatment plan should be developed based on Adisa’s developmental stage, gender identity, ethnicity and cultural background, bullying-peer relationships, and presenting symptoms....
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...Abstract This paper reviews the interrelationship among family structure, patterns of single parent decision making and deviant behavior among adolescents. It reviews family income and non custodial parent involvement. Patterns of family decision making and family structure both have a significant effect on adolescent deviance behavior. Data on the child’s behavior, the child’s life at home, and parental relation with the child are collected through self reports. Understanding the family structure can have an important role in the intervention and prevention of deviant behavior in the child. More parental monitoring was associated with less delinquency in a single parent household. We examine family structure including two parent families, single mother families, single father families, and stepfamilies. This paper addresses the implications of different theories and findings designed to reduce deviance. Single Parent Home Effect on Adolescence Deviant behavior among youth has increased in the United States (Steinberg, 1987). According to the Nature and Meaning of Deviance (2008), Deviant behavior is described as actions or behaviors that violate cultural norms including enacted rules and social norms. This paper will examine the social factors associated with deviant behavior among juveniles. It will explore the correlation, if any, between single parent homes and the rise in deviant behavior in juveniles. The two...
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...families, and children, they may not have a chance for this. There are certain risk factors that have a bearing on social inequalities in health, and particularly those that are prone to preventative intervention. There are many that I could talk about, but I have picked out four of these factors to talk about. They are biological factors, family and social factors, parenting factors, and attachment. Even these I feel that I will not be able to cover completely, because there is only a certain part we see, and then there is the that is kept hidden from all. There are many factors that influence the development and social inequalities in a child’s life. These include biological, family and social factors, parenting factors, attachment, and the way non-maternal care is influenced. All of these are risk factors that are likely to have a bearing on the child’s social inequalities on their health. The biological factors include premature birth, low birth weight, and a serious medical illness. The significantly influence and infants growth. “Low birth weight, less than 2500 grams, has a prevalence of 6 percent in white middle-class U.S. women, and 15 percent in ethnic minority teenagers. These teenagers tend to be single mothers.” At the Infant Health and Development Project, they found that in a large amount of premature infants, that their IQ was less than 85 at three years of age. Race was the greatest factor in predicting outcome, that was followed by maternal education, and then medical...
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...defined by constant warfare and conflict with neighboring countries. This constant state of conflict has far reaching implications on the culture of Israel. Another aspect of Israel that contributes to its culture, is the large immigrant population that it contains. Many Israelis are Jewish immigrants who returned to their homeland to avoid persecution or to strive for a better life. Israel's history of conflict along with its high immigrant population both contribute greatly to how parents raise their children in the country. This paper will present and discuss several studies which help to demonstrate how Israel's unique culture, specifically considering its ongoing state of conflict and high immigrant population, contribute to the parenting practices and beliefs that are found in the country. Israeli values play a large role in the thought process behind how children are raised in the country. Miri Scharf (Seline, 2014) discusses how Israeli parenting practices are a combination of both collectivistic and western individualistic approaches. Traditional collectivist values include having sensitivity to others, obedience, and feeling of obligation. Individualistic values stress the importance of self-reliance, exploration, and independence. Scharf goes on to describe how this leads many Israelis to have very strong communal and familial values and as a result Israel has much more stable families when compared to other industrialized countries. An example of this being the fact...
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...Lionel Z. Gutierrez III Excelsior College Introduction Where has the middle class gone wrong and so far in debt? A constant barrage of ads for products and services, a promise of easy financing, and the "Hollywood" spin on the advertisements all make spending hard to resist. Understandably an individual's attitudes, behaviors, and decisions ultimately affect their financial and social well-being; parents need to take responsibility for providing early instruction on financial literacy and responsibility. Because of gross overconsumption, student loans, and a lack of adequate parental guidance on financial literacy; children are facing a lifetime of debt and little to no understanding of how to handle it. Overconsumption Americans have made some progress, since the financial crisis of 2008, which is considered, by some economists, to be the worst since the great depression (Haverman, 2008). Debt is still nearly double than that of 1989 (Editorial Board, 2015) and private debt overshadows government debt by one hundred and fifty percent (Nutting, 2014). American debt is in part due to overconsumption. Our parents were largely one income families. They lived in modest homes, most drove one car and had minimal educations. Today’s upper class is constantly getting bigger and better homes and cars, and taking lavish vacations, and a strong desire for those amenities has driven some in the middle class to incur unreasonably high debt. Thomas Naylor, a professor emeritus...
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...Parenting with Technology By DeVry University There are 6,800 known languages used in 200 different countries through out the world. 2,681 of those languages also have a writing system and the rest are just spoken. (1) All of those languages, spoken or not are tools of communication. Communication is the background of modern society and the fundamental means of being a civilized country, and how we communicate has changed dramatically over the centuries from grunting and writing on rocks to a very wide variety of methods in communication that we see today. Today, we often communicate with technology. We use email, on laptops and cell phones through wireless networks in hotspots all over our cities and communities. With cell phones, it is rare that you cannot instantly make a phone call and speak to someone immediately. Text messaging is yet another new language has been developed to communicate within in our society. Finally we use the Internet and social networking sites to keep in touch via live video, instant pictures, and so much more. Information is almost always a click away. In this multifaceted time of communication we need to learn the languages of our kids. Communication has always been the key to good parenting. Now we can use the tools of the 2000’s to be the best parents possible. The cell phone has changed communication, as we know it. Every time I missed school as a teen by 10 am the phone would ring with a call from the school office...
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...Pei Zhen Qu December 14, 2015 Professor Liu ASIAN 231 Research Paper The life of a Chinese American Growing up in a country where you are a minority amongst many other minorities can be difficult. This can cause many mental illnesses to the families and the individual itself. The United States is a country with many minority groups, one of which includes Chinese Americans. I know myself that it’s hard living in a place where there is racism and stereotypes about Chinese people, since I have been through this. The Chinese community is one of the fastest growing communities in the United States. The Chinese first came to the United States in the middle of the nineteenth century. The reason why they left their home country was due to high taxes, peasant rebellions, family feuds, and poverty. The reason they came to the United States during that time was because of the California Gold Rush and a better economic opportunities. But because there were so many Chinese coming, the people of the United States developed xenophobia (a fear of people from other countries). So 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act was put upon. But many years later, Chinese Americans were able to slowly to come back into the United States. Living in a different country can be very difficult. Especially if you are a parent trying to raise your children. This can cause a lot of stress because they have to work really hard in order to provide for their family. In “Chinese American Parents’ Acculturation...
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...My Virtual Child Paper My virtual child covers physical, social, emotional, and cognitive development at several age levels. This gave me an opportunity to visualize "the whole child" at various points in development. I raised a virtual child from birth to 18 years of age. Each virtual child has a unique set of characteristics at birth, some of which were influenced by how I answered the assessment I completed when I first logged onto My Virtual Child. These characteristics gradually emerged and affected his behavior and development. My child was a boy so I decided to name him Wolfgang. Wolfgang was born about four weeks premature and underweight (four and a half pounds). To regulate his body temperature, he spent the first few days in neonatal care. After five days, his Apgar score had risen from a six to an eight, which allowed me to bring him home. I was somewhat nervous when I brought him home because Wolfgang was not very hungry and had lost weight. Eventually, he began to eat more and gained weight. My partner and I had decided to breastfeed. I liked breastfeeding because I began to feel a connection hormonally. During toddlerhood, Wolfgang’s language and motor skills developed rapidly. Eventually, he was able to imitate actions and words. He took an interest in his surroundings, causing him to experiment with and study objects. He also started using the word “me” a lot and wanted to perform tasks by himself. He was pretty sociable. He just needed to warm up a little...
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...with close proximity to one another, and the standards of decorum are higher than ever before. For this reason, there is an intrinsic need for people to “get along” with one another that is often undermined by the realities of human conflict. Certainly, conflict seems to exist even in the most intimate and close of human relationships such as between a child and their parent. Its existence is a testament to the widespread issue of conflict, and the major role it plays in shaping the character of both society and culture. This paper will provide an overview of parent-child conflicts, offering an analytical view of contemporary literature on the subject from a sociological context. PART ONE: REVIEW OF THE ARTICLE This section of the paper helps me to present and analyze the article in question. For the purposes of exploring parent-child conflicts, a particular research study has been chosen and will form the basis of this paper. By exploring the research study in depth and critically examining its various aspects, it can show a superior understanding of the issue as a whole, as well as its farthest-reaching implications. The study in question is a 1993 study by Crockenberg and Lourie on the topic of parent-child conflicts. The purpose of the study that was identified by them, was to determine “whether parent’s use of power-assertive or negotiating strategies to resolve conflicts with children predicted children’s psychosocial adjustment and use of comparable strategies with...
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...RESEARCH/LITERATURE REVIEW OF ISSUES RELATED TO CHILDREN LIVING IN POVERTY _________________________________________________ A PAPER SUMBITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR FS 5833: FAMILY ECONOMICS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF FAMILY SCIENCES TEXAS WOMAN’S UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION BY SARAH KERAMATI ______________________________________________ DENTON, TEXAS APRIL 2012 Introduction Over the last few decades, the world has drastically changed, and the effect on the family dynamic has been profound. Today, there are more single parents, dual earner couples, and parents with more than one job living in both rural and urban areas in the United States than at any time in history (Miller, 2007). There is approximately one in five American children who live below the national poverty level (Meyer, Cancian & Nam, 2007). In today’s society, many people live below the poverty line and those numbers continue to increase because of our high unemployment rates. The Census Bureau reported that 12% of Americans live in poverty. According to the Department of Health and Human Services, the poverty level in 2009 for a family of four was $22,050. Working parents have no time and their finances are often strained. Welfare reform in the United States may pressure single mothers to be employed even though child care is expensive and they may barely make minimum wage (Miller, 2007). If a child experiences poverty during their preschool...
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