...Childhood Adversity Almost half the nation’s children have experienced at least one or more types of childhood trauma. (Stevens) Childhood adversity is due to a dysfunctional childhood. (Pederson) There are many things that affect children’s childhood. Neglect and abuse, Witnessing domestic violence, Parents with drinking or drug abuse problems, and many other ways. This can change the brain and have lifelong effects on a person. There are ways to help people who have childhood adversity. You can also tell when someone is going through childhood adversity also. How can we aid victims of childhood adversity? So many things can affect children and their childhood’s. Each child can be affected differently in different situations. Neglect...
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...Lecturer’s Nadine Burke Harris and Dante Cicchetti discuss childhood trauma and its effects on children as they continue to develop. Research has proven that trauma including maltreatment and abuse, negatively impacts kids into adulthood both behaviorally and biologically. No matter if a high-risk behavior is present or not, children who suffer from adversity are more likely to have health problems. Studies have found that childhood trauma is linked to triple the risk for heart disease, triple the risk of lung cancer, affects hormones, affects the brains development, and individuals have a 20 year less life expectancies (Harris, 2014). Modern technology has allowed researchers to compare the brains of children exposed to early adversity from...
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...One principle aspect of all those who work with children/young people is TRUST. Parents need to be completely and unquestionably assured their children will be safeguarded from any form of harm in all areas of professional care. Young children are very defenceless, and in some cases accessible, and rely on their parents/carers to meet their basic requirements, ie food, heat, house, affection and care. When moving from childhood to adulthood, young people further their independence and learning in aquiring their own needs, but still need direction, instruction and support. Studies from neuroscience have shown and provided more data regarding the brain's growth/maturity in childhood/adolescence (teenage years). There is significant adjustment of the brain surrounding the puberty stage, specifically in the frontal (pertaining to the forehead) cortex, the rational section of the brain which governs the connection of feelings and instinct, and the area of the brain coupled with reward and enjoyment. Nevertheless, these methods don't progress together. The method connected to reward/enjoyment progresses more swiftly than the instinct/feelings connection and calculated decision making purpose. Research and investigation indicates that teenagers are still maturing in the skill of coping with social/emotional...
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...Maltreatment and Trauma The challenges upon adaptive development by child maltreatment is associated with considerable individual differences in normal-range and disordered personality organizations among children, adolescents, and adults. Experiences of child maltreatment are shown to have a significant negative influence on children’s psychosocial and personality development. Research suggests that child maltreatment, as a severe environmental adversity, generates adaptation difficulties on multiple levels with organismic. Child maltreatment experiment often result in major harmful effects on behavioral cognitive and physiological regulatory systems across the life span. The harsh environments such as child maltreatment is likely to...
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...cries without being cuddled. Affection seems to defuse toxic stress — keep those hugs and lullabies coming! — suggesting that the stress emerges when a child senses persistent threats but no protector. Cues of a hostile or indifferent environment flood an infant, or even a fetus, with stress hormones like cortisol in ways that can disrupt the body’s metabolism or the architecture of the brain. The upshot is that children are sometimes permanently undermined. Even many years later, as adults, they are more likely to suffer heart disease, obesity, diabetes and other physical ailments. They are also more likely to struggle in school, have short tempers and tangle with the law. The crucial period seems to be from conception through early childhood. After that, the brain is less pliable and has trouble being remolded. “You can modify behavior later, but you can’t rewire disrupted brain circuits,” notes Jack P. Shonkoff, a...
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...The aim of this assignment will be to critically explore recent Health and Social Care policies in relation to the family unit, and the implications of the policies for health and social care practitioners. The assignment will attempt to discuss relevant biopsychosocial theories which when impacted on the family, influence health status outcomes, including resilience factors. It will also highlight and focus on attributes of vulnerability within the family setting, using specialist assessments skills. The family which the author will be discussing in this assignment (Appendix 1) is considered to be a vulnerable family, the family member which will be the main focus is the 14 year old teenage mother with a ten week old baby. For the purpose of this essay pseudonyms will be used, they will be called Jade and Billy, to protect the client's identity and for confidentiality purposes, this is in line with the Nursing and Midwifery Council Code of Conduct guidelines (Nursing and Midwifery Council 2008). Every child and young person needs to be protected, feel secure and sheltered from abuse and harm in an environment which is safe and where their needs are met (Oliver and Pitt 2011). How children make sense of the world around them is formed by their early experiences as children, teenagers and our family life. Families nurture and build resilience and moral codes for children, this supports them in leading successful and fulfilling lives (Cabinet Office 2008). The family...
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...occur when there is a death of a close loved one. Toxic stress are very extreme and may cause developmental damage (Wikipedia, 2013). With the proper support children should be able to overcome many of these circumstances. Changes in young children lives may cause stress. It is a major issue for adolescence that have problems with adjusting to new conditions. From birth a child comes into a world that the things surrounding him or her set the bar for farther expectations. They become accustomed to what is considered to them as normal. When this cycle is broken it may build character, however it can also take a turn for the worst. Every child deals with pressure differently. Children who are more head strong and comfortable with adversity may be better off than those who have a low tolerance for change. Some examples of changes that...
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...chances of acquiring externalizing disorders such as antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and psychopathy in adult criminal offenders (Dargis, Newman, & Koenigs, 2015). The study also examines the effects child abuse has on developing juvenile conduct disorder, which is the diagnostic criterion for ASPD. The researchers had three predictions: 1. childhood physical abuse would correlate with all three disorders; 2. emotional and sexual abuse would relate to CD and ASPD, but only the “lifestyle and criminal” aspects of psychopathy; 3. and...
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...Influence of Culture on Parenting Practices and Child Development Gloria Moore MFCC 537 October 17, 2015 Professor Timothy Docheff Influence of Culture on Parenting Practices and Child Development Parenting practices and child development have a strong correlation. “Parents often like to think that children are immune to the stressful complexities and troubles of the rapidly changing adult world” (Henderson, 2011). Many adults underestimate the perception of children to the world and, therefore, believing concerns of the child do not matter. There are numerous factors involved in the developing child such as family constellation, home environment, peer pressures, and societal stresses. “The family, school, community, and many other variables enhance or impede a child’s well-being.” (Henderson, 2011). An examination of the effect of environmental stressors on a child's health and wellbeing is provided. A glance at how cultural differences in parenting influence a child's developments is mentioned. Additionally, how secure attachment and problematic family relationships affect a child's wellbeing. Equally important are the factors contributing to attachment concerns during the child development, such as newly formed blended family. Effects of Environmental Stressors “Crime, corrupt public figures, a world full of tension, war, and the threat of terrorism that may strike anywhere at any time also create an environment of uncertainty and fear” (Henderson, 2011, p. 9)...
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...done in spite of having an obstacle is what makes a person stronger(Pausch 10). In a world full of adversity, having a child experience both failure and success is essential. Children need to be given objectives, goals, and high expectations. When a child is given a task that he or she is not able to accomplish, that child will work hard until the task can be done (Pausch 37). This process helps to build much needed confidence and self esteem. No one can give self esteem to another person (Pausch 37). When a person has self esteem and confidence in hisself or herself, that person will set personal goals and strive towards being better and being more independent. All types of parenting styles have an obligation to give a child a sense of independence. Adolescents need to be gently steered and taught lessons indirectly. Youths are told lessons ad nauseum in monotone voices, but are expected to heed said warnings. If they are taught things without being aware of the fact that a lesson is being taught, they will be more accepting of it. "When parents tell children things, it doesn't hurt to get some external validation"(Pausch 9). A wise word from an older sibling, an older cousin, an aunt, or an uncle will be better received than if it came from a parent. The knowledge received during childhood development must be applicable to adult life. Today, young adults are "cheating childhood","taking longer to grow up", and are "less integrated into adult society"(Morano par.30 and par...
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...Introduction Positive parent-child relationships provide the foundation for children’s learning. With parents’ sensitive, responsive, and predictable care, young children develop the skills they need to succeed in life. Early parent-child relationships have powerful effects on children’s emotional well-being (Dawson & Ashman, 2000), their basic coping and problem-solving abilities, and future capacity for relationships (Lerner & Castellino, 2002). Through these interactions, children learn skills they need to engage with others and to succeed in different environments (Rogoff, 2003). They learn how to manage their emotions and behaviors and establish healthy relationships with adults and peers. They also learn how to adjust to new situations and to resolve conflicts .When parents have warm, trusting, and reliable relationships with peers, family, community members, and service providers, they are more likely to have positive relationships with their children. To work toward the Parent, Family, Community and Environment: Positive Parent-Child Relationships Outcome, providers and programs can: provide emotional and concrete support to parents,1.respect diverse parenting styles, 2.value cultural differences and home languages, 3.reinforce the importance of fathers and other co-parents, 4.help parents connect with other parents and community members and resources, and model warm, responsive relationships by engaging in these relationships with parents and other family members ...
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...One Style Does not Fit All Amy Chua’s book, Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother, caused an uproar in the US media. It’s triggered a nationwide debate about the merits of different parenting approaches, mainly comparing ‘Tiger’/Asian-style parenting to ‘Western’/American-style parenting. Throughout her book, Chua exclaims that strict Chinese or ‘Tiger’ parenting is effective because it forges academic success. According to columnist for the New York Times David Brooks, author of the article “Amy Chua is a Wimp,” her book “plays into America’s fear of national decline” (269). One of the biggest components of the debate between parenting styles is that American children are academically inferior to other countries. Elizabeth Kolbert, staff writer for the New Yorker writes that the only area in which American students “outperform the competition is self-regard” (276). American students are ranked seventeenth in the world in reading, twenty-third in science, and thirty-first in math, while students from Shanghai ranked first in all three categories. Much of the blame for the decline in America’s academic ranking is placed on the parenting style. Western parents often claim that their children are “talented” or “gifted,” Chua says, while Asian parents highlight the importance of hard work and academic dominance. Yet, “research performed by Stanford psychologist Carol Dweck has found that the way parents offer approval affects the way children perform, even the way they feel...
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...ensuring they are matched to carers, and their cultural needs and wishes and feeling are taking into account (Stein 2009and Sinclair et al 2008). Bowlby’s attachment theory (cited in Hill, 2012) shows that early childhood is an important time for child development as attachments with caregivers shapes and informs later relationships. The child’s understanding of the response of the caregiver determines the ability of the child to tolerate new experiences and overcome difficult ones. Children in care have in one way or another experienced abuse at a very early age which sometimes affects the brain development and distorts the bond of attachments to disorganized attachment (Shemmings and Shemmings, 2011). Children who have experienced abuse are more likely to develop disorganized attachments with enduring physical, emotional and social consequences. This has long-term effects on the child’s ability to develop bonding with new carers. However, instability in placements exacerbates the situation, as children need stability in a conductive environment to enable them to develop secure attachment. Children develop resilience in placements that provide them with a nurturing environment (DSCF 2008). This nurturing environment helps to build their self- esteem in the face of adversity. This may also lead to new attachments that offsets earlier negative experiences as indicated by Schofield et al. (2007) and they go on to have better lives. Evidence suggests some adopted children and children...
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...Children’s Functional Health Pattern Assessment Functional Health Pattern Assessment (FHP) | Toddler Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt (Edelman & Mandle, 2010) | Preschool-Aged Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Initiative vs. Guilt (Edelman & Mandle, 2010) | School-Aged Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Industry vs. Inferiority. (Edelman & Mandle, 2010) | Pattern of Health Perception and Health Management: List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group. List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. | They can vocalize when they are sick. Health management is dependent on caregivers. Brushing teeth and washing hands. | Preschoolers can verbalize pain and how they feel. Curiosity of their own body and its functions become present. Preschoolers tend to have more of an accurate perception of their own bodily parts and their function. They know what their bodily parts are responsible for doing. | School-age children have awareness of their bodily functions. Cultural influences may also add/give to the school-age child's perception of illness. They have more of an intellectual understanding of what health is and what can cause illness. | | No health history or screenings. Poor oral hygiene on the caregiver’s part can lead to further dental issues. Parental knowledge deficit can lead...
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...letter in a hope that I will live to see your eighteen birthday party celebration. In this state I am twenty four years of age and just completed my undergraduate studies in the university, moreover secured a job with an insurance firm as an underwriter. You will be much blessed to be brought up in a loving family with two brothers and a beautiful caring mother who is an accountant by profession. Your family setup is a monogamous situation and all of your siblings are of the same parents. Infancy will be the most crucial part in your development hence I plan to ensure that your are well taken care of, this will be done by employing babysitters who will carter for your needs while mum will be at work .I would like you to have a very good childhood and live life to the fullest. For preschool I would want for you to attend school at a private institution where special learning facilities are availed to all the students. Based on the fact that children require special attention in there early stages of life it would be imperative that all your psychological needs should be addressed in order to ensure that your personality shall be well developed and that your may not suffer from inferiority complex and lack of self- esteem in future. Both I and your mother will be involved consultatively in the processes of your parenting. This will ensure that in your growth and development any socialization issue shall be addressed to assist in making your life much better and guide you in the making...
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